Impact of September 11, 2001 Events on Substance Abuse and Mental Health in the New York Area

Appendix E

Prevalence and Standard Error Tables

Table E.1 Percentages and Means for Selected Measures Among Persons Aged 12 or Older Living in New York City, by Time Period: 2000 and 2001
Characteristic	Significant Results	TIME PERIOD
Characteristic	Significant Results	2000 Quarter 1-3	2000 Quarter 4	2001 Quarter 1-3	2001 Quarter 4
Past Month Substance Use
Any Illicit Drug¹		5.6	4.9	10.9	9.2
Marijuana		3.6	4.4	7.1	7.8
Psychotherapeutics²		1.8	0.3	3.7	2.1
Alcohol		42.5	42.7	40.0	41.4
Cigarettes		19.2	27.7	23.6	20.1
Mean Number of Days Used Marijuana Among Marijuana Users		8.9	14.9	12.4	13.2
Mean Number of Drinks/Day Among Drinkers		3.3	3.1	3.0	2.8
Mean Number of Binge Days Among Drinkers³		1.4	1.3	1.9	2.8
Mean Number of Days Smoked Among Cigarette Smokers		22.1	21.9	21.9	23.0
Substance Abuse Treatment
Past Month Treatment		0.6	0.4	2.3	1.5
Past Year Treatment		1.3	0.6	2.6	2.5
Currently in Treatment		0.6	0.2	2.2	1.1
Past Year Mental Health Problems⁴
Distress⁵		--	--	38.2	44.6
Disorder⁵		--	--	18.1	24.7
Mean Number of Distress Symptoms Among Persons with Distress		--	--	3.4	3.8
Mean Number of Disorder Symptoms Among Persons with Disorders	a	--	--	2.6	1.9
Mental Health Treatment
Past Year Treatment		9.7	8.7	10.1	11.8
Religion
Religious Beliefs Very Important		74.8	74.7	72.1	70.1
*Low precision; no estimate reported. If shown in the significant results column, a contrast was found to be significant; however, since an estimate is suppressed, the specific result is also suppressed. -- Not available. ^a Difference between 2001 Quarter 4 estimate and 2001 Quarters 1-3 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. ^b Difference defined as (2001 Qtr 4 - 2001 Qtr 1-3) - (2000 Qtr 4 - 2000 Qtr 1-3) is statistically significant at .05 level. ¹ Any Illicit Drug includes marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or any prescription-type psychotherapeutic used nonmedically. ² Nonmedical use of any prescription-type pain reliever, tranquilizer, stimulant, or sedative; does not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ "Binge" is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion, i.e., at the same time or within a couple hours of each other. ⁴ Estimates of past year mental health problems are for persons aged 18 or older. ⁵ See Appendix D. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Household Survey on Drug Abuse, 2000 and 2001.

Table E.2 Percentages and Means for Selected Measures Among Persons Aged 12 to 17 Living in New York City, by Time Period: 2000 and 2001
Characteristic	Significant Results	TIME PERIOD
Characteristic	Significant Results	2000 Quarter 1-3	2000 Quarter 4	2001 Quarter 1-3	2001 Quarter 4
Past Month Substance Use
Any Illicit Drug¹		7.6	6.7	6.3	6.2
Marijuana		5.0	5.4	4.0	3.6
Psychotherapeutics²	b	2.4	*	1.1	1.8
Alcohol		13.9	14.4	13.1	11.7
Cigarettes		10.2	12.4	7.7	6.6
Mean Number of Days Used Marijuana Among Marijuana Users		8.9	*	7.2	*
Mean Number of Drinks/Day Among Drinkers		2.7	2.9	3.0	2.7
Mean Number of Binge Days Among Drinkers³	a	1.6	1.3	3.0	0.7
Mean Number of Days Smoked Among Cigarette Smokers		14.7	*	14.3	14.0
Substance Abuse Treatment
Past Month Treatment		0.3	*	0.4	0.8
Past Year Treatment		0.5	*	0.9	2.4
Currently in Treatment		0.3	*	0.4	0.3
Past Year Mental Health Problems
Distress⁴		--	--	--	--
Disorder⁴		--	--	--	--
Mean Number of Distress Symptoms Among Persons with Distress		--	--	--	--
Mean Number of Disorder Symptoms Among Persons with Disorders		--	--	--	--
Mental Health Treatment
Past Year Treatment	b	12.9	4.9	13.8	16.1
Religion
Religious Beliefs Very Important		78.1	78.5	76.9	84.0
*Low precision; no estimate reported. If shown in the significant results column, a contrast was found to be significant; however, since an estimate is suppressed, the specific result is also suppressed. -- Not available. ^a Difference between 2001 Quarter 4 estimate and 2001 Quarters 1-3 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. ^b Difference defined as (2001 Qtr 4 - 2001 Qtr 1-3) - (2000 Qtr 4 - 2000 Qtr 1-3) is statistically significant at .05 level. ¹ Any Illicit Drug includes marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or any prescription-type psychotherapeutic used nonmedically. ² Nonmedical use of any prescription-type pain reliever, tranquilizer, stimulant, or sedative; does not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ "Binge" is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion, i.e., at the same time or within a couple hours of each other. ⁴ See Appendix D. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Household Survey on Drug Abuse, 2000 and 2001.

Table E.3 Percentages and Means for Selected Measures Among Persons Aged 18 or Older Living in New York City, by Time Period: 2000 and 2001
Characteristic	Significant Results	TIME PERIOD
Characteristic	Significant Results	2000 Quarter 1-3	2000 Quarter 4	2001 Quarter 1-3	2001 Quarter 4
Past Month Substance Use
Any Illicit Drug¹		5.3	4.7	11.4	9.5
Marijuana		3.5	4.3	7.4	8.3
Psychotherapeutics²		1.7	0.3	4.0	2.1
Alcohol		45.5	45.7	42.8	44.5
Cigarettes		20.1	29.3	25.3	21.6
Mean Number of Days Used Marijuana Among Marijuana Users		8.9	16.0	12.8	13.5
Mean Number of Drinks/Day Among Drinkers		3.3	3.1	3.0	2.8
Mean Number of Binge Days Among Drinkers³		1.4	1.3	1.8	2.9
Mean Number of Days Smoked Among Cigarette Smokers		22.5	22.6	22.2	23.3
Substance Abuse Treatment
Past Month Treatment		0.7	0.3	2.5	1.5
Past Year Treatment		1.4	0.5	2.8	2.5
Currently in Treatment		0.7	*	2.4	1.2
Past Year Mental Health Problems
Distress⁴		--	--	38.2	44.6
Disorder⁴		--	--	18.1	24.7
Mean Number of Distress Symptoms Among Persons with Distress		--	--	3.4	3.8
Mean Number of Disorder Symptoms Among Persons with Disorders	a	--	--	2.6	1.9
Mental Health Treatment
Past Year Treatment		9.4	9.1	9.7	11.4
Religion
Religious Beliefs Very Important		74.4	74.3	71.6	68.6
*Low precision; no estimate reported. If shown in the significant results column, a contrast was found to be significant; however, since an estimate is suppressed, the specific result is also suppressed. -- Not available. ^a Difference between 2001 Quarter 4 estimate and 2001 Quarters 1-3 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. ^b Difference defined as (2001 Qtr 4 - 2001 Qtr 1-3) - (2000 Qtr 4 - 2000 Qtr 1-3) is statistically significant at .05 level. ¹ Any Illicit Drug includes marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or any prescription-type psychotherapeutic used nonmedically. ² Nonmedical use of any prescription-type pain reliever, tranquilizer, stimulant, or sedative; does not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ "Binge" is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion, i.e., at the same time or within a couple hours of each other. ⁴ See Appendix D. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Household Survey on Drug Abuse, 2000 and 2001.

Table E.4 Percentages and Means for Selected Measures Among Males Aged 12 or Older Living in New York City, by Time Period: 2000 and 2001
Characteristic	Significant Results	TIME PERIOD
Characteristic	Significant Results	2000 Quarter 1-3	2000 Quarter 4	2001 Quarter 1-3	2001 Quarter 4
Past Month Substance Use
Any Illicit Drug¹		7.7	8.6	11.9	14.1
Marijuana		5.4	7.9	7.2	13.6
Psychotherapeutics²		1.9	0.7	4.2	2.9
Alcohol		49.5	51.4	47.9	53.5
Cigarettes		22.2	23.9	25.4	25.6
Mean Number of Days Used Marijuana Among Marijuana Users		8.2	16.7	15.2	15.0
Mean Number of Drinks/Day Among Drinkers		3.8	3.7	3.5	2.9
Mean Number of Binge Days Among Drinkers³		1.8	1.6	2.4	3.7
Mean Number of Days Smoked Among Cigarette Smokers		21.2	25.5	21.9	22.6
Substance Abuse Treatment
Past Month Treatment		*	0.6	3.4	1.6
Past Year Treatment		0.9	0.6	3.8	3.7
Currently in Treatment		*	*	3.3	1.0
Past Year Mental Health Problems⁴
Distress⁵		--	--	36.8	40.5
Disorder⁵		--	--	16.4	19.7
Mean Number of Distress Symptoms Among Persons with Distress		--	--	3.1	3.6
Mean Number of Disorder Symptoms Among Persons with Disorders		--	--	2.8	1.9
Mental Health Treatment
Past Year Treatment		7.3	8.6	12.8	9.9
Religion
Religious Beliefs Very Important		66.1	71.0	70.4	65.3
*Low precision; no estimate reported. If shown in the significant results column, a contrast was found to be significant; however, since an estimate is suppressed, the specific result is also suppressed. -- Not available. ^a Difference between 2001 Quarter 4 estimate and 2001 Quarters 1-3 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. ^b Difference defined as (2001 Qtr 4 - 2001 Qtr 1-3) - (2000 Qtr 4 - 2000 Qtr 1-3) is statistically significant at .05 level. ¹ Any Illicit Drug includes marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or any prescription-type psychotherapeutic used nonmedically. ² Nonmedical use of any prescription-type pain reliever, tranquilizer, stimulant, or sedative; does not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ "Binge" is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion, i.e., at the same time or within a couple hours of each other. ⁴ Estimates of past year mental health problems are for persons aged 18 or older. ⁵ See Appendix D. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Household Survey on Drug Abuse, 2000 and 2001.

Table E.5 Percentages and Means for Selected Measures Among Females Aged 12 or Older Living in New York City, by Time Period: 2000 and 2001
Characteristic	Significant Results	TIME PERIOD
Characteristic	Significant Results	2000 Quarter 1-3	2000 Quarter 4	2001 Quarter 1-3	2001 Quarter 4
Past Month Substance Use
Any Illicit Drug¹		3.6	1.6	10.1	4.9
Marijuana		2.1	1.3	7.1	2.8
Psychotherapeutics²		1.6	*	3.3	1.3
Alcohol		36.3	35.1	33.0	30.6
Cigarettes	b	16.5	31.0	22.0	15.3
Mean Number of Days Used Marijuana Among Marijuana Users		10.6	*	10.0	5.1
Mean Number of Drinks/Day Among Drinkers		2.6	2.3	2.3	2.6
Mean Number of Binge Days Among Drinkers³		1.0	1.0	1.3	1.4
Mean Number of Days Smoked Among Cigarette Smokers		23.2	19.6	22.0	23.6
Substance Abuse Treatment
Past Month Treatment		1.2	0.3	1.2	1.3
Past Year Treatment		1.8	0.7	1.5	1.4
Currently in Treatment		1.2	0.3	1.2	1.2
Past Year Mental Health Problems⁴
Distress⁵		--	--	39.5	48.2
Disorder⁵		--	--	19.6	29.0
Mean Number of Distress Symptoms Among Persons with Distress		--	--	3.7	3.9
Mean Number of Disorder Symptoms Among Persons with Disorders		--	--	2.4	1.8
Mental Health Treatment
Past Year Treatment		11.9	8.8	7.8	13.5
Religion
Religious Beliefs Very Important		82.4	*	73.6	74.4
*Low precision; no estimate reported. If shown in the significant results column, a contrast was found to be significant; however, since an estimate is suppressed, the specific result is also suppressed. -- Not available. ^a Difference between 2001 Quarter 4 estimate and 2001 Quarters 1-3 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. ^b Difference defined as (2001 Qtr 4 - 2001 Qtr 1-3) - (2000 Qtr 4 - 2000 Qtr 1-3) is statistically significant at .05 level. ¹ Any Illicit Drug includes marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or any prescription-type psychotherapeutic used nonmedically. ² Nonmedical use of any prescription-type pain reliever, tranquilizer, stimulant, or sedative; does not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ "Binge" is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion, i.e., at the same time or within a couple hours of each other. ⁴ Estimates of past year mental health problems are for persons aged 18 or older. ⁵ See Appendix D. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Household Survey on Drug Abuse, 2000 and 2001.

Table E.6 Percentages and Means for Selected Measures Among Persons Aged 12 or Older Living in New York CMSA, by Time Period: 2000 and 2001
Characteristic	Significant Results	TIME PERIOD
Characteristic	Significant Results	2000 Quarter 1-3	2000 Quarter 4	2001 Quarter 1-3	2001 Quarter 4
Past Month Substance Use
Any Illicit Drug¹		5.3	3.7	7.0	7.2
Marijuana		3.9	2.8	4.9	6.4
Psychotherapeutics²		1.4	0.9	2.1	1.6
Alcohol		49.1	53.8	48.0	53.7
Cigarettes		20.3	23.7	22.0	21.0
Mean Number of Days Used Marijuana Among Marijuana Users		10.6	13.5	11.1	11.2
Mean Number of Drinks/Day Among Drinkers		3.7	2.8	2.8	2.6
Mean Number of Binge Days Among Drinkers³		1.5	1.1	1.5	1.7
Mean Number of Days Smoked Among Cigarette Smokers		22.1	22.4	21.7	22.5
Substance Abuse Treatment
Past Month Treatment		0.7	0.2	1.0	0.7
Past Year Treatment		1.1	1.1	1.2	1.6
Currently in Treatment		0.7	0.0	1.0	0.5
Past Year Mental Health Problems⁴
Distress⁵		--	--	41.7	46.2
Disorder⁵		--	--	15.9	20.9
Mean Number of Distress Symptoms Among Persons with Distress		--	--	3.4	3.5
Mean Number of Disorder Symptoms Among Persons with Disorders		--	--	2.1	2.0
Mental Health Treatment
Past Year Treatment		8.7	8.9	10.4	10.2
Religion
Religious Beliefs Very Important		78.2	74.5	74.1	73.7
*Low precision; no estimate reported. If shown in the significant results column, a contrast was found to be significant; however, since an estimate is suppressed, the specific result is also suppressed. -- Not available. ^a Difference between 2001 Quarter 4 estimate and 2001 Quarters 1-3 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. ^b Difference defined as (2001 Qtr 4 - 2001 Qtr 1-3) - (2000 Qtr 4 - 2000 Qtr 1-3) is statistically significant at .05 level. ¹ Any Illicit Drug includes marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or any prescription-type psychotherapeutic used nonmedically. ² Nonmedical use of any prescription-type pain reliever, tranquilizer, stimulant, or sedative; does not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ "Binge" is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion, i.e., at the same time or within a couple hours of each other. ⁴ Estimates of past year mental health problems are for persons aged 18 or older. ⁵ See Appendix D. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Household Survey on Drug Abuse, 2000 and 2001.

Table E.7 Percentages and Means for Selected Measures Among Persons Aged 12 to 17 Living in New York CMSA, by Time Period: 2000 and 2001
Characteristic	Significant Results	TIME PERIOD
Characteristic	Significant Results	2000 Quarter 1-3	2000 Quarter 4	2001 Quarter 1-3	2001 Quarter 4
Past Month Substance Use
Any Illicit Drug¹		8.7	8.0	8.3	8.9
Marijuana		6.6	6.0	5.0	6.9
Psychotherapeutics²		2.2	2.2	2.3	2.2
Alcohol		15.8	19.2	16.9	13.8
Cigarettes		12.3	11.2	10.5	10.9
Mean Number of Days Used Marijuana Among Marijuana Users		8.8	8.5	6.9	8.9
Mean Number of Drinks/Day Among Drinkers		4.8	5.9	3.8	4.8
Mean Number of Binge Days Among Drinkers³		2.1	2.9	2.0	1.9
Mean Number of Days Smoked Among Cigarette Smokers		15.5	10.1	14.5	14.6
Substance Abuse Treatment
Past Month Treatment		0.7	0.5	0.5	0.6
Past Year Treatment		0.9	0.9	1.0	1.5
Currently in Treatment		0.5	0.5	0.5	0.1
Past Year Mental Health Problems
Distress⁴		--	--	--	--
Disorder⁴		--	--	--	--
Mean Number of Distress Symptoms Among Persons with Distress		--	--	--	--
Mean Number of Disorder Symptoms Among Persons with Disorders		--	--	--	--
Mental Health Treatment
Past Year Treatment	b	16.2	9.5	17.7	21.0
Religion
Religious Beliefs Very Important		80.1	81.9	73.5	77.6
*Low precision; no estimate reported. If shown in the significant results column, a contrast was found to be significant; however, since an estimate is suppressed, the specific result is also suppressed. -- Not available. ^a Difference between 2001 Quarter 4 estimate and 2001 Quarters 1-3 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. ^b Difference defined as (2001 Qtr 4 - 2001 Qtr 1-3) - (2000 Qtr 4 - 2000 Qtr 1-3) is statistically significant at .05 level. ¹ Any Illicit Drug includes marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or any prescription-type psychotherapeutic used nonmedically. ² Nonmedical use of any prescription-type pain reliever, tranquilizer, stimulant, or sedative; does not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ "Binge" is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion, i.e., at the same time or within a couple hours of each other. ⁴ See Appendix D. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Household Survey on Drug Abuse, 2000 and 2001.

Table E.8 Percentages and Means for Selected Measures Among Persons Aged 18 or Older Living in New York CMSA, by Time Period: 2000 and 2001
Characteristic	Significant Results	TIME PERIOD
Characteristic	Significant Results	2000 Quarter 1-3	2000 Quarter 4	2001 Quarter 1-3	2001 Quarter 4
Past Month Substance Use
Any Illicit Drug¹		4.9	3.2	6.9	7.0
Marijuana		3.6	2.5	4.9	6.4
Psychotherapeutics²		1.3	0.8	2.0	1.6
Alcohol	a	52.6	57.5	51.4	58.0
Cigarettes		21.2	25.0	23.2	22.1
Mean Number of Days Used Marijuana Among Marijuana Users		10.9	14.7	11.6	11.4
Mean Number of Drinks/Day Among Drinkers		3.6	2.7	2.8	2.6
Mean Number of Binge Days Among Drinkers³		1.5	1.1	1.5	1.7
Mean Number of Days Smoked Among Cigarette Smokers		22.5	23.0	22.1	22.9
Substance Abuse Treatment
Past Month Treatment		0.7	0.1	1.1	0.8
Past Year Treatment		1.1	1.2	1.3	1.6
Currently in Treatment		0.7	*	1.0	0.6
Past Year Mental Health Problems
Distress⁴		--	--	41.7	46.2
Disorder⁴		--	--	15.9	20.9
Mean Number of Distress Symptoms Among Persons with Distress		--	--	3.4	3.5
Mean Number of Disorder Symptoms Among Persons with Disorders		--	--	2.1	2.0
Mental Health Treatment
Past Year Treatment		7.9	8.9	9.6	9.1
Religion
Religious Beliefs Very Important		78.0	73.7	74.1	73.3
*Low precision; no estimate reported. If shown in the significant results column, a contrast was found to be significant; however, since an estimate is suppressed, the specific result is also suppressed. -- Not available. ^a Difference between 2001 Quarter 4 estimate and 2001 Quarters 1-3 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. ^b Difference defined as (2001 Qtr 4 - 2001 Qtr 1-3) - (2000 Qtr 4 - 2000 Qtr 1-3) is statistically significant at .05 level. ¹ Any Illicit Drug includes marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or any prescription-type psychotherapeutic used nonmedically. ² Nonmedical use of any prescription-type pain reliever, tranquilizer, stimulant, or sedative; does not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ "Binge" is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion, i.e., at the same time or within a couple hours of each other. ⁴ See Appendix D. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Household Survey on Drug Abuse, 2000 and 2001.

Table E.9 Percentages and Means for Selected Measures Among Males Aged 12 or Older Living in New York CMSA, by Time Period: 2000 and 2001
Characteristic	Significant Results	TIME PERIOD
Characteristic	Significant Results	2000 Quarter 1-3	2000 Quarter 4	2001 Quarter 1-3	2001 Quarter 4
Past Month Substance Use
Any Illicit Drug¹		6.7	5.8	7.0	10.0
Marijuana	a,b	5.2	4.7	5.1	9.3
Psychotherapeutics²		1.5	1.2	1.7	2.3
Alcohol		54.8	60.3	54.6	61.0
Cigarettes		23.0	19.3	22.7	22.3
Mean Number of Days Used Marijuana Among Marijuana Users		11.1	15.0	12.9	13.7
Mean Number of Drinks/Day Among Drinkers		4.2	3.4	3.3	3.0
Mean Number of Binge Days Among Drinkers³	b	2.0	1.2	2.1	2.4
Mean Number of Days Smoked Among Cigarette Smokers	<