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2006 State Estimates of Substance Use

bulletAll State reports      bulletState level data       bulletAll geographic area data

Appendix C: State-by-State Model-Based Tables (All Substances)

20424

ALABAMA

Table C.1 Estimated Numbers (in Thousands) Reporting Use of Selected Drugs, Perceptions of Great Risk, Average Annual Marijuana Initiates, and Past Year Substance Dependence or Abuse in Alabama, by Age Group: 1999 and 2000
Drug Characteristic Total AGE GROUP (Years)
12-17 18-25 26 or Older
Based on 1999 and 2000 Pooled Data:        
ILLICIT DRUGS        
     Past Month Any Illicit Drug1 Use 196 36 69 92
     Past Month Marijuana Use 140 24 53 63
     Past Month Use of Any Illicit Drug Other Than Marijuana1

96		 19 32 45
     Past Year Cocaine Use 64 6 20 39
     Perception of Great Risk of Smoking Marijuana Once a Month 1,890 161 158 1,572
     Average Annual Number of Marijuana Initiates2 34 17 15 2
ALCOHOL        
     Past Month Alcohol Use 1,341 54 238 1,049
     Past Month Binge Alcohol3 Use 657 37 148 472
     Perception of Great Risk of Drinking Five or More Drinks
        Once or Twice a Week		 1,709 168 180 1,360
TOBACCO        
     Past Month Tobacco4 Use 1,219 68 205 947
     Past Month Cigarette Use 967 59 171 738
     Perception of Great Risk of Smoking One or More
        Packs of Cigarettes Per Day		 2,456 228 293 1,935
Based on 2000 Data Only:        
PAST YEAR DEPENDENCE OR ABUSE5        
     Illicit Drug1 Dependence 47 7 19 21
     Illicit Drug1 Dependence or Abuse 68 14 28 26
     Alcohol Dependence 94 8 24 62
     Alcohol Dependence or Abuse 197 22 58 116
     Alcohol or Illicit Drug1 Dependence or Abuse 231 32 69 131

NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey–weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach.

1 Any Illicit Drug includes marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or any prescription–type psychotherapeutic used nonmedically. Any Illicit Drug Other Than Marijuana includes cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or any prescription–type psychotherapeutic used nonmedically.
2 Average Annual Number of Marijuana Initiates = Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months/2.
3 "Binge" Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. By "occasion" is meant at the same time or within a couple hours of each other.
4 Use of any Tobacco product indicates using at least once cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., chewing tobacco or snuff), cigars, or pipe tobacco.
5 Dependence or Abuse is based on the definition found in the 4th ed. of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM–IV).

Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Household Survey on Drug Abuse, 1999 and 2000.

 20424

ALABAMA

Table C.2 Percentages Reporting Use of Selected Drugs, Perceptions of Great Risk, Average Annual Rates of First Use of Marijuana, and Past Year Substance Dependence or Abuse in Alabama, by Age Group: 1999 and 2000
Drug Characteristic Total AGE GROUP (Years)
12-17 18-25 26 or Older
Based on 1999 and 2000 Pooled Data:        
ILLICIT DRUGS        
     Past Month Any Illicit Drug1 Use 5.38 9.62 14.43 3.29
     Past Month Marijuana Use 3.84 6.40 11.18 2.27
     Past Month Use of Any Illicit Drug Other Than Marijuana1 2.63 5.10 6.70 1.62
     Past Year Cocaine Use 1.76 1.54 4.17 1.38
     Perception of Great Risk of Smoking Marijuana Once a Month 52.00 43.37 33.20 56.32
     Average Annual Rate of First Use of Marijuana2 1.28 5.19 5.35 0.10
ALCOHOL        
     Past Month Alcohol Use 36.87 14.46 50.18 37.59
     Past Month Binge Alcohol3 Use 18.05 9.89 31.10 16.92
     Perception of Great Risk of Drinking Five or More Drinks
        Once or Twice a Week		 46.99 45.33 37.94 48.74
TOBACCO        
     Past Month Tobacco4 Use 33.53 18.41 43.06 33.92
     Past Month Cigarette Use 26.60 15.81 35.90 26.45
     Perception of Great Risk of Smoking One or More
        Packs of Cigarettes Per Day		 67.55 61.65 61.63 69.33
Based on 2000 Data Only:        
PAST YEAR DEPENDENCE OR ABUSE5        
     Illicit Drug1 Dependence 1.28 1.90 3.98 0.74
Illicit Drug1 Dependence or Abuse 1.86 3.77 5.90 0.92
     Alcohol Dependence 2.58 2.21 5.11 2.20
     Alcohol Dependence or Abuse 5.39 6.02 12.25 4.15
     Alcohol or Illicit Drug1 Dependence or Abuse 6.33 8.49 14.40 4.68

NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey–weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach.

1 Any Illicit Drug includes marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or any prescription–type psychotherapeutic used nonmedically. Any Illicit Drug Other Than Marijuana includes cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or any prescription–type psychotherapeutic used nonmedically.
2 Average Annual Rate={(Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months)/[(Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months * 0.5) + Number of persons who never used Marijuana]}/2. Both the computation components, Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months and Number of persons who never used Marijuana, are based on a survey–weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. Note that the age group is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use.
3 "Binge" Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. By "occasion" is meant at the same time or within a couple hours of each other.
4 Use of any Tobacco product indicates using at least once cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., chewing tobacco or snuff), cigars, or pipe tobacco.
5 Dependence or Abuse is based on the definition found in the 4th ed. of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM–IV).

Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Household Survey on Drug Abuse, 1999 and 2000.
20424

ALASKA

Table C.3 Estimated Numbers (in Thousands) Reporting Use of Selected Drugs, Perceptions of Great Risk, Average Annual Marijuana Initiates, and Past Year Substance Dependence or Abuse in Alaska, by Age Group: 1999 and 2000
Drug Characteristic Total AGE GROUP (Years)
12-17 18-25 26 or Older
Based on 1999 and 2000 Pooled Data:        
ILLICIT DRUGS        
     Past Month Any Illicit Drug1 Use 43 7 14 22
     Past Month Marijuana Use 31 5 12 13
     Past Month Use of Any Illicit Drug Other Than Marijuana1 15 2 5 8
     Past Year Cocaine Use 11 1 4 6
     Perception of Great Risk of Smoking Marijuana Once a Month 158 20 14 124
     Average Annual Number of Marijuana Initiates2 6 4 2 0
ALCOHOL        
     Past Month Alcohol Use 258 10 41 206
     Past Month Binge Alcohol3 Use 105 7 27 71
     Perception of Great Risk of Drinking Five or More Drinks
        Once or Twice a Week		 217 25 25 167
TOBACCO        
     Past Month Tobacco4 Use 155 12 33 109
     Past Month Cigarette Use 123 10 31 82
     Perception of Great Risk of Smoking One or More
        Packs of Cigarettes Per Day		 319 38 43 238
Based on 2000 Data Only:        
PAST YEAR DEPENDENCE OR ABUSE5        
     Illicit Drug1 Dependence 6 1 2 3
     Illicit Drug1 Dependence or Abuse 13 3 5 5
     Alcohol Dependence 13 2 3 8
     Alcohol Dependence or Abuse 34 4 11 19
     Alcohol or Illicit Drug1 Dependence or Abuse 39 5 13 21

NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey–weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach.

1 Any Illicit Drug includes marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or any prescription–type psychotherapeutic used nonmedically. Any Illicit Drug Other Than Marijuana includes cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or any prescription–type psychotherapeutic used nonmedically.
2 Average Annual Number of Marijuana Initiates = Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months/2.
3 "Binge" Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. By "occasion" is meant at the same time or within a couple hours of each other.
4 Use of any Tobacco product indicates using at least once cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., chewing tobacco or snuff), cigars, or pipe tobacco.
5 Dependence or Abuse is based on the definition found in the 4th ed. of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM–IV).

Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Household Survey on Drug Abuse, 1999 and 2000.

 20424

ALASKA

Table C.4 Percentages Reporting Use of Selected Drugs, Perceptions of Great Risk, Average Annual Rates of First Use of Marijuana, and Past Year Substance Dependence or Abuse in Alaska, by Age Group: 1999 and 2000
Drug Characteristic Total AGE GROUP (Years)
12-17 18-25 26 or Older
Based on 1999 and 2000 Pooled Data:        
ILLICIT DRUGS        
     Past Month Any Illicit Drug1 Use 8.80 10.67 19.90 6.26
     Past Month Marijuana Use 6.35 8.65 17.35 3.76
     Past Month Use of Any Illicit Drug Other Than Marijuana1 3.16 3.88 6.49 2.37
     Past Year Cocaine Use 2.20 1.62 5.17 1.71
     Perception of Great Risk of Smoking Marijuana Once a Month 32.40 31.80 19.96 34.99
     Average Annual Rate of First Use of Marijuana2 2.32 7.29 6.48 0.17
ALCOHOL        
     Past Month Alcohol Use 52.87 16.57 58.13 58.22
     Past Month Binge Alcohol3 Use 21.49 10.86 38.35 20.00
     Perception of Great Risk of Drinking Five or More Drinks
        Once or Twice a Week		 44.48 39.61 35.31 47.16
TOBACCO        
     Past Month Tobacco4 Use 31.79 19.77 47.35 30.80
     Past Month Cigarette Use 25.26 16.37 43.83 23.13
     Perception of Great Risk of Smoking One or More
        Packs of Cigarettes Per Day		 65.52 61.07 61.10 67.18
Based on 2000 Data Only:        
PAST YEAR DEPENDENCE OR ABUSE5        
     Illicit Drug1 Dependence 1.31 2.26 3.22 0.76
     Illicit Drug1 Dependence or Abuse 2.59 4.25 7.23 1.38
     Alcohol Dependence 2.74 3.24 4.50 2.29
     Alcohol Dependence or Abuse 6.91 6.17 15.90 5.24
     Alcohol or Illicit Drug1 Dependence or Abuse 7.85 7.89 17.56 5.90

NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey–weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach.

1 Any Illicit Drug includes marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or any prescription–type psychotherapeutic used nonmedically. Any Illicit Drug Other Than Marijuana includes cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or any prescription–type psychotherapeutic used nonmedically.
2 Average Annual Rate={(Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months)/[(Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months * 0.5) + Number of persons who never used Marijuana]}/2. Both the computation components, Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months and Number of persons who never used Marijuana, are based on a survey–weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. Note that the age group is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use.
3 "Binge" Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. By "occasion" is meant at the same time or within a couple hours of each other.
4 Use of any Tobacco product indicates using at least once cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., chewing tobacco or snuff), cigars, or pipe tobacco.
5 Dependence or Abuse is based on the definition found in the 4th ed. of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM–IV).

Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Household Survey on Drug Abuse, 1999 and 2000.
20424

ARIZONA

Table C.5 Estimated Numbers (in Thousands) Reporting Use of Selected Drugs, Perceptions of Great Risk, Average Annual Marijuana Initiates, and Past Year Substance Dependence or Abuse in Arizona, by Age Group: 1999 and 2000
Drug Characteristic Total AGE GROUP (Years)
12-17 18-25 26 or Older
Based on 1999 and 2000 Pooled Data:        
ILLICIT DRUGS        
     Past Month Any Illicit Drug1 Use 233 47 69 116
     Past Month Marijuana Use 173 32 58 83
     Past Month Use of Any Illicit Drug Other Than Marijuana1 118 22 29 67
     Past Year Cocaine Use 81 14 30 37
     Perception of Great Risk of Smoking Marijuana Once a Month 1,724 157 159 1,409
     Average Annual Number of Marijuana Initiates2 45 29 13 2
ALCOHOL        
     Past Month Alcohol Use 1,769 73 278 1,418
     Past Month Binge Alcohol3 Use 786 49 179 558
     Perception of Great Risk of Drinking Five or More Drinks
        Once or Twice a Week		 1,760 187 198 1,375
TOBACCO        
     Past Month Tobacco4 Use 1,093 63 220 809
     Past Month Cigarette Use 924 60 201 664
     Perception of Great Risk of Smoking One or More
        Packs of Cigarettes Per Day		 2,657 275 323 2,060
Based on 2000 Data Only:        
PAST YEAR DEPENDENCE OR ABUSE5        
     Illicit Drug1 Dependence 67 12 18 37
     Illicit Drug1 Dependence or Abuse 111 26 30 55
     Alcohol Dependence 101 11 23 67
     Alcohol Dependence or Abuse 230 24 59 147
     Alcohol or Illicit Drug1 Dependence or Abuse 287 35 76 176

NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey–weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach.

1 Any Illicit Drug includes marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or any prescription–type psychotherapeutic used nonmedically. Any Illicit Drug Other Than Marijuana includes cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or any prescription–type psychotherapeutic used nonmedically.
2 Average Annual Number of Marijuana Initiates = Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months/2.
3 "Binge" Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. By "occasion" is meant at the same time or within a couple hours of each other.
4 Use of any Tobacco product indicates using at least once cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., chewing tobacco or snuff), cigars, or pipe tobacco.
5 Dependence or Abuse is based on the definition found in the 4th ed. of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM–IV).

Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Household Survey on Drug Abuse, 1999 and 2000.

 20424

ARIZONA

Table C.6 Percentages Reporting Use of Selected Drugs, Perceptions of Great Risk, Average Annual Rates of First Use of Marijuana, and Past Year Substance Dependence or Abuse in Arizona, by Age Group: 1999 and 2000
Drug Characteristic Total AGE GROUP (Years)
12-17 18-25 26 or Older
Based on 1999 and 2000 Pooled Data:        
ILLICIT DRUGS        
     Past Month Any Illicit Drug1 Use 6.10 11.03 13.60 4.04
     Past Month Marijuana Use 4.53 7.48 11.40 2.89
     Past Month Use of Any Illicit Drug Other Than Marijuana1 3.10 5.17 5.76 2.32
     Past Year Cocaine Use 2.11 3.15 5.98 1.27
     Perception of Great Risk of Smoking Marijuana Once a Month 45.18 36.47 31.34 48.91
     Average Annual Rate of First Use of Marijuana2 1.82 8.16 4.69 0.13
ALCOHOL        
     Past Month Alcohol Use 46.36 17.06 54.95 49.22
     Past Month Binge Alcohol3 Use 20.59 11.41 35.28 19.37
     Perception of Great Risk of Drinking Five or More Drinks
        Once or Twice a Week		 46.11 43.66 39.02 47.73
TOBACCO        
     Past Month Tobacco4 Use 28.63 14.78 43.47 28.09
     Past Month Cigarette Use 24.21 13.95 39.60 23.04
     Perception of Great Risk of Smoking One or More
        Packs of Cigarettes Per Day		 69.64 63.99 63.73 71.52
Based on 2000 Data Only:        
PAST YEAR DEPENDENCE OR ABUSE5        
     Illicit Drug1 Dependence 1.73 2.70 3.58 1.25
     Illicit Drug1 Dependence or Abuse 2.87 5.98 5.87 1.88
     Alcohol Dependence 2.62 2.61 4.45 2.30
     Alcohol Dependence or Abuse 5.95 5.54 11.44 5.04
     Alcohol or Illicit Drug1 Dependence or Abuse 7.43 8.14 14.74 6.03

NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey–weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach.

1 Any Illicit Drug includes marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or any prescription–type psychotherapeutic used nonmedically. Any Illicit Drug Other Than Marijuana includes cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or any prescription–type psychotherapeutic used nonmedically.
2 Average Annual Rate={(Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months)/[(Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months * 0.5) + Number of persons who never used Marijuana]}/2. Both the computation components, Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months and Number of persons who never used Marijuana, are based on a survey–weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. Note that the age group is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use.
3 "Binge" Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. By "occasion" is meant at the same time or within a couple hours of each other.
4 Use of any Tobacco product indicates using at least once cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., chewing tobacco or snuff), cigars, or pipe tobacco.
5 Dependence or Abuse is based on the definition found in the 4th ed. of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM–IV).

Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Household Survey on Drug Abuse, 1999 and 2000.
20424

ARKANSAS

Table C.7 Estimated Numbers (in Thousands) Reporting Use of Selected Drugs, Perceptions of Great Risk, Average Annual Marijuana Initiates, and Past Year Substance Dependence or Abuse in Arkansas, by Age Group: 1999 and 2000
Drug Characteristic Total AGE GROUP (Years)
12-17 18-25 26 or Older
Based on 1999 and 2000 Pooled Data:        
ILLICIT DRUGS        
     Past Month Any Illicit Drug1 Use 117 24 38 54
     Past Month Marijuana Use 84 16 28 40
     Past Month Use of Any Illicit Drug Other Than Marijuana1 55 13 17 26
     Past Year Cocaine Use 32 3 10 19
     Perception of Great Risk of Smoking Marijuana Once a Month 1,050 94 90 866
     Average Annual Number of Marijuana Initiates2 21 11 8 1
ALCOHOL        
     Past Month Alcohol Use 758 39 129 590
     Past Month Binge Alcohol3 Use 406 27 93 286
     Perception of Great Risk of Drinking Five or More Drinks
        Once or Twice a Week		 1,053 97 101 854
TOBACCO        
     Past Month Tobacco4 Use 754 53 123 579
     Past Month Cigarette Use 611 42 104 466
     Perception of Great Risk of Smoking One or More
        Packs of Cigarettes Per Day		 1,384 136 166 1,082
Based on 2000 Data Only:        
PAST YEAR DEPENDENCE OR ABUSE5        
     Illicit Drug1 Dependence 26 5 8 13
     Illicit Drug1 Dependence or Abuse 43 11 15 17
     Alcohol Dependence 48 5 14 29
     Alcohol Dependence or Abuse 105 13 32 59
     Alcohol or Illicit Drug1 Dependence or Abuse 130 20 40 69

NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey–weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach.

1 Any Illicit Drug includes marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or any prescription–type psychotherapeutic used nonmedically. Any Illicit Drug Other Than Marijuana includes cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or any prescription–type psychotherapeutic used nonmedically.
2 Average Annual Number of Marijuana Initiates = Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months/2.
3 "Binge" Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. By "occasion" is meant at the same time or within a couple hours of each other.
4 Use of any Tobacco product indicates using at least once cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., chewing tobacco or snuff), cigars, or pipe tobacco.
5 Dependence or Abuse is based on the definition found in the 4th ed. of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM–IV).

Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Household Survey on Drug Abuse, 1999 and 2000.

 20424

ARKANSAS

Table C.8 Percentages Reporting Use of Selected Drugs, Perceptions of Great Risk, Average Annual Rates of First Use of Marijuana, and Past Year Substance Dependence or Abuse in Arkansas, by Age Group: 1999 and 2000
Drug Characteristic Total AGE GROUP (Years)
12-17 18-25 26 or Older
Based on 1999 and 2000 Pooled Data:        
ILLICIT DRUGS        
     Past Month Any Illicit Drug1 Use 5.44 10.79 13.79 3.31
     Past Month Marijuana Use 3.89 7.09 10.00 2.43
     Past Month Use of Any Illicit Drug Other Than Marijuana1 2.56 5.56 5.95 1.59
     Past Year Cocaine Use 1.51 1.44 3.72 1.15
     Perception of Great Risk of Smoking Marijuana Once a Month 48.94 41.89 32.34 52.69
     Average Annual Rate of First Use of Marijuana2 1.32 5.75 4.58 0.10
ALCOHOL        
     Past Month Alcohol Use 35.32 17.34 46.23 35.92
     Past Month Binge Alcohol3 Use 18.91 11.93 33.37 17.43
     Perception of Great Risk of Drinking Five or More Drinks
        Once or Twice a Week		 49.07 43.32 36.27 51.99
TOBACCO        
     Past Month Tobacco4 Use 35.12 23.41 44.00 35.22
     Past Month Cigarette Use 28.48 18.56 37.29 28.35
     Perception of Great Risk of Smoking One or More
        Packs of Cigarettes Per Day		 64.49 60.40 59.77 65.84
Based on 2000 Data Only:        
PAST YEAR DEPENDENCE OR ABUSE5        
     Illicit Drug1 Dependence 1.18 2.01 2.95 0.77
     Illicit Drug1 Dependence or Abuse 1.98 4.84 5.32 1.04
     Alcohol Dependence 2.21 2.02 5.17 1.74
     Alcohol Dependence or Abuse 4.84 5.95 11.52 3.58
     Alcohol or Illicit Drug1 Dependence or Abuse 5.98 8.97 14.35 4.19

NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey–weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach.

1 Any Illicit Drug includes marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or any prescription–type psychotherapeutic used nonmedically. Any Illicit Drug Other Than Marijuana includes cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or any prescription–type psychotherapeutic used nonmedically.
2 Average Annual Rate={(Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months)/[(Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months * 0.5) + Number of persons who never used Marijuana]}/2. Both the computation components, Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months and Number of persons who never used Marijuana, are based on a survey–weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. Note that the age group is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use.
3 "Binge" Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. By "occasion" is meant at the same time or within a couple hours of each other.
4 Use of any Tobacco product indicates using at least once cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., chewing tobacco or snuff), cigars, or pipe tobacco.
5 Dependence or Abuse is based on the definition found in the 4th ed. of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM–IV).

Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Household Survey on Drug Abuse, 1999 and 2000.
20424

CALIFORNIA

Table C.9 Estimated Numbers (in Thousands) Reporting Use of Selected Drugs, Perceptions of Great Risk, Average Annual Marijuana Initiates, and Past Year Substance Dependence or Abuse in California, by Age Group: 1999 and 2000
Drug Characteristic Total AGE GROUP (Years)
12-17 18-25 26 or Older
Based on 1999 and 2000 Pooled Data:        
ILLICIT DRUGS        
     Past Month Any Illicit Drug1 Use 1,954 295 550 1,109
     Past Month Marijuana Use 1,459 212 469 778
     Past Month Use of Any Illicit Drug Other Than Marijuana1 778 126 204 448
     Past Year Cocaine Use 443 57 162 224
     Perception of Great Risk of Smoking Marijuana Once a Month 10,586 1,005 1,141 8,440
     Average Annual Number of Marijuana Initiates2 246 135 93 17
ALCOHOL        
     Past Month Alcohol Use 11,917 440 1,783 9,695
     Past Month Binge Alcohol3 Use 4,913 259 1,108 3,546
     Perception of Great Risk of Drinking Five or More Drinks
        Once or Twice a Week		 12,576 1,237 1,518 9,822
TOBACCO        
     Past Month Tobacco4 Use 6,061 293 1,135 4,633
     Past Month Cigarette Use 5,458 250 1,035 4,172
     Perception of Great Risk of Smoking One or More
        Packs of Cigarettes Per Day		 18,677 1,878 2,533 14,265
Based on 2000 Data Only:        
PAST YEAR DEPENDENCE OR ABUSE5        
     Illicit Drug1 Dependence 410 87 111 211
     Illicit Drug1 Dependence or Abuse 621 146 177 298
     Alcohol Dependence 668 50 148 470
     Alcohol Dependence or Abuse 1,561 138 404 1,019
Alcohol or Illicit Drug1 Dependence or Abuse 1,895 221 509 1,166

NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey–weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach.

1 Any Illicit Drug includes marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or any prescription–type psychotherapeutic used nonmedically. Any Illicit Drug Other Than Marijuana includes cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or any prescription–type psychotherapeutic used nonmedically.
2 Average Annual Number of Marijuana Initiates = Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months/2.
3 "Binge" Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. By "occasion" is meant at the same time or within a couple hours of each other.
4 Use of any Tobacco product indicates using at least once cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., chewing tobacco or snuff), cigars, or pipe tobacco.
5 Dependence or Abuse is based on the definition found in the 4th ed. of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM–IV).

Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Household Survey on Drug Abuse, 1999 and 2000.

 20424

CALIFORNIA

Table C.10 Percentages Reporting Use of Selected Drugs, Perceptions of Great Risk, Average Annual Rates of First Use of Marijuana, and Past Year Substance Dependence or Abuse in California, by Age Group: 1999 and 2000
Drug Characteristic Total AGE GROUP (Years)
12-17 18-25 26 or Older
Based on 1999 and 2000 Pooled Data:        
ILLICIT DRUGS        
     Past Month Any Illicit Drug1 Use 7.62 10.44 15.82 5.74
     Past Month Marijuana Use 5.69 7.50 13.49 4.02
     Past Month Use of Any Illicit Drug Other Than Marijuana1 3.04 4.46 5.88 2.32
     Past Year Cocaine Use 1.73 2.00 4.67 1.16
     Perception of Great Risk of Smoking Marijuana Once a Month 41.30 35.52 32.84 43.67
     Average Annual Rate of First Use of Marijuana2 1.46 5.57 4.50 0.14
ALCOHOL        
     Past Month Alcohol Use 46.49 15.56 51.28 50.15
     Past Month Binge Alcohol3 Use 19.16 9.15 31.87 18.35
     Perception of Great Risk of Drinking Five or More Drinks
        Once or Twice a Week		 49.06 43.74 43.66 50.81
TOBACCO        
     Past Month Tobacco4 Use 23.64 10.36 32.64 23.97
     Past Month Cigarette Use 21.29 8.85 29.78 21.58
     Perception of Great Risk of Smoking One or More
        Packs of Cigarettes Per Day		 72.86 66.41 72.88 73.80
Based on 2000 Data Only:        
PAST YEAR DEPENDENCE OR ABUSE5        
     Illicit Drug1 Dependence 1.59 3.05 3.17 1.09
     Illicit Drug1 Dependence or Abuse 2.41 5.12 5.05 1.54
     Alcohol Dependence 2.59 1.74 4.21 2.43
     Alcohol Dependence or Abuse 6.07 4.84 11.50 5.26
     Alcohol or Illicit Drug1 Dependence or Abuse 7.36 7.74 14.48 6.02

NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey–weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach.

1 Any Illicit Drug includes marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or any prescription–type psychotherapeutic used nonmedically. Any Illicit Drug Other Than Marijuana includes cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or any prescription–type psychotherapeutic used nonmedically.
2 Average Annual Rate={(Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months)/[(Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months * 0.5) + Number of persons who never used Marijuana]}/2. Both the computation components, Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months and Number of persons who never used Marijuana, are based on a survey–weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. Note that the age group is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use.
3 "Binge" Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. By "occasion" is meant at the same time or within a couple hours of each other.
4 Use of any Tobacco product indicates using at least once cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., chewing tobacco or snuff), cigars, or pipe tobacco.
5 Dependence or Abuse is based on the definition found in the 4th ed. of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM–IV).

Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Household Survey on Drug Abuse, 1999 and 2000.
20424

COLORADO

Table C.11 Estimated Numbers (in Thousands) Reporting Use of Selected Drugs, Perceptions of Great Risk, Average Annual Marijuana Initiates, and Past Year Substance Dependence or Abuse in Colorado, by Age Group: 1999 and 2000
Drug Characteristic Total AGE GROUP (Years)
12-17 18-25 26 or Older
Based on 1999 and 2000 Pooled Data:        
ILLICIT DRUGS        
     Past Month Any Illicit Drug1 Use 300 46 106 147
     Past Month Marijuana Use 264 39 91 134
     Past Month Use of Any Illicit Drug Other Than Marijuana1 106 18 41 47
     Past Year Cocaine Use 83 9 39 35
     Perception of Great Risk of Smoking Marijuana Once a Month 1,074 97 90 887
     Average Annual Number of Marijuana Initiates2 38 22 14 2
ALCOHOL        
     Past Month Alcohol Use 1,975 72 303 1,601
     Past Month Binge Alcohol3 Use 777 45 205 526
     Perception of Great Risk of Drinking Five or More Drinks
        Once or Twice a Week		 1,452 140 135 1,176
TOBACCO        
     Past Month Tobacco4 Use 1,044 75 217 751
     Past Month Cigarette Use 854 61 196 597
     Perception of Great Risk of Smoking One or More
        Packs of Cigarettes Per Day		 2,278 212 274 1,792
Based on 2000 Data Only:        
PAST YEAR DEPENDENCE OR ABUSE5        
     Illicit Drug1 Dependence 54 10 20 24
     Illicit Drug1 Dependence or Abuse 82 19 28 36
     Alcohol Dependence 77 7 26 45
     Alcohol Dependence or Abuse 216 24 72 120
     Alcohol or Illicit Drug1 Dependence or Abuse 253 34 85 134

NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey–weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach.

1 Any Illicit Drug includes marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or any prescription–type psychotherapeutic used nonmedically. Any Illicit Drug Other Than Marijuana includes cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or any prescription–type psychotherapeutic used nonmedically.
2 Average Annual Number of Marijuana Initiates = Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months/2.
3 "Binge" Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. By "occasion" is meant at the same time or within a couple hours of each other.
4 Use of any Tobacco product indicates using at least once cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., chewing tobacco or snuff), cigars, or pipe tobacco.
5 Dependence or Abuse is based on the definition found in the 4th ed. of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM–IV).

Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Household Survey on Drug Abuse, 1999 and 2000.

 20424

COLORADO

Table C.12 Percentages Reporting Use of Selected Drugs, Perceptions of Great Risk, Average Annual Rates of First Use of Marijuana, and Past Year Substance Dependence or Abuse in Colorado, by Age Group: 1999 and 2000
Drug Characteristic Total AGE GROUP (Years)
12-17 18-25 26 or Older
Based on 1999 and 2000 Pooled Data:        
ILLICIT DRUGS        
     Past Month Any Illicit Drug1 Use 8.86 12.96 23.91 5.71
     Past Month Marijuana Use 7.80 10.80 20.49 5.21
     Past Month Use of Any Illicit Drug Other Than Marijuana1 3.15 5.11 9.20 1.84
     Past Year Cocaine Use 2.45 2.42 8.73 1.38
     Perception of Great Risk of Smoking Marijuana Once a Month 31.82 27.20 20.28 34.44
     Average Annual Rate of First Use of Marijuana2 2.01 7.68 7.03 0.15
ALCOHOL        
     Past Month Alcohol Use 58.51 20.08 68.16 62.15
     Past Month Binge Alcohol3 Use 22.99 12.61 46.17 20.44
     Perception of Great Risk of Drinking Five or More Drinks
        Once or Twice a Week		 43.00 39.20 30.43 45.68
TOBACCO        
     Past Month Tobacco4 Use 30.91 21.10 48.93 29.17
     Past Month Cigarette Use 25.27 17.17 44.01 23.17
     Perception of Great Risk of Smoking One or More
        Packs of Cigarettes Per Day		 67.46 59.47 61.68 69.56
Based on 2000 Data Only:        
PAST YEAR DEPENDENCE OR ABUSE5        
     Illicit Drug1 Dependence 1.58 2.86 4.40 0.92
     Illicit Drug1 Dependence or Abuse 2.42 5.33 6.10 1.38
     Alcohol Dependence 2.27 1.95 5.66 1.72
     Alcohol Dependence or Abuse 6.34 6.79 15.93 4.62
     Alcohol or Illicit Drug1 Dependence or Abuse 7.42 9.38 18.90 5.15

NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey–weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach.

1 Any Illicit Drug includes marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or any prescription–type psychotherapeutic used nonmedically. Any Illicit Drug Other Than Marijuana includes cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or any prescription–type psychotherapeutic used nonmedically.
2 Average Annual Rate={(Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months)/[(Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months * 0.5) + Number of persons who never used Marijuana]}/2. Both the computation components, Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months and Number of persons who never used Marijuana, are based on a survey–weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. Note that the age group is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use.
3 "Binge" Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. By "occasion" is meant at the same time or within a couple hours of each other.
4 Use of any Tobacco product indicates using at least once cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., chewing tobacco or snuff), cigars, or pipe tobacco.
5 Dependence or Abuse is based on the definition found in the 4th ed. of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM–IV).

Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Household Survey on Drug Abuse, 1999 and 2000.
20424

CONNECTICUT

Table C.13 Estimated Numbers (in Thousands) Reporting Use of Selected Drugs, Perceptions of Great Risk, Average Annual Marijuana Initiates, and Past Year Substance Dependence or Abuse in Connecticut, by Age Group: 1999 and 2000
Drug Characteristic Total AGE GROUP (Years)
12-17 18-25 26 or Older
Based on 1999 and 2000 Pooled Data:        
ILLICIT DRUGS        
     Past Month Any Illicit Drug1 Use 196 32 59 105
     Past Month Marijuana Use 154 26 52 76
     Past Month Use of Any Illicit Drug Other Than Marijuana1 76 14 20 43
     Past Year Cocaine Use 41 4 14 23
     Perception of Great Risk of Smoking Marijuana Once a Month 1,052 77 75 901
     Average Annual Number of Marijuana Initiates2 26 15 10 2
ALCOHOL        
     Past Month Alcohol Use 1,510 53 205 1,252
     Past Month Binge Alcohol3 Use 575 35 141 400
     Perception of Great Risk of Drinking Five or More Drinks
         Once or Twice a Week		 1,194 104 107 982
TOBACCO        
     Past Month Tobacco4 Use 727 51 139 537
     Past Month Cigarette Use 650 42 129 479
     Perception of Great Risk of Smoking One or More
        Packs of Cigarettes Per Day		 1,903 160 191 1,552
Based on 2000 Data Only:        
PAST YEAR DEPENDENCE OR ABUSE5        
     Illicit Drug1 Dependence 40 8 14 18
     Illicit Drug1 Dependence or Abuse 58 15 20 22
     Alcohol Dependence 73 6 18 49
     Alcohol Dependence or Abuse 183 19 57 107
     Alcohol or Illicit Drug1 Dependence or Abuse 217 26 71 119

NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey–weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach.

1 Any Illicit Drug includes marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or any prescription–type psychotherapeutic used nonmedically. Any Illicit Drug Other Than Marijuana includes cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or any prescription–type psychotherapeutic used nonmedically.
2 Average Annual Number of Marijuana Initiates = Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months/2.
3 "Binge" Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. By "occasion" is meant at the same time or within a couple hours of each other.
4 Use of any Tobacco product indicates using at least once cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., chewing tobacco or snuff), cigars, or pipe tobacco.
5 Dependence or Abuse is based on the definition found in the 4th ed. of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM–IV).

Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Household Survey on Drug Abuse, 1999 and 2000.

 20424

CONNECTICUT

Table C.14 Percentages Reporting Use of Selected Drugs, Perceptions of Great Risk, Average Annual Rates of First Use of Marijuana, and Past Year Substance Dependence or Abuse in Connecticut, by Age Group: 1999 and 2000
Drug Characteristic Total AGE GROUP (Years)
12-17 18-25 26 or Older
Based on 1999 and 2000 Pooled Data:        
ILLICIT DRUGS        
     Past Month Any Illicit Drug1 Use 7.26 12.56 19.34 4.91
     Past Month Marijuana Use 5.70 9.99 17.05 3.57
     Past Month Use of Any Illicit Drug Other Than Marijuana1 2.83 5.39 6.45 2.01
     Past Year Cocaine Use 1.51 1.55 4.43 1.08
     Perception of Great Risk of Smoking Marijuana Once a Month 39.00 29.99 24.41 42.16
     Average Annual Rate of First Use of Marijuana2 1.59 6.83 6.47 0.13
     ALCOHOL        
     Past Month Alcohol Use 56.01 20.58 67.17 58.61
     Past Month Binge Alcohol3 Use 21.34 13.57 46.02 18.73
     Perception of Great Risk of Drinking Five or More Drinks
        Once or Twice a Week		 44.25 40.92 34.94 45.98
TOBACCO        
     Past Month Tobacco4 Use 26.95 19.84 45.55 25.13
     Past Month Cigarette Use 24.11 16.63 42.18 22.40
     Perception of Great Risk of Smoking One or More
     Packs of Cigarettes Per Day		 70.55 62.50 62.64 72.64
Based on 2000 Data Only:        
PAST YEAR DEPENDENCE OR ABUSE5        
     Illicit Drug1 Dependence 1.48 3.14 4.41 0.87
     Illicit Drug1 Dependence or Abuse 2.12 5.89 6.57 1.04
     Alcohol Dependence 2.70 2.40 5.80 2.30
     Alcohol Dependence or Abuse 6.77 7.35 18.64 5.01
     Alcohol or Illicit Drug1 Dependence or Abuse 8.01 10.18 23.09 5.59

NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey–weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach.

1 Any Illicit Drug includes marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or any prescription–type psychotherapeutic used nonmedically. Any Illicit Drug Other Than Marijuana includes cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or any prescription–type psychotherapeutic used nonmedically.
2 Average Annual Rate={(Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months)/[(Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months * 0.5) + Number of persons who never used Marijuana]}/2. Both the computation components, Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months and Number of persons who never used Marijuana, are based on a survey–weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. Note that the age group is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use.
3 "Binge" Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. By "occasion" is meant at the same time or within a couple hours of each other.
4 Use of any Tobacco product indicates using at least once cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., chewing tobacco or snuff), cigars, or pipe tobacco.
5 Dependence or Abuse is based on the definition found in the 4th ed. of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM–IV).

Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Household Survey on Drug Abuse, 1999 and 2000.
20424

DELAWARE

Table C.15 Estimated Numbers (in Thousands) Reporting Use of Selected Drugs, Perceptions of Great Risk, Average Annual Marijuana Initiates, and Past Year Substance Dependence or Abuse in Delaware, by Age Group: 1999 and 2000
Drug Characteristic Total AGE GROUP (Years)
12-17 18-25 26 or Older
Based on 1999 and 2000 Pooled Data:        
ILLICIT DRUGS        
     Past Month Any Illicit Drug1 Use 53 9 18 26
     Past Month Marijuana Use 45 8 16 22
     Past Month Use of Any Illicit Drug Other Than Marijuana1 19 3 6 10
     Past Year Cocaine Use 16 1 5 10
     Perception of Great Risk of Smoking Marijuana Once a Month 245 22 21 203
     Average Annual Number of Marijuana Initiates2 7 4 3 0
ALCOHOL        
     Past Month Alcohol Use 328 11 47 270
     Past Month Binge Alcohol3 Use 140 7 33 100
     Perception of Great Risk of Drinking Five or More Drinks
        Once or Twice a Week		 282 26 28 228
TOBACCO        
     Past Month Tobacco4 Use 194 13 37 143
     Past Month Cigarette Use 169 10 34 125
     Perception of Great Risk of Smoking One or More
        Packs of Cigarettes Per Day		 427 39 48 340
Based on 2000 Data Only:        
PAST YEAR DEPENDENCE OR ABUSE5        
     Illicit Drug1 Dependence 10 2 3 5
     Illicit Drug1 Dependence or Abuse 14 3 5 7
     Alcohol Dependence 15 1 3 10
     Alcohol Dependence or Abuse 36 3 10 23
     Alcohol or Illicit Drug1 Dependence or Abuse 44 5 12 26

NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey–weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach.

1 Any Illicit Drug includes marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or any prescription–type psychotherapeutic used nonmedically. Any Illicit Drug Other Than Marijuana includes cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or any prescription–type psychotherapeutic used nonmedically.
2 Average Annual Number of Marijuana Initiates = Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months/2.
3 "Binge" Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. By "occasion" is meant at the same time or within a couple hours of each other.
4 Use of any Tobacco product indicates using at least once cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., chewing tobacco or snuff), cigars, or pipe tobacco.
5 Dependence or Abuse is based on the definition found in the 4th ed. of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM–IV).

Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Household Survey on Drug Abuse, 1999 and 2000.

 20424

DELAWARE

Table C.16 Percentages Reporting Use of Selected Drugs, Perceptions of Great Risk, Average Annual Rates of First Use of Marijuana, and Past Year Substance Dependence or Abuse in Delaware, by Age Group: 1999 and 2000
Drug Characteristic Total AGE GROUP (Years)
12-17 18-25 26 or Older
Based on 1999 and 2000 Pooled Data:        
ILLICIT DRUGS        
     Past Month Any Illicit Drug1 Use 8.45 14.25 22.98 5.38
     Past Month Marijuana Use 7.24 11.89 20.81 4.48
     Past Month Use of Any Illicit Drug Other Than Marijuana1 3.08 4.99 7.97 2.05
     Past Year Cocaine Use 2.48 1.62 6.10 2.02
     Perception of Great Risk of Smoking Marijuana Once a Month 39.24 34.47 26.83 41.83
     Average Annual Rate of First Use of Marijuana2 1.90 8.32 7.01 0.13
ALCOHOL        
     Past Month Alcohol Use 52.46 17.82 60.83 55.69
     Past Month Binge Alcohol3 Use 22.40 11.10 42.95 20.63
     Perception of Great Risk of Drinking Five or More Drinks
        Once or Twice a Week		 45.15 41.09 36.73 47.02
TOBACCO        
     Past Month Tobacco4 Use 30.91 19.96 48.24 29.61
     Past Month Cigarette Use 26.93 15.39 43.72 25.78
     Perception of Great Risk of Smoking One or More
     Packs of Cigarettes Per Day		 68.32 61.15 62.59 70.17
Based on 2000 Data Only:        
PAST YEAR DEPENDENCE OR ABUSE5        
     Illicit Drug1 Dependence 1.57 2.37 4.07 1.06
     Illicit Drug1 Dependence or Abuse 2.28 4.33 6.04 1.41
     Alcohol Dependence 2.33 2.10 3.77 2.13
     Alcohol Dependence or Abuse 5.69 4.48 13.26 4.64
     Alcohol or Illicit Drug1 Dependence or Abuse 6.89 7.89 15.59 5.37

NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey–weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach.

1 Any Illicit Drug includes marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or any prescription–type psychotherapeutic used nonmedically. Any Illicit Drug Other Than Marijuana includes cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or any prescription–type psychotherapeutic used nonmedically.
2 Average Annual Rate={(Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months)/[(Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months * 0.5) + Number of persons who never used Marijuana]}/2. Both the computation components, Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months and Number of persons who never used Marijuana, are based on a survey–weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. Note that the age group is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use.
3 "Binge" Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. By "occasion" is meant at the same time or within a couple hours of each other.
4 Use of any Tobacco product indicates using at least once cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., chewing tobacco or snuff), cigars, or pipe tobacco.
5 Dependence or Abuse is based on the definition found in the 4th ed. of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM–IV).

Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Household Survey on Drug Abuse, 1999 and 2000.
20424

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Table C.17 Estimated Numbers (in Thousands) Reporting Use of Selected Drugs, Perceptions of Great Risk, Average Annual Marijuana Initiates, and Past Year Substance Dependence or Abuse in District of Columbia, by Age Group: 1999 and 2000
Drug Characteristic Total AGE GROUP (Years)
12-17 18-25 26 or Older
Based on 1999 and 2000 Pooled Data:        
ILLICIT DRUGS        
     Past Month Any Illicit Drug1 Use 30 4 10 16
     Past Month Marijuana Use 22 3 7 12
     Past Month Use of Any Illicit Drug Other Than Marijuana1 14 2 4 8
     Past Year Cocaine Use 9 0 2 6
     Perception of Great Risk of Smoking Marijuana Once a Month 189 16 16 157
     Average Annual Number of Marijuana Initiates2 4 2 2 0
ALCOHOL        
     Past Month Alcohol Use 191 5 31 154
     Past Month Binge Alcohol3 Use 80 3 18 59
     Perception of Great Risk of Drinking Five or More Drinks
        Once or Twice a Week		 237 22 28 187
TOBACCO        
     Past Month Tobacco4 Use 114 5 21 89
     Past Month Cigarette Use 105 4 18 82
     Perception of Great Risk of Smoking One or More
        Packs of Cigarettes Per Day		 297 28 41 228
Based on 2000 Data Only:        
PAST YEAR DEPENDENCE OR ABUSE5        
     Illicit Drug1 Dependence 6 1 2 3
     Illicit Drug1 Dependence or Abuse 10 2 3 5
     Alcohol Dependence 12 1 3 9
     Alcohol Dependence or Abuse 25 2 9 15