|
Small area estimates were
developed for 26 States and 25 Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSAs). In this
chapter, we present estimates for the number of people affected by each of the
eleven measures of substance abuse behaviors and problems, prevalence rate
estimates, and 95 percent confidence bound charts for the State estimates.
Appendix A presents the values for these confidence bounds. All estimates are
annualized, that is, they represent rates and numbers of users for a single year
based on the average over the three year, 1991-1993, period.
Exhibits 3.1
and 3.2 present the estimates of the numbers of people in each of
the 26 States and 25 MSAs who had the particular characteristic in question. For
example, overall, it is estimated that some 52.4 million people in the US will
have smoked cigarettes in the prior month. For California, the estimate is
approximately 5.6 million cigarette smokers.
Exhibits 3.3
and 3.4 present the corresponding estimates of the percentage of
people with the characteristic, e.g., about 25.5 percent of the US population
were estimated to have smoked cigarettes in the prior month, and the
corresponding estimate for California is about 22.8.
Exhibits 3.5-3.15
shows the 95 percent confidence bounds on the prevalence estimates and orders
the States by prevalence. Appendix C presents the bounds for the
MSAs.
Examining these exhibits, the
following can be noted.
3.1 Cigarette And Alcohol Use
The two most prevalent outcome
measures which were considered for this project were past month use of
cigarettes and alcohol. Unlike some of the illicit drug use and dependence
measures which were constructed
from a respondent= s answers to several questions, these outcome measures
were constructed from the NHSDA using the edited version of the corresponding
single, drug recency-of-use questions.
Cigarette Use in Past Month.
There were an estimated 52.4 million current smokers per year during 1991-1993,
corresponding to a rate of 25.5 percent of Americans age 12 and older. Among the
26 States, rates ranged from 22.6 percent to 31.4 percent. States with the
highest rates of smoking were Kentucky (31.4 percent), West Virginia (30.6
percent), Tennessee (29.5 percent), Ohio (29.2 percent), and South Carolina
(29.0 percent). Minnesota (22.6 percent) and California (22.8 percent) had the
lowest rates of cigarette use in the past month.
Among the 25 MSAs, rates ranged
from 20.2 percent to 27.5 percent. MSAs with the highest rates of smoking were
Boston (27.5 percent), Denver (27.1 percent), Detroit (26.5 percent), San
Antonio (26.1 percent), and Dallas (26.1 percent). Nassau-Suffolk (20.2
percent), El Paso (20.4 percent), and Miami-Hialeah (20.9 percent) had the
lowest rates of cigarette use in the past month.
Alcohol Use in Past Month.
There were an estimated 102.8 million current drinkers per year during
1991-1993, corresponding to a rate of 49.9 percent of Americans age 12 and
older. Among the 26 States, rates ranged from 36.4 percent to 58.7 percent.
States with the highest rates of alcohol use were Minnesota (58.7 percent), New
Jersey (56.4 percent), Wisconsin (55.1 percent), Washington (54.5 percent), and
New York (53.4 percent). West Virginia (36.4 percent), Oklahoma (37.5 percent),
Tennessee (38.2 percent) and Kentucky (38.5 percent) had the lowest rates of
alcohol use in the past month.
Among the 25 MSAs, rates ranged
from 41.2 percent to 65.9 percent. MSAs with the highest rates of alcohol use
were Minneapolis-St. Paul (65.9 percent), Oakland (65.0 percent), Newark (62.2
percent), Boston (61.5 percent), and Nassau-Suffolk (59.6 percent). Tampa-St.
Petersburg (41.2 percent), Miami-Hialeah (44.4 percent), and Baltimore (44.8
percent) had the lowest rates of alcohol use in the past month.
3.2 Illicit Drug Use
The three illicit drug use
measures considered in this research included past month use of cocaine, any
illicit drug and any illicit drug except marijuana. Like past month use of
alcohol and cigarettes, past month use of cocaine was estimated from the NHSDA
data using an edited version of the corresponding, single recency-of-use
question. Any illicit drug use as well as the use of any illicit drug except
marijuana were established using edited versions of several NHSDA recency-of-use
responses, including most recent use of hallucinogens, heroin, cocaine,
inhalants, marijuana and the nonmedical use of sedatives, tranquilizers,
stimulants or analgesics.
Any Illicit Drug Use In Past
Month.
Estimates for any illicit drug use in
past month are presented in the third columns of Exhibits 3.1-3.4 (located at
the end of Section 3). There were an estimated 12.0 million past month illicit
drug users during 1991-1993, corresponding to a rate of 5.8 percent of Americans
age 12 and older. Among the 26 States, rates ranged from 4.1 percent to 8.2
percent. States with the highest rates of drug use were California (8.2
percent), New Mexico (7.8 percent), Oregon (7.1 percent), and Oklahoma (7.0
percent). Wisconsin (4.1 percent), West Virginia (4.2 percent) and Louisiana
(4.4 percent) had the lowest rates of illicit drug use in the past month.
Among the 25 MSAs, rates ranged
from 3.6 percent to 11.4 percent. MSAs with the highest rates of drug use were
Oakland (11.4 percent, nearly twice as large as the national rate),
Anaheim-Santa Ana (8.8 percent), Denver (8.3 percent), San Bernardino (7.4
percent), and San Diego (7.1 percent). El Paso (3.6 percent), Miami-Hialeah (3.8
percent), and Houston (4.0 percent) had the lowest rates of illicit drug use in
the past month.
Use of Any Illicit Drug Other Than
Marijuana In Past Month. Estimates for
any illicit drug use other than marijuana in the past month showed that
1991-1993, there were an estimated 5.0 million people who used an illicit drug,
other than marijuana, in the past month. This corresponds to a rate of 2.4
percent of Americans age 12 and older. Among the 26 States, rates ranged from
1.4 percent to 4.2 percent. States with the highest rates of drug use were
Oklahoma (4.2 percent), California (3.9 percent), and New Mexico (3.5 percent).
Minnesota (1.4 percent) and West Virginia (1.4 percent) had the lowest rates of
illicit drug use other than marijuana in the past month.
Among the 25 MSAs, rates ranged
from 1.4 percent to 5.1 percent. MSAs with the highest rates of drug use (other
than marijuana) were Oakland (5.1 percent, again nearly twice as large as the
national rate), Anaheim-Santa Ana (4.9 percent), San Bernardino (4.6 percent),
Phoenix (4.0 percent), and San Diego (3.6 percent). Detroit (1.4 percent),
Minneapolis-St. Paul (1.5 percent), and Baltimore (1.8 percent) had the lowest
rates of illicit drug use other than marijuana in the past month.
Use of Cocaine In Past Month.
Estimates for the use of cocaine in the past month are presented in the last
column of the section on illicit substance use in Exhibits 3.1- 3.4. There were
an estimated 1.6 million past month cocaine users during 1991-1993,
corresponding to a rate of 0.8 percent of Americans age 12 and older. Among the
26 States, rates ranged from 0.3 percent to 1.5 percent. States with high rates
were Virginia (1.3 percent), New Jersey (1.0), California (1.0 percent), and
Tennessee (1.0 percent). Minnesota (0.3 percent), Oregon (0.4 percent) and
Kentucky (0.4 percent) had the lowest rates of cocaine use in the past month.
Among the 25 MSAs, rates ranged
from 0.4 percent to 1.5 percent. MSAs with the highest rates of cocaine use were
Oakland (1.5 percent), Newark (1.4 percent), Anaheim-Santa Ana (1.2 percent),
New York (1.1 percent), and Dallas (1.1 percent). Minneapolis-St. Paul (0.4
percent) and Nassau-Suffolk (0.4 percent) had the lowest rates of cocaine use in
the past month.
3.3 Dependence On Substances
Two past year dependence measures
were considered for this research: dependent on illicit drugs and dependent on
alcohol only (and not dependent on illicit drugs) in the past year. These
dependence measures were determined based on an algorithm developed for the
NHSDA that approximates the DSM-III-R definition of dependence using the limited
set of items included in the NHSDA that address the DSM-III-R criteria. (See
Appendix A)
Dependent On Illicit Drugs In Past
Year.
Estimates for dependence on illicit
drugs in the past year are presented in column six of Exhibits 3.1- 3.4. There
were an estimated 2.5 million people per year dependent on illicit drugs during
1991-1993, corresponding to a rate of 1.2 percent of Americans age 12 and older.
Among the 26 States, rates ranged from 0.8 percent to 2.0 percent. States with
the highest rates of dependence on illicit drugs were Oregon (2.0 percent),
Washington (2.0 percent) and California (1.9). West Virginia (0.8 percent),
Pennsylvania (0.9 percent), Illinois (0.9 percent), Kentucky (0.9 percent),
Tennessee (0.9 percent), and Florida (0.9 percent) had the lowest rates of
dependence on illicit drugs in the past year.
Among the 25 MSAs, rates ranged
from 0.7 percent to 3.0 percent. MSAs with the highest rates of dependence on
illicit drugs were Oakland (3.0 percent), Anaheim-Santa Ana (2.2 percent),
Houston (2.1 percent), and San Bernardino (2.1 percent). Miami-Hialeah (0.7
percent) and El Paso (0.8 percent) had the lowest rates of dependence on illicit
drugs in the past year.
Dependent On Alcohol, Without
Illicit Drugs, In Past Year.
There were an estimated 6.4 million people per year dependent on alcohol only
during 1991-1993, corresponding to a rate of 3.1 percent of Americans age 12 and
older. Among the 26 States, rates ranged from 2.0 percent to 4.9 percent. States
with the highest rates of dependence on alcohol were California (4.9 percent),
Oklahoma (4.0 percent), and Louisiana (3.9 percent). New York (2.0 percent),
Kentucky (2.1 percent), Tennessee (2.1 percent), and West Virginia (2.1 percent)
had the lowest rates of dependence on alcohol, without illicit drugs, in the
past year.
Among the 25 MSAs, rates ranged
from 1.1 percent to 7.1 percent. MSAs with the highest rates of dependence on
alcohol were Los Angeles (7.1 percent), Anaheim-Santa Ana (6.0 percent), Denver
(4.6 percent), Atlanta (4.5 percent), and Boston (4.4 percent). Nassau-Suffolk
(1.1 percent) and New York (1.8 percent) had the lowest rates of dependence on
alcohol, without illicit drugs, in the past year.
3.4 Treatment For Substance Abuse
Three measures of treatment were
considered for this research. Similar to the dependence measures above, two of
the measures included receiving treatment for illicit drugs in the past year and
receiving treatment for alcohol without illicit drugs, in the past year. Both of
these outcome measures were constructed from edited versions of single questions
from the NHSDA questionnaire. The third treatment, outcome measure considered
was needing treatment for drug abuse in the past year. This needing-treatment
outcome measure was constructed from edited responses to several NHSDA
questions.
Had Treatment For Illicit Drugs In
Past Year.
There were an estimated 1.4 million
people per year who had treatment for illicit drugs during 1991-1993,
corresponding to a rate of 0.7 percent of Americans age 12 and older. Among the
26 States, rates ranged from 0.5 percent to 1.0 percent. The highest rates of
treatment for illicit drugs were in California (1.0 percent), Oregon (0.9
percent) and Oklahoma (0.9 percent). West Virginia (0.5 percent), Indiana (0.5
percent), South Carolina (0.5 percent), and Illinois (0.5 percent) had the
lowest rates of treatment for illicit drugs in the past year.
Among the 25 MSAs, rates ranged
from 0.5 percent to 1.4 percent. MSAs with the highest rates of treatment for
illicit drugs were Oakland (1.4 percent), San Bernardino (1.1 percent),
Anaheim-Santa Ana (1.0 percent), and Boston (1.0 percent). Chicago (0.5 percent)
and San Antonio (0.5 percent) had the lowest rates of treatment for illicit
drugs in the past year.
Had Treatment For Alcohol, Without
Illicit Drugs, In Past Year.
There were an estimated 1.4 million people per year who had treatment for
alcohol during 1991-1993, corresponding to a rate of 0.7 percent of Americans
age 12 and older. Among the 26 States, rates ranged from 0.4 percent to 1.5
percent. The highest rates of treatment for alcohol were in Oklahoma (1.5
percent), New Mexico (0.9 percent) and Kansas (0.9 percent). New York (0.4
percent), Georgia (0.5 percent), and Kentucky (0.5 percent), North Carolina (0.5
percent), Washington (0.5 percent), and Tennessee (0.5 percent) had the lowest
rates of treatment for alcohol, without illicit drugs, in the past year.
Among the 25 MSAs, rates ranged
from 0.3 percent to 2.2 percent. MSAs with the highest rates of treatment for
alcohol were Boston (2.2 percent), Oakland (2.1 percent), and San Bernardino
(1.2 percent). New York (0.3 percent), Atlanta (0.4 percent), Tampa-St.
Petersburg (0.4 percent), and San Antonio (0.4 percent) had the lowest rates of
treatment for alcohol, without illicit drugs, in the past year.
Needed Treatment For Illicit Drugs
In Past Year. There were an estimated
5.9 million people per year who needed treatment for illicit drugs during
1991-1993, corresponding to a rate of 2.9 percent of Americans age 12 and older.
Among the 26 States, rates ranged from 2.0 percent to 4.2 percent. The highest
rates of needing treatment for illicit drugs were in California (4.2 percent),
Georgia (3.8 percent), and Oklahoma (3.8 percent). Indiana (2.0 percent), New
Jersey (2.0 percent), Tennessee (2.1 percent), and South Carolina (2.1 percent)
had the lowest rates of needed treatment for illicit drugs in the past year.
Among the 25 MSAs, rates ranged
from 1.9 percent to 5.2 percent. MSAs with the highest rates of needed treatment
for illicit drugs were Oakland (5.2 percent), Atlanta (4.8 percent), and
Anaheim-Santa Ana (4.4 percent). Nassau-Suffolk (1.9 percent), Newark (1.9
percent), and Tampa-St. Petersburg (2.1 percent) had the lowest rates of needed
treatment for illicit drugs in the past year.
3.5 Arrested For Any Crime In Past Year
Estimates for those people
arrested for any crime in the past year are presented in the last column of
Exhibits 3.1 - 3.4. This outcome measure refers to people who have been arrested
and booked for breaking a law in the past 12 months, as was derived from an
edited response to a single question in the NHSDA questionnaire. There were an
estimated 3.7 million people arrested during 1991-1993, corresponding to a rate
of 1.8 percent of Americans age 12 and older. Among the 26 States, rates ranged
from 1.3 percent to 2.6 percent. States with the highest rates of arrests were
New Mexico (2.6 percent), Georgia (2.5 percent), and Kansas (2.4 percent).
Pennsylvania (1.3 percent), West Virginia (1.3 percent), New York (1.3 percent)
and New Jersey (1.3 percent) had the lowest rates of arrests for any crime in
the past year.
Among the 25 MSAs, rates ranged
from 0.8 percent to 2.4 percent. MSAs with the highest rates of arrests were San
Bernardino (2.4 percent), Denver (2.3 percent), San Diego (2.2 percent), and St.
Louis (2.1 percent). New York (0.8 percent) and Nassau-Suffolk (1.1 percent) had
the lowest rates of arrests for any crime in the past year.
Exhibit 3.1A- - Estimated Number
of Persons Aged 12 and Older (In Thousands) Using Substances for 26 States:
1991-93.*
|
State |
Licit Substance Use In Past Month |
Illicit Substance Use
In Past Month |
|
Cigarette Use |
Alcohol Use |
Any Illicit Drug Use |
Any Illicit
But Marijuana Use |
Cocaine Use |
|
Total United States |
52,444 |
102,802 |
12,015 |
5,031 |
1,647 |
|
North East Region |
|
|
|
|
|
|
New Jersey |
1,581 |
3,631 |
348 |
122 |
65 |
|
New York |
3,534 |
7,948 |
959 |
352 |
122 |
|
Pennsylvania |
2,672 |
5,203 |
505 |
203 |
59 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
South Region |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Florida |
2,744 |
5,164 |
557 |
225 |
78 |
|
Georgia |
1,433 |
2,454 |
317 |
111 |
32 |
|
Kentucky |
960 |
1,174 |
138 |
51 |
14 |
|
Louisiana |
872 |
1,551 |
148 |
68 |
27 |
|
North Carolina |
1,501 |
2,468 |
330 |
101 |
33 |
|
Oklahoma |
690 |
962 |
178 |
106 |
14 |
|
South Carolina |
851 |
1,280 |
147 |
49 |
19 |
|
Tennessee |
1,215 |
1,573 |
187 |
79 |
39 |
|
Texas |
3,601 |
6,724 |
767 |
308 |
108 |
|
Virginia |
1,307 |
2,514 |
290 |
141 |
65 |
|
West Virginia |
458 |
545 |
63 |
21 |
8 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
North Central Region |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Illinois |
2,434 |
4,749 |
435 |
182 |
65 |
|
Indiana |
1,123 |
2,039 |
206 |
85 |
23 |
|
Kansas |
485 |
1,057 |
101 |
64 |
15 |
|
Michigan |
2,052 |
3,978 |
420 |
118 |
47 |
|
Minnesota |
807 |
2,098 |
165 |
49 |
12 |
|
Missouri |
1,065 |
2,134 |
210 |
119 |
38 |
|
Ohio |
2,612 |
4,372 |
481 |
226 |
70 |
|
Wisconsin |
945 |
2,215 |
164 |
78 |
34 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
West Region |
|
|
|
|
|
|
California |
5,559 |
12,877 |
2,004 |
951 |
237 |
|
New Mexico |
341 |
597 |
93 |
43 |
10 |
|
Oregon |
612 |
1,253 |
170 |
79 |
9 |
|
Washington |
971 |
2,230 |
248 |
131 |
19 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
*All estimates are annualized and represent the number of users
for a single year averaged over the three-year period.
Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Household
Survey on Drug Abuse. Model-based estimates using 1991-1993 NHSDA data.
Exhibit 3.1B- - Estimated Number of Persons Aged 12 and Older (In Thousands)
Exhibiting Substance Abuse Problems for 26 States: 1991-93.*
|
State |
Past Year Dependence |
Past Year Treatment |
Past Year Arrest |
|
Dependent On Illicit Drugs |
Dependent On Alcohol
But Not
Illicit Drugs |
Received Treatment For Illicit Drug Use |
Received Treatment For Alcohol Use
But Not
Illicit Drug Use |
Needed Treatment For Illicit Drug Use |
|
Total United States |
2,549 |
6,350 |
1,447 |
1,429 |
5,877 |
3,689 |
|
North East Region |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
New Jersey |
81 |
160 |
44 |
41 |
131 |
87 |
|
New York |
162 |
301 |
95 |
62 |
367 |
196 |
|
Pennsylvania |
87 |
275 |
55 |
68 |
217 |
128 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
South Region |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Florida |
105 |
266 |
78 |
65 |
277 |
181 |
|
Georgia |
66 |
197 |
39 |
25 |
206 |
136 |
|
Kentucky |
28 |
63 |
17 |
15 |
69 |
51 |
|
Louisiana |
34 |
133 |
22 |
20 |
94 |
79 |
|
North Carolina |
64 |
144 |
36 |
28 |
136 |
95 |
|
Oklahoma |
39 |
104 |
22 |
38 |
97 |
35 |
|
South Carolina |
35 |
89 |
15 |
16 |
63 |
53 |
|
Tennessee |
38 |
85 |
25 |
22 |
86 |
87 |
|
Texas |
202 |
463 |
84 |
95 |
421 |
254 |
|
Virginia |
58 |
158 |
34 |
32 |
152 |
80 |
|
West Virginia |
13 |
32 |
7 |
11 |
32 |
19 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
North Central Region |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Illinois |
82 |
289 |
50 |
62 |
218 |
162 |
|
Indiana |
45 |
98 |
24 |
30 |
91 |
105 |
|
Kansas |
23 |
70 |
13 |
17 |
55 |
48 |
|
Michigan |
82 |
256 |
58 |
53 |
232 |
151 |
|
Minnesota |
36 |
112 |
30 |
29 |
78 |
60 |
|
Missouri |
43 |
91 |
30 |
29 |
138 |
89 |
|
Ohio |
86 |
244 |
63 |
72 |
229 |
202 |
|
Wisconsin |
40 |
118 |
25 |
24 |
97 |
62 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
West Region |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
California |
464 |
1,186 |
236 |
198 |
1,029 |
524 |
|
New Mexico |
19 |
44 |
9 |
11 |
40 |
32 |
|
Oregon |
48 |
66 |
22 |
15 |
53 |
45 |
|
Washington |
80 |
144 |
35 |
21 |
145 |
78 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
*All estimates are annualized and represent the number of users
for a single year averaged over the three-year period.
Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Household
Survey on Drug Abuse. Model-based estimates using 1991-1993 NHSDA data.
Exhibit 3.2A - - Estimated Number of
Persons Aged 12 and Older (In Thousands) Using Substances for 25 MSAs: 1991-93.*
|
MSA |
Licit Substance Use
In Past Month |
Illicit Substance Use
In Past Month |
|
Cigarette
Use |
Alcohol
Use |
Any Illicit
Drug Use |
Any Illicit
But Marijuana Use |
Cocaine
Use |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Anaheim-Santa Ana, CA |
419 |
1,043 |
176 |
97 |
25 |
|
Atlanta, GA |
575 |
1,236 |
142 |
47 |
14 |
|
Baltimore, MD |
498 |
895 |
100 |
36 |
14 |
|
Boston, MA |
865 |
1,934 |
212 |
81 |
30 |
|
Chicago, IL |
1,232 |
2,681 |
275 |
117 |
47 |
|
Dallas, TX |
550 |
1,065 |
121 |
51 |
22 |
|
Denver, CO |
365 |
786 |
112 |
40 |
14 |
|
Detroit, MI |
953 |
1,946 |
197 |
50 |
22 |
|
El Paso, TX |
93 |
209 |
16 |
8 |
2 |
|
Houston, TX |
667 |
1,355 |
108 |
65 |
16 |
|
Los Angeles, CA |
1,555 |
3,517 |
476 |
194 |
65 |
|
Miami-Hialeah, FL |
334 |
710 |
60 |
36 |
14 |
|
Minneapolis-St. Paul, MN |
461 |
1,341 |
106 |
31 |
7 |
|
Nassau-Suffolk, NY |
440 |
1,298 |
143 |
43 |
8 |
|
New York, NY |
1,640 |
3,461 |
425 |
170 |
75 |
|
Newark, NJ |
361 |
932 |
93 |
29 |
21 |
|
Oakland, CA |
403 |
1,123 |
197 |
88 |
25 |
|
Philadelphia, PA-NJ |
1,045 |
2,387 |
231 |
90 |
26 |
|
Phoenix, AZ |
440 |
951 |
121 |
71 |
18 |
|
San Antonio, TX |
271 |
566 |
45 |
23 |
8 |
|
San Bernardino, CA |
495 |
1,042 |
158 |
98 |
14 |
|
San Diego, CA |
465 |
1,025 |
148 |
75 |
19 |
|
St. Louis, MO-IL |
507 |
1,104 |
104 |
51 |
19 |
|
Tampa-St. Petersburg, FL |
466 |
751 |
96 |
37 |
10 |
|
Washington, DC |
756 |
1,800 |
180 |
86 |
34 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
*All estimates are annualized and represent
the number of users for a single year averaged over the three-year period.
Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Household
Survey on Drug Abuse. Model-based estimates using 1991-1993 NHSDA data.
Exhibit 3.2B - - Estimated
Number of Persons Aged 12 and Older (In Thousands) Exhibiting Substance
Abuse Problems for 25 MSAs: 1991-93.*
|
MSA |
Past Year Dependence |
Past Year Treatment |
Past Year Arrest |
|
Dependent On Illicit Drugs |
Dependent On Alcohol
But Not
Illicit Drugs |
Received Treatment For Illicit Drug Use |
Received Treatment For Alcohol Use But
Not
Illicit Drug Use |
Needed Treatment For Illicit Drug Use |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Anaheim-Santa Ana, CA |
43 |
120 |
20 |
11 |
89 |
31 |
|
Atlanta, GA |
30 |
108 |
18 |
9 |
117 |
42 |
|
Baltimore, MD |
18 |
43 |
12 |
9 |
45 |
26 |
|
Boston, MA |
53 |
138 |
30 |
69 |
122 |
52 |
|
Chicago, IL |
45 |
172 |
27 |
36 |
137 |
75 |
|
Dallas, TX |
35 |
70 |
14 |
10 |
52 |
33 |
|
Denver, CO |
17 |
61 |
9 |
13 |
52 |
30 |
|
Detroit, MI |
42 |
129 |
28 |
18 |
129 |
63 |
|
El Paso, TX |
4 |
17 |
3 |
2 |
11 |
7 |
|
Houston, TX |
56 |
52 |
22 |
19 |
103 |
41 |
|
Los Angeles, CA |
107 |
508 |
54 |
36 |
288 |
132 |
|
Miami-Hialeah, FL |
12 |
33 |
9 |
8 |
35 |
20 |
|
Minneapolis-St. Paul, MN |
23 |
70 |
19 |
19 |
49 |
36 |
|
Nassau-Suffolk, NY |
22 |
24 |
14 |
11 |
41 |
25 |
|
New York, NY |
66 |
125 |
47 |
18 |
177 |
56 |
|
Newark, NJ |
21 |
38 |
13 |
12 |
28 |
21 |
|
Oakland, CA |
51 |
67 |
24 |
36 |
90 |
33 |
|
Philadelphia, PA-NJ |
40 |
114 |
33 |
25 |
121 |
55 |
|
Phoenix, AZ |
27 |
64 |
12 |
12 |
56 |
26 |
|
San Antonio, TX |
14 |
26 |
5 |
4 |
30 |
17 |
|
San Bernardino, CA |
44 |
83 |
24 |
25 |
81 |
51 |
|
San Diego, CA |
29 |
62 |
15 |
11 |
67 |
45 |
|
St. Louis, MO-IL |
19 |
49 |
15 |
12 |
55 |
42 |
|
Tampa-St. Petersburg, FL |
18 |
38 |
12 |
8 |
38 |
26 |
|
Washington, DC |
36 |
120 |
19 |
29 |
89 |
45 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
*All estimates are annualized and represent the number of users
for a single year averaged over the three-year period.
Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Household
Survey on Drug Abuse. Model-based estimates using 1991-1993 NHSDA data.
Exhibit 3.3A - - Estimated
Percentage of Population Aged 12 and Older Using Substances for 26 States:
1991-93.*
|
State |
Licit Substance Use In Past Month |
Illicit Substance Use
In Past Month |
|
Cigarette Use |
Alcohol
Use |
Any Illicit Drug Use |
Any Illicit
But Marijuana Use |
Cocaine Use |
|
Total United States |
25.46 |
49.92 |
5.83 |
2.44 |
0.80 |
|
North East Region |
|
|
|
|
|
|
New Jersey |
24.54 |
56.36 |
5.40 |
1.89 |
1.01 |
|
New York |
23.73 |
53.37 |
6.44 |
2.37 |
0.82 |
|
Pennsylvania |
26.87 |
52.32 |
5.07 |
2.04 |
0.59 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
South Region |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Florida |
24.36 |
45.84 |
4.95 |
1.99 |
0.69 |
|
Georgia |
26.34 |
45.10 |
5.82 |
2.04 |
0.59 |
|
Kentucky |
31.44 |
38.45 |
4.53 |
1.66 |
0.44 |
|
Louisiana |
25.73 |
45.79 |
4.38 |
2.01 |
0.81 |
|
North Carolina |
26.60 |
43.76 |
5.85 |
1.79 |
0.59 |
|
Oklahoma |
26.93 |
37.52 |
6.96 |
4.15 |
0.56 |
|
South Carolina |
28.95 |
43.56 |
4.99 |
1.66 |
0.66 |
|
Tennessee |
29.51 |
38.20 |
4.53 |
1.91 |
0.96 |
|
Texas |
26.19 |
48.90 |
5.57 |
2.24 |
0.79 |
|
Virginia |
25.01 |
48.09 |
5.55 |
2.71 |
1.25 |
|
West Virginia |
30.63 |
36.40 |
4.23 |
1.41 |
0.56 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
North Central Region |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Illinois |
25.96 |
50.64 |
4.64 |
1.94 |
0.69 |
|
Indiana |
24.52 |
44.50 |
4.49 |
1.85 |
0.50 |
|
Kansas |
24.15 |
52.56 |
5.01 |
3.19 |
0.77 |
|
Michigan |
26.95 |
52.23 |
5.52 |
1.55 |
0.61 |
|
Minnesota |
22.57 |
58.68 |
4.62 |
1.38 |
0.32 |
|
Missouri |
25.22 |
50.52 |
4.98 |
2.82 |
0.89 |
|
Ohio |
29.19 |
48.87 |
5.37 |
2.52 |
0.78 |
|
Wisconsin |
23.51 |
55.07 |
4.07 |
1.93 |
0.84 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
West Region |
|
|
|
|
|
|
California |
22.84 |
52.90 |
8.23 |
3.91 |
0.97 |
|
New Mexico |
28.42 |
49.82 |
7.76 |
3.54 |
0.85 |
|
Oregon |
25.53 |
52.29 |
7.08 |
3.31 |
0.38 |
|
Washington |
23.73 |
54.48 |
6.07 |
3.20 |
0.46 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
*All estimates are annualized and represent prevalence rates
(percent) for a single year averaged over the three-year period.
Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Household
Survey on Drug Abuse. Model-based estimates using 1991-1993 NHSDA data.
Exhibit 3.3B - - Estimated
Percentage of Population Aged 12 and Older with Substance Abuse Problems
for 26 States: 1991-93.*
|
State |
Past Year Dependence |
Past Year Treatment |
Past Year Arrest |
|
Dependent On Illicit Drugs |
Dependent On Alcohol
But Not
Illicit Drugs |
Received Treatment For Illicit Drug Use |
Received Treatment For Alcohol Use
But Not
Illicit Drug Use |
Needed Treatment For Illicit Drug Use |
|
Total United States |
1.24 |
3.08 |
0.70 |
0.69 |
2.85 |
1.79 |
|
North East Region |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
New Jersey |
1.26 |
2.48 |
0.68 |
0.64 |
2.03 |
1.35 |
|
New York |
1.09 |
2.02 |
0.64 |
0.41 |
2.46 |
1.32 |
|
Pennsylvania |
0.88 |
2.76 |
0.56 |
0.69 |
2.19 |
1.28 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
South Region |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Florida |
0.93 |
2.36 |
0.69 |
0.58 |
2.46 |
1.61 |
|
Georgia |
1.21 |
3.61 |
0.71 |
0.45 |
3.78 |
2.49 |
|
Kentucky |
0.90 |
2.06 |
0.57 |
0.48 |
2.27 |
1.67 |
|
Louisiana |
0.99 |
3.93 |
0.64 |
0.59 |
2.77 |
2.32 |
|
North Carolina |
1.14 |
2.55 |
0.64 |
0.50 |
2.40 |
1.68 |
|
Oklahoma |
1.50 |
4.05 |
0.86 |
1.49 |
3.77 |
1.37 |
|
South Carolina |
1.18 |
3.01 |
0.53 |
0.55 |
2.14 |
1.80 |
|
Tennessee |
0.91 |
2.06 |
0.60 |
0.53 |
2.08 |
2.10 |
|
Texas |
1.47 |
3.37 |
0.61 |
0.69 |
3.06 |
1.84 |
|
Virginia |
1.11 |
3.03 |
0.65 |
0.61 |
2.91 |
1.54 |
|
West Virginia |
0.84 |
2.12 |
0.49 |
0.73 |
2.15 |
1.29 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
North Central Region |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Illinois |
0.88 |
3.08 |
0.54 |
0.66 |
2.32 |
1.72 |
|
Indiana |
0.97 |
2.15 |
0.52 |
0.66 |
1.98 |
2.30 |
|
Kansas |
1.13 |
3.51 |
0.66 |
0.86 |
2.73 |
2.40 |
|
Michigan |
1.08 |
3.36 |
0.76 |
0.70 |
3.05 |
1.99 |
|
Minnesota |
1.00 |
3.12 |
0.84 |
0.80 |
2.19 |
1.67 |
|
Missouri |
1.03 |
2.16 |
0.70 |
0.68 |
3.26 |
2.10 |
|
Ohio |
0.96 |
2.73 |
0.70 |
0.81 |
2.56 |
2.25 |
|
Wisconsin |
0.98 |
2.95 |
0.61 |
0.59 |
2.41 |
1.53 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
West Region |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
California |
1.91 |
4.87 |
0.97 |
0.81 |
4.23 |
2.15 |
|
New Mexico |
1.62 |
3.66 |
0.77 |
0.92 |
3.30 |
2.63 |
|
Oregon |
1.99 |
2.75 |
0.90 |
0.61 |
2.22 |
1.88 |
|
Washington |
1.96 |
3.51 |
0.85 |
0.51 |
3.55 |
1.91 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
*All estimates are annualized and represent prevalence rates
(percent) for a single year averaged over the three-year period.
Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Household
Survey on Drug Abuse. Model-based estimates using 1991-1993 NHSDA data.
Exhibit 3.4A - - Estimated
Percentage of Population Aged 12 and Older Using Substances for 25 MSAs:
1991-93*
|
MSA |
Licit Substance Use
In Past Month |
Illicit Substance Use
In Past Month |
|
Cigarette
Use |
Alcohol
Use |
Any Illicit Drug Use |
Any Illicit
But Marijuana Use |
Cocaine Use |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Anaheim-Santa Ana, CA |
21.01 |
52.25 |
8.82 |
4.85 |
1.23 |
|
Atlanta, GA |
23.70 |
50.98 |
5.86 |
1.95 |
0.56 |
|
Baltimore, MD |
24.96 |
44.84 |
5.03 |
1.80 |
0.70 |
|
Boston, MA |
27.51 |
61.51 |
6.73 |
2.57 |
0.94 |
|
Chicago, IL |
24.73 |
53.82 |
5.53 |
2.34 |
0.94 |
|
Dallas, TX |
25.95 |
50.23 |
5.69 |
2.38 |
1.05 |
|
Denver, CO |
27.13 |
58.42 |
8.30 |
2.94 |
1.01 |
|
Detroit, MI |
26.52 |
54.17 |
5.50 |
1.38 |
0.60 |
|
El Paso, TX |
20.41 |
45.85 |
3.58 |
1.85 |
0.53 |
|
Houston, TX |
25.07 |
50.94 |
4.05 |
2.43 |
0.60 |
|
Los Angeles, CA |
21.82 |
49.34 |
6.68 |
2.72 |
0.90 |
|
Miami-Hialeah, FL |
20.88 |
44.40 |
3.75 |
2.26 |
0.89 |
|
Minneapolis-St. Paul, MN |
22.64 |
65.87 |
5.19 |
1.51 |
0.36 |
|
Nassau-Suffolk, NY |
20.22 |
59.60 |
6.57 |
1.99 |
0.37 |
|
New York, NY |
23.15 |
48.84 |
5.99 |
2.40 |
1.06 |
|
Newark, NJ |
24.10 |
62.17 |
6.20 |
1.91 |
1.37 |
|
Oakland, CA |
23.33 |
65.02 |
11.39 |
5.11 |
1.47 |
|
Philadelphia, PA-NJ |
25.89 |
59.13 |
5.72 |
2.22 |
0.64 |
|
Phoenix, AZ |
24.83 |
53.69 |
6.82 |
3.99 |
1.01 |
|
San Antonio, TX |
26.09 |
54.43 |
4.35 |
2.17 |
0.78 |
|
San Bernardino, CA |
23.32 |
49.12 |
7.42 |
4.60 |
0.64 |
|
San Diego, CA |
22.25 |
49.08 |
7.07 |
3.59 |
0.93 |
|
St. Louis, MO-IL |
25.27 |
55.02 |
5.19 |
2.53 |
0.95 |
|
Tampa-St. Petersburg, FL |
25.55 |
41.22 |
5.27 |
2.03 |
0.57 |
|
Washington, DC |
22.61 |
53.82 |
5.38 |
2.58 |
1.03 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
*All estimates are annualized and represent prevalence rates
(percent) for a single year averaged over the three-year period.
Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Household
Survey on Drug Abuse. Model-based estimates using 1991-1993 NHSDA data.
Exhibit 3.4B - - Estimated Percentage of Population
Aged 12 and Older with Substance Abuse Problems for 25 MSAs 1991-93.*
|
MSA |
Past Year Dependence |
Past Year Treatment |
Past Year Arrest |
|
Dependent On Illicit Drugs |
Dependent On Alcohol
But Not
Illicit Drugs |
Received Treatment For Illicit Drug Use |
Received Treatment For Alcohol Use But
Not
Illicit Drug Use |
Needed Treatment For Illicit Drug Use |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Anaheim-Santa Ana, CA |
2.17 |
6.01 |
1.01 |
0.55 |
4.45 |
1.53 |
|
Atlanta, GA |
1.24 |
4.47 |
0.74 |
0.38 |
4.83 |
1.74 |
|
Baltimore, MD |
0.89 |
2.15 |
0.58 |
0.45 |
2.28 |
1.30 |
|
Boston, MA |
1.68 |
4.38 |
0.97 |
2.18 |
3.88 |
1.66 |
|
Chicago, IL |
0.89 |
3.46 |
0.53 |
0.71 |
2.75 |
1.51 |
|
Dallas, TX |
1.63 |
3.31 |
0.65 |
0.45 |
2.47 |
1.55 |
|
Denver, CO |
1.26 |
4.57 |
0.63 |
0.96 |
3.83 |
2.26 |
|
Detroit, MI |
1.18 |
3.59 |
0.78 |
0.51 |
3.58 |
1.77 |
|
El Paso, TX |
0.79 |
3.66 |
0.55 |
0.53 |
2.50 |
1.62 |
|
Houston, TX |
2.10 |
1.96 |
0.81 |
0.71 |
3.86 |
1.56 |
|
Los Angeles, CA |
1.50 |
7.13 |
0.75 |
0.50 |
4.04 |
1.85 |
|
Miami-Hialeah, FL |
0.74 |
2.04 |
0.56 |
0.48 |
2.16 |
1.22 |
|
Minneapolis-St. Paul, MN |
1.15 |
3.45 |
0.93 |
0.93 |
2.38 |
1.77 |
|
Nassau-Suffolk, NY |
1.00 |
1.10 |
0.64 |
0.50 |
1.87 |
1.14 |
|
New York, NY |
0.94 |
1.77 |
0.66 |
0.26 |
2.50 |
0.79 |
|
Newark, NJ |
1.43 |
2.50 |
0.89 |
0.77 |
1.90 |
1.40 |
|
Oakland, CA |
2.98 |
3.88 |
1.37 |
2.07 |
5.22 |
1.94 |
|
Philadelphia, PA-NJ |
0.98 |
2.82 |
0.82 |
0.61 |
2.99 |
1.37 |
|
Phoenix, AZ |
1.55 |
3.61 |
0.65 |
0.67 |
3.14 |
1.48 |
|
San Antonio, TX |
1.38 |
2.53 |
0.53 |
0.42 |
2.90 |
1.60 |
|
San Bernardino, CA |
2.09 |
3.92 |
1.15 |
1.19 |
3.84 |
2.41 |
|
San Diego, CA |
1.38 |
2.99 |
0.74 |
0.52 |
3.19 |
2.18 |
|
St. Louis, MO-IL |
0.96 |
2.46 |
0.74 |
0.62 |
2.75 |
2.09 |
|
Tampa-St. Petersburg, FL |
0.98 |
2.10 |
0.66 |
0.41 |
2.08 |
1.44 |
|
Washington, DC |
1.07 |
3.59 |
0.56 |
0.87 |
2.66 |
1.33 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
*All estimates are annualized and represent prevalence rates
(percent) for a single year averaged over the three-year period.
Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Household
Survey on Drug Abuse. Model-based estimates using 1991-1993 NHSDA data.
Exhibit 3.5 - - 95% Confidence
Bounds for Percent of Population Aged 12 and Older with Past Month Cigarette
Use Within 26 States.
Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Household
Survey on Drug Abuse. Model-based estimates using 1991-1993 NHSDA data.
Exhibit 3.6 -
- 95% Confidence Bounds for Percent of Population Aged 12 and Older
with Past Month Alcohol Use Within 26 States.
Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Household
Survey on Drug Abuse. Model-based estimates using 1991-1993 NHSDA data.
Exhibit 3.7 - - 95%
Confidence Bounds for Percent of Population Aged 12 and Older with Past
Month Any Illicit Drug Use Within 26 States.
Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Household
Survey on Drug Abuse. Model-based estimates using 1991-1993 NHSDA data.
Exhibit 3.8 - - 95% Confidence
Bounds for Percent of Population Aged 12 and Older with Past Month Use of
Any Illicit Drug Except Marijuana Within 26 States.
Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Household
Survey on Drug Abuse. Model-based estimates using 1991-1993 NHSDA data.
Exhibit 3.9 - - 95% Confidence
Bounds for Percent of Population Aged 12 and Older with Past Month Cocaine
Use Within 26 States.
Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Household
Survey on Drug Abuse. Model-based estimates using 1991-1993 NHSDA data.
Exhibit 3.10 - - 95% Confidence
Bounds for Percent of Population Aged 12 and Older with Past Year Dependency
on Illicit Drugs Within 26 States.
Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Household
Survey on Drug Abuse. Model-based estimates using 1991-1993 NHSDA data.
Exhibit 3.11 - - 95%
Confidence Bounds for Percent of Population Aged 12 and Older with Past
Year Dependency on Alcohol Within 26 States.
Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Household
Survey on Drug Abuse. Model-based estimates using 1991-1993 NHSDA data.
Exhibit 3.12 - - 95% Confidence
Bounds for Percent of Population Aged 12 and Older with Past Year Illicit
Drug Use Treatment Within 26 States.
Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Household
Survey on Drug Abuse. Model-based estimates using 1991-1993 NHSDA data.
Exhibit 3.13 - - 95% Confidence
Bounds for Percent of Population Aged 12 and Older with Past Year Alcohol
Treatment Within 26 States.
Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Household
Survey on Drug Abuse. Model-based estimates using 1991-1993 NHSDA data.
Exhibit 3.14 - - 95% Confidence
Bounds for Percent of Population Aged 12 and Older Needing Treatment in
Past Year Within 26 States.
Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Household
Survey on Drug Abuse. Model-based estimates using 1991-1993 NHSDA data.
Exhibit 3.15 - - 95% Confidence
Bounds for Percent of Population Aged 12 and Older Arrested in Past Year
Within 26 States.
Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Household
Survey on Drug Abuse. Model-based estimates using 1991-1993 NHSDA data.
|
