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Substance Abuse in States and Metropolitan
Areas:
Model Based Estimates from the 1991-1993 National Household
Surveys on Drug Abuse
Appendices:
Appendix
A - - Estimation of Drug and Alcohol Dependence
Appendix
B - - Definition of 25 MSAs Selected for Small Area Estimation
Appendix
C - - Confidence Intervals
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Appendix A: Estimation of Drug and Alcohol Dependence
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ESTIMATION OF DRUG AND ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE
The Diagnostic and Statistical
Manual of Mental Disorders, Revised Third Addition (DSM-III-R), published by the
American Psychiatric Association is designed to be used by clinicians as well as
researchers for making diagnosis of psychiatric disorders. Substance abuse and
dependence are considered psychiatric disorders under DSM-III-R. DSM-III-R
defines a person as dependent on a substance if they meet 3 out of 9 criteria
for that substance. The method for estimating dependence from the NHSDA is based
on the NHSDA questionnaire items that are assumed to approximate five of the
nine DSM-III-R criteria. These five criteria include: unable to cut down on use;
reduced social, occupational, or recreational activities; continued use despite
knowledge of having a problem; tolerance; withdrawal. In the NHSDA algorithm,
respondents are defined as dependent on a substance if they responded
affirmatively to at least two of the five NHSDA criteria for that substance.
To evaluate this method for
estimating dependence, NHSDA dependence estimates were compared to estimates
from the National Comorbidity Survey (NCS).1,2
Conducted in 1991, the NCS was designed to provide nationally representative
estimates of 14 psychiatric disorders, including substance abuse and dependence,
using a structured diagnostic interview. It employed a multistage area
probability sample of 8,098 respondents in the household population.
Based on this analysis it was
concluded that the approximation to the DSM-III-R definition of drug dependence
produces dependence estimates which are comparable to the NCS. The table below
indicates estimates of dependence from the NHSDA from 1991 through 1993 and
estimates of dependence from the NCS.
Twelve Month Estimates of
Dependence from the NCS and NHSDA
(Old and New Methods) for Persons
15-54 Years of Age (1991-1994)
|
Any Illicit |
1.8% |
1.8% |
1.4% |
1.5% |
|
Marijuana |
0.9 |
1.2 |
0.9 |
0.9 |
|
Cocaine |
0.4 |
0.5 |
0.4 |
0.3 |
|
Alcohol |
4.4 |
5.7 |
4.7 |
5.2 |
1This
is included in a paper by Joan Epstein and Joe Gfroerer, A Method for Estimating
Substance Abuse Treatment Need from a National Household Survey, that was
presented at the 37th International Congress on Alcohol and Drug Dependence,
August 20-25, 1995.
2Lifetime
and 12-Month Prevalence of DSM-III-R Psychiatric Disorders in the United States.
Results from the National Comorbidity Survey. R.C. Kessler, PhD; K.A.McGonagle,
PhD; S. Zhao, PhD; C.B. Nelson, MPH; M. Hughes, PhD; S. Eshleman, MA; H.U.
Wittchen, PhD; K.S.Kendler, MD. Arch Gen Psychiatry, Vol.51, P.P. 8-19, January
1994.
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Appendix B: Definition of 25 MSAs Selected for Small Area
Estimation
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Appendix B. Definition of 25
MSAs Selected for Small Area Estimation: 1992 Population Projection
|
Metropolitan Statistical Area |
Pop. Projection |
|
|
|
|
1. Anaheim-Santa Ana, CA |
1,996,343 |
|
California, Orange County |
1,996,343 |
|
|
|
|
2. Atlanta, GA |
2,424,882 |
|
Georgia, Barrow County |
25,179 |
|
Georgia, Butts County |
12,970 |
|
Georgia, Cherokee County |
77,733 |
|
Georgia, Clayton County |
151,319 |
|
Georgia, Cobb County |
391,285 |
|
Georgia, Coweta County |
45,782 |
|
Georgia, De Kalb County |
463,515 |
|
Georgia, Douglas County |
59,987 |
|
Georgia, Fayette County |
55,556 |
|
Georgia, Forsyth County |
38,659 |
|
Georgia, Fulton County |
546,808 |
|
Georgia, Gwinnett County |
310,368 |
|
Georgia, Henry County |
51,116 |
|
Georgia, Newton County |
35,030 |
|
Georgia, Paulding County |
35,385 |
|
Georgia, Rockdale County |
46,428 |
|
Georgia, Spalding County |
45,367 |
|
Georgia, Walton County |
32,395 |
|
|
|
|
3. Baltimore, MD |
1,996,133 |
|
Maryland, Anne Arundel County |
357,569 |
|
Maryland, Baltimore County |
588,006 |
|
Maryland, Carroll County |
104,516 |
|
Maryland, Harford County |
153,125 |
|
Maryland, Howard County |
163,767 |
|
Maryland, Queen Annes County |
29,465 |
|
Maryland, Baltimore City |
599,685 |
|
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4. Boston, MA |
3,144,871 |
|
Massachusetts, Essex County |
551,793 |
|
Massachusetts, Middlesex County |
1,170,799 |
|
Massachusetts, Norfolk County |
516,160 |
|
Massachusetts, Plymouth County |
355,370 |
|
Massachusetts, Suffolk County |
550,750 |
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|
|
|
5. Chicago, IL |
4,981,375 |
|
Illinois, Cook County |
4,175,359 |
|
Illinois, Du Page County |
654,320 |
|
Illinois, Mchenry County |
151,696 |
|
|
|
|
6. Dallas, TX |
2,120,056 |
|
Texas, Collin County |
227,616 |
|
Texas, Dallas County |
1,518,374 |
|
Texas, Denton County |
237,971 |
|
Texas, Ellis County |
70,322 |
|
Texas, Kaufman County |
43,729 |
|
Texas, Rockwall County |
22,044 |
|
|
|
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7. Denver, CO |
1,345,668 |
|
Colorado, Adams County |
211,897 |
|
Colorado, Arapahoe County |
329,437 |
|
Colorado, Denver County |
381,917 |
|
Colorado, Douglas County |
53,022 |
|
Colorado, Jefferson County |
369,394 |
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|
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8. Detroit, MI |
3,592,682 |
|
Michigan, Lapeer County |
60,050 |
|
Michigan, Livingston County |
96,340 |
|
Michigan, Macomb County |
603,448 |
|
Michigan, Monroe County |
107,869 |
|
Michigan, Oakland County |
909,637 |
|
Michigan, St Clair County |
119,365 |
|
Michigan, Wayne County |
1,695,974 |
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9. El Paso, TX |
456,359 |
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Texas, El Paso County |
456,359 |
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10. Houston, TX |
2,661,181 |
|
Texas, Fort Bend County |
184,640 |
|
Texas, Harris County |
2,261,297 |
|
Texas, Liberty County |
42,903 |
|
Texas, Montgomery County |
152,654 |
|
Texas, Waller County |
19,687 |
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11. Los Angeles, CA |
7,127,293 |
|
California, Los Angeles County |
7,127,293 |
|
|
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12. Miami-Hialeah, FL |
1,600,103 |
|
Florida, Dade County |
1,600,103 |
|
|
|
|
13. Minneapolis-St. Paul |
2,035,347 |
|
Minnesota, Anoka County |
198,093 |
|
Minnesota, Carver County |
39,020 |
|
Minnesota, Chisago County |
24,780 |
|
Minnesota, Dakota County |
228,159 |
|
Minnesota, Hennepin County |
865,489 |
|
Minnesota, Isanti County |
20,829 |
|
Minnesota, Ramsey County |
398,328 |
|
Minnesota, Scott County |
47,001 |
|
Minnesota, Washington County |
118,214 |
|
Minnesota, Wright County |
54,470 |
|
Wisconsin, St Croix County |
40,963 |
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14. Nassau-Suffolk, NY |
2,177,956 |
|
New York, Nassau County |
1,085,945 |
|
New York, Suffolk County |
1,092,011 |
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15. New York, NY |
7,085,772 |
|
New York, Bronx County |
938,595 |
|
New York, Kings County |
1,873,534 |
|
New York, New York County |
1,283,134 |
|
New York, Putnam County |
69,880 |
|
New York, Queens County |
1,648,200 |
|
New York, Richmond County |
316,399 |
|
New York, Rockland County |
218,687 |
|
New York, Westchester County |
737,342 |
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16. Newark, NJ |
1,499,843 |
|
New Jersey, Essex County |
628,943 |
|
New Jersey, Morris County |
353,820 |
|
New Jersey, Sussex County |
106,854 |
|
New Jersey, Union County |
410,225 |
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17. Oakland, CA 1,727,459 |
1,727,459 |
|
California, Alameda County |
1,054,766 |
|
California, Contra Costa County |
672,693 |
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18. Philadelphia, PA-NJ |
4,036,961 |
|
New Jersey, Burlington County |
329,783 |
|
New Jersey, Camden County |
407,164 |
|
New Jersey, Gloucester County |
190,673 |
|
Pennsylvania, Bucks County |
456,745 |
|
Pennsylvania, Chester County |
320,513 |
|
Pennsylvania, Delaware County |
454,906 |
|
Pennsylvania, Montgomery County |
573,220 |
|
Pennsylvania, Philadelphia County |
1,303,956 |
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19. Phoenix, AZ |
1,770,449 |
|
Arizona, Maricopa County |
1,770,449 |
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20. San Antonio, TX |
1,040,318 |
|
Texas, Bexar County |
941,916 |
|
Texas, Comal County |
44,601 |
|
Texas, Guadalupe County |
53,801 |
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21. San Bernardino, CA |
2,122,022 |
|
California, Riverside County |
978,288 |
|
California, San Bernardino County |
1,143,734 |
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22. San Diego, CA |
2,089,322 |
|
California, San Diego County |
2,089,322 |
|
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23. St. Louis, MO-IL |
2,006,385 |
|
Illinois, Clinton County |
28,060 |
|
Illinois, Jersey County |
16,844 |
|
Illinois, Madison County |
206,040 |
|
Illinois, Monroe County |
18,700 |
|
Illinois, St Clair County |
212,612 |
|
Missouri, Franklin County |
66,062 |
|
Missouri, Jefferson County |
139,312 |
|
Missouri, St Charles County |
177,308 |
|
Missouri, St Louis County 826,259 |
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|
Missouri, St Louis City 315,187 |
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24. Tampa-St. Petersburg, FL |
1,822,154 |
|
Florida, Hernando County |
97,648 |
|
Florida, Hillsborough County |
708,882 |
|
Florida, Pasco County |
258,574 |
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Florida, Pinellas County |
757,050 |
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25. Washington, DC |
3,345,080 |
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District of Columbia |
513,842 |
|
Maryland, Calvert County |
43,912 |
|
Maryland, Charles County |
84,579 |
|
Maryland, Frederick County |
127,118 |
|
Maryland, Montgomery County |
651,746 |
|
Maryland, Prince Georges County |
611,812 |
|
Virginia, Arlington County |
151,317 |
|
Virginia, Fairfax County |
706,226 |
|
Virginia, Loudoun County |
73,193 |
|
Virginia, Prince William County |
178,043 |
|
Virginia, Stafford County |
51,577 |
|
Virginia, Alexandria City |
98,061 |
|
Virginia, Fairfax City |
16,699 |
|
Virginia, Falls Church City |
8,157 |
|
Virginia, Manassas City |
23,622 |
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Appendix C:
Estimated Percentage of Population with Substance Abuse Behaviors and 95%
Confidence Intervals for 25 MSAs and 26 States: Estimates Based on Data From the 1991-1993
NHSDA.
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Appendix C. Estimated
Percentage of Population with Substance Abuse Behaviors for 25 MSAs.
Estimates Based on Data From the 1991-1993 NHSDA. 95% Confidence Intervals
|
MSA |
Licit Substance Use In Past Month |
Illicit Substance Use In Past Month |
|
Cigarette Use |
Alcohol Use |
Any Illicit Drug Use |
Any Illicit But Marijuana Use |
Cocaine Use |
|
Anaheim-Santa Ana, CA |
21.01 |
(20.19-21.84) |
52.25 |
(50.58-53.91) |
8.82 |
(7.78-9.98) |
4.85 |
(4.25-5.53) |
1.23 |
(0.93-1.61) |
|
Atlanta, GA |
23.70 |
(22.80-24.63) |
50.98 |
(49.52-52.45) |
5.86 |
(5.15-6.66) |
1.95 |
(1.62-2.36) |
0.56 |
(0.40-0.79) |
|
Baltimore, MD |
24.96 |
(24.00-25.95) |
44.84 |
(43.48-46.20) |
5.03 |
(4.37-5.80) |
1.80 |
(1.48-2.19) |
0.70 |
(0.53-0.93) |
|
Boston, MA |
27.51 |
(26.70-28.33) |
61.51 |
(60.37-62.63) |
6.73 |
(5.98-7.55) |
2.57 |
(2.17-3.03) |
0.94 |
(0.74-1.20) |
|
Chicago, IL |
24.73 |
(24.42-25.04) |
53.82 |
(53.49-54.16) |
5.53 |
(5.34-5.72) |
2.34 |
(2.23-2.45) |
0.94 |
(0.87-1.02) |
|
Dallas, TX |
25.95 |
(25.06-26.85) |
50.23 |
(48.39-52.08) |
5.69 |
(4.95-6.53) |
2.38 |
(2.04-2.78) |
1.05 |
(0.80-1.37) |
|
Denver, CO |
27.13 |
(26.83-27.44) |
58.42 |
(58.09-58.75) |
8.30 |
(8.07-8.54) |
2.94 |
(2.80-3.07) |
1.01 |
(0.93-1.08) |
|
Detroit, MI |
26.52 |
(25.61-27.46) |
54.17 |
(52.79-55.54) |
5.50 |
(4.83-6.25) |
1.38 |
(1.12-1.71) |
0.60 |
(0.45-0.81) |
|
El Paso, TX |
20.41 |
(18.86-22.05) |
45.85 |
(42.18-49.56) |
3.58 |
(2.62-4.89) |
1.85 |
(1.35-2.51) |
0.53 |
(0.33-0.85) |
|
Houston, TX |
25.07 |
(24.03-26.13) |
50.94 |
(49.37-52.50) |
4.05 |
(3.47-4.71) |
2.43 |
(2.07-2.86) |
0.60 |
(0.44-0.82) |
|
Los Angeles, CA |
21.82 |
(21.54-22.11) |
49.34 |
(49.01-49.68) |
6.68 |
(6.48-6.89) |
2.72 |
(2.60-2.84) |
0.90 |
(0.84-0.97) |
|
Miami-Hialeah, FL |
20.88 |
(20.60-21.17) |
44.40 |
(44.05-44.75) |
3.75 |
(3.59-3.92) |
2.26 |
(2.15-2.37) |
0.89 |
(0.82-0.96) |
|
Minneapolis-St. Paul, MN |
22.64 |
(21.73-23.57) |
65.87 |
(64.62-67.10) |
5.19 |
(4.54-5.92) |
1.51 |
(1.22-1.87) |
0.36 |
(0.26-0.50) |
|
Nassau-Suffolk, NY |
20.22 |
(19.38-21.08) |
59.60 |
(58.36-60.84) |
6.57 |
(5.84-7.38) |
1.99 |
(1.65-2.41) |
0.37 |
(0.28-0.49) |
|
New York, NY |
23.15 |
(22.85-23.45) |
48.84 |
(48.50-49.19) |
5.99 |
(5.80-6.19) |
2.40 |
(2.29-2.51) |
1.06 |
(0.99-1.15) |
|
Newark, NJ |
24.10 |
(23.10-25.13) |
62.17 |
(60.45-63.85) |
6.20 |
(5.39-7.11) |
1.91 |
(1.60-2.28) |
1.37 |
(0.98-1.92) |
|
Oakland, CA |
23.33 |
(22.61-24.07) |
65.02 |
(63.55-66.46) |
11.39 |
(10.31-12.57) |
5.11 |
(4.59-5.69) |
1.47 |
(1.17-1.85) |
|
Philadelphia, PA-NJ |
25.89 |
(25.20-26.59) |
59.13 |
(58.06-60.19) |
5.72 |
(5.11-6.40) |
2.22 |
(1.94-2.55) |
0.64 |
(0.51-0.81) |
|
Phoenix, AZ |
24.83 |
(23.85-25.84) |
53.69 |
(52.12-55.25) |
6.82 |
(5.95-7.81) |
3.99 |
(3.45-4.62) |
1.01 |
(0.77-1.31) |
|
San Antonio, TX |
26.09 |
(24.71-27.52) |
54.43 |
(51.55-57.27) |
4.35 |
(3.39-5.55) |
2.17 |
(1.67-2.81) |
0.78 |
(0.51-1.17) |
|
San Bernardino, CA |
23.32 |
(22.39-24.27) |
49.12 |
(47.64-50.60) |
7.42 |
(6.62-8.32) |
4.60 |
(4.07-5.20) |
0.64 |
(0.49-0.84) |
|
San Diego, CA |
22.25 |
(21.36-23.16) |
49.08 |
(47.60-50.55) |
7.07 |
(6.22-8.03) |
3.59 |
(3.09-4.17) |
0.93 |
(0.70-1.23) |
|
St. Louis, MO-IL |
25.27 |
(24.52-26.03) |
55.02 |
(53.73-56.30) |
5.19 |
(4.56-5.90) |
2.53 |
(2.21-2.88) |
0.95 |
(0.75-1.21) |
|
Tampa-St. Petersburg, FL |
25.55 |
(24.76-26.36) |
41.22 |
(39.75-42.70) |
5.27 |
(4.56-6.08) |
2.03 |
(1.66-2.47) |
0.57 |
(0.43-0.74) |
|
Washington, DC |
22.61 |
(22.40-22.81) |
53.82 |
(53.59-54.05) |
5.38 |
(5.26-5.51) |
2.58 |
(2.50-2.67) |
1.03 |
(0.98-1.08) |
Appendix C. Estimated Percentage of Population with Substance Abuse Behaviors
for 25 MSAs. Estimates Based on Data From the 1991-1993 NHSDA. 95% Confidence
Intervals
(Continued)
|
MSA |
Past Year Dependence |
Past Year Treatment |
Past Year Arrest |
|
Dependent On Illicit Drugs |
Dependent On Alcohol |
Received Treatment For Illicit Drug Use |
Received Treatment For Alcohol Use |
Needed Treatment For Illicit Drug Use |
|
Anaheim-Santa Ana, CA |
2.17 |
(1.88-2.51) |
6.01 |
(5.37-6.72) |
1.01 |
(0.77-1.31) |
0.55 |
(0.39-0.78) |
4.45 |
(3.91-5.06) |
1.53 |
(1.20-1.94) |
|
Atlanta, GA |
1.24 |
(1.06-1.45) |
4.47 |
(3.84-5.20) |
0.74 |
(0.60-0.91) |
0.38 |
(0.27-0.55) |
4.83 |
(4.21-5.53) |
1.74 |
(1.52-1.98) |
|
Baltimore, MD |
0.89 |
(0.75-1.05) |
2.15 |
(1.74-2.65) |
0.58 |
(0.45-0.75) |
0.45 |
(0.32-0.65) |
2.28 |
(1.90-2.73) |
1.30 |
(1.11-1.52) |
|
Boston, MA |
1.68 |
(1.46-1.92) |
4.38 |
(3.83-5.01) |
0.97 |
(0.77-1.22) |
2.18 |
(1.69-2.81) |
3.88 |
(3.41-4.41) |
1.66 |
(1.39-1.98) |
|
Chicago, IL |
0.89 |
(0.82-0.97) |
3.46 |
(3.33-3.60) |
0.53 |
(0.49-0.59) |
0.71 |
(0.66-0.77) |
2.75 |
(2.63-2.88) |
1.51 |
(1.41-1.62) |
|
Dallas, TX |
1.63 |
(1.45-1.84) |
3.31 |
(2.80-3.91) |
0.65 |
(0.53-0.80) |
0.45 |
(0.31-0.66) |
2.47 |
(2.10-2.90) |
1.55 |
(1.31-1.82) |
|
Denver, CO |
1.26 |
(1.16-1.37) |
4.57 |
(4.41-4.73) |
0.63 |
(0.57-0.70) |
0.96 |
(0.89-1.04) |
3.83 |
(3.68-3.99) |
2.26 |
(2.12-2.40) |
|
Detroit, MI |
1.18 |
(1.02-1.37) |
3.59 |
(3.11-4.14) |
0.78 |
(0.66-0.92) |
0.51 |
(0.38-0.69) |
3.58 |
(3.15-4.06) |
1.77 |
(1.53-2.04) |
|
El Paso, TX |
0.79 |
(0.57-1.08) |
3.66 |
(2.59-5.13) |
0.55 |
(0.36-0.85) |
0.53 |
(0.28-1.03) |
2.50 |
(1.92-3.25) |
1.62 |
(1.20-2.19) |
|
Houston, TX |
2.10 |
(1.87-2.37) |
1.96 |
(1.53-2.50) |
0.81 |
(0.68-0.98) |
0.71 |
(0.53-0.94) |
3.86 |
(3.40-4.37) |
1.56 |
(1.32-1.84) |
|
Los Angeles, CA |
1.50 |
(1.39-1.61) |
7.13 |
(6.96-7.31) |
0.75 |
(0.65-0.88) |
0.50 |
(0.46-0.55) |
4.04 |
(3.89-4.20) |
1.85 |
(1.74-1.97) |
|
Miami-Hialeah, FL |
0.74 |
(0.67-0.82) |
2.04 |
(1.94-2.14) |
0.56 |
(0.44-0.72) |
0.48 |
(0.44-0.52) |
2.16 |
(2.04-2.29) |
1.22 |
(1.13-1.32) |
|
Minneapolis-St. Paul, MN |
1.15 |
(0.99-1.34) |
3.45 |
(2.93-4.06) |
0.93 |
(0.75-1.16) |
0.93 |
(0.65-1.34) |
2.38 |
(2.04-2.78) |
1.77 |
(1.50-2.08) |
|
Nassau-Suffolk, NY |
1.00 |
(0.85-1.17) |
1.10 |
(0.83-1.44) |
0.64 |
(0.49-0.83) |
0.50 |
(0.36-0.68) |
1.87 |
(1.56-2.24) |
1.14 |
(0.93-1.40) |
|
New York, NY |
0.94 |
(0.85-1.02) |
1.77 |
(1.68-1.87) |
0.66 |
(0.52-0.84) |
0.26 |
(0.23-0.29) |
2.50 |
(2.38-2.63) |
0.79 |
(0.72-0.87) |
|
Newark, NJ |
1.43 |
(1.24-1.65) |
2.50 |
(2.00-3.12) |
0.89 |
(0.74-1.07) |
0.77 |
(0.59-1.01) |
1.90 |
(1.56-2.31) |
1.40 |
(1.10-1.77) |
|
Oakland, CA |
2.98 |
(2.68-3.31) |
3.88 |
(3.24-4.65) |
1.37 |
(1.19-1.57) |
2.07 |
(1.69-2.53) |
5.22 |
(4.63-5.87) |
1.94 |
(1.64-2.28) |
|
Philadelphia, PA-NJ |
0.98 |
(0.85-1.13) |
2.82 |
(2.45-3.25) |
0.82 |
(0.71-0.95) |
0.61 |
(0.47-0.78) |
2.99 |
(2.67-3.33) |
1.37 |
(1.20-1.57) |
|
Phoenix, AZ |
1.55 |
(1.37-1.75) |
3.61 |
(3.04-4.28) |
0.65 |
(0.53-0.80) |
0.67 |
(0.46-0.98) |
3.14 |
(2.68-3.68) |
1.48 |
(1.12-1.96) |
|
San Antonio, TX |
1.38 |
(1.19-1.61) |
2.53 |
(1.69-3.76) |
0.53 |
(0.37-0.74) |
0.42 |
(0.22-0.79) |
2.90 |
(2.20-3.81) |
1.60 |
(1.30-1.96) |
|
San Bernardino, CA |
2.09 |
(1.82-2.39) |
3.92 |
(3.42-4.50) |
1.15 |
(0.96-1.37) |
1.19 |
(0.89-1.59) |
3.84 |
(3.35-4.39) |
2.41 |
(2.01-2.89) |
|
San Diego, CA |
1.38 |
(1.15-1.65) |
2.99 |
(2.51-3.56) |
0.74 |
(0.56-0.98) |
0.52 |
(0.34-0.79) |
3.19 |
(2.75-3.71) |
2.18 |
(1.82-2.60) |
|
St. Louis, MO-IL |
0.96 |
(0.85-1.09) |
2.46 |
(2.09-2.90) |
0.74 |
(0.62-0.87) |
0.62 |
(0.45-0.85) |
2.75 |
(2.37-3.19) |
2.09 |
(1.77-2.45) |
|
Tampa-St. Petersburg, FL |
0.98 |
(0.84-1.13) |
2.10 |
(1.67-2.63) |
0.66 |
(0.55-0.80) |
0.41 |
(0.29-0.60) |
2.08 |
(1.76-2.45) |
1.44 |
(1.22-1.70) |
|
Washington, DC |
1.07 |
(1.02-1.13) |
3.59 |
(3.49-3.69) |
0.56 |
(0.51-0.60) |
0.87 |
(0.83-0.92) |
2.66 |
(2.58-2.75) |
1.33 |
(1.27-1.40) |
Appendix C. Estimated Number of
Persons with Substance Abuse Behaviors for 26 States. Estimates Based on Data
From the 1991-1993 NHSDA. 95% Confidence Intervals
|
State |
Licit Substance Use In Past Month |
Illicit Substance Use In Past Month |
|
Cigarette Use |
Alcohol Use |
Any Illicit Drug Use |
Any Illicit But Mrj Use |
Cocaine Use |
|
Total United States |
52,444 |
(52,084-52,805) |
102,802 |
(101,582-104,022) |
12,015 |
(11,712-12,326) |
5,031 |
(4,878-5,189) |
1,647 |
(1,552-1,747) |
|
North East Region |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
New Jersey |
1,581 |
(1,529-1,635) |
3,631 |
(3,507-3,754) |
348 |
(312-388) |
122 |
(106-141) |
65 |
(51-81) |
|
New York |
3,534 |
(3,466-3,602) |
7,948 |
(7,701-8,193) |
959 |
(896-1,026) |
352 |
(326-381) |
122 |
(110-136) |
|
Pennsylvania |
2,672 |
(2,612-2,733) |
5,203 |
(4,983-5,423) |
505 |
(458-556) |
203 |
(180-229) |
59 |
(48-72) |
|
South Region |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Florida |
2,744 |
(2,683-2,805) |
5,164 |
(4,944-5,386) |
557 |
(509-610) |
225 |
(201-252) |
78 |
(65-93) |
|
Georgia |
1,433 |
(1,384-1,484) |
2,454 |
(2,307-2,603) |
317 |
(273-366) |
111 |
(94-131) |
32 |
(23-45) |
|
Kentucky |
960 |
(930-989) |
1,174 |
(1,082-1,268) |
138 |
(120-159) |
51 |
(42-61) |
14 |
(10-19) |
|
Louisiana |
872 |
(835-909) |
1,551 |
(1,463-1,640) |
148 |
(128-172) |
68 |
(57-81) |
27 |
(20-38) |
|
North Carolina |
1,501 |
(1,461-1,541) |
2,468 |
(2,321-2,618) |
330 |
(297-366) |
101 |
(87-117) |
33 |
(26-42) |
|
Oklahoma |
690 |
(664-717) |
962 |
(880-1,047) |
178 |
(154-207) |
106 |
(95-119) |
14 |
(11-19) |
|
South Carolina |
851 |
(814-889) |
1,280 |
(1,177-1,386) |
147 |
(122-176) |
49 |
(40-60) |
19 |
(13-29) |
|
Tennessee |
1,215 |
(1,167-1,264) |
1,573 |
(1,437-1,713) |
187 |
(157-222) |
79 |
(66-94) |
39 |
(29-53) |
|
Texas |
3,601 |
(3,502-3,702) |
6,724 |
(6,472-6,977) |
767 |
(695-845) |
308 |
(271-349) |
108 |
(87-135) |
|
Virginia |
1,307 |
(1,270-1,345) |
2,514 |
(2,391-2,637) |
290 |
(259-326) |
141 |
(128-156) |
65 |
(52-82) |
|
West Virginia |
458 |
(441-476) |
545 |
(492-601) |
63 |
(54-74) |
21 |
(17-26) |
8 |
(6-11) |
|
North Central Region |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Illinois |
2,434 |
(2,382-2,488) |
4,749 |
(4,594-4,903) |
435 |
(409-463) |
182 |
(167-197) |
65 |
(57-73) |
|
Indiana |
1,123 |
(1,086-1,161) |
2,039 |
(1,895-2,184) |
206 |
(181-234) |
85 |
(72-100) |
23 |
(17-31) |
|
Kansas |
485 |
(464-508) |
1,057 |
(992-1,121) |
101 |
(86-118) |
64 |
(56-73) |
15 |
(12-20) |
|
Michigan |
2,052 |
(1,989-2,116) |
3,978 |
(3,760-4,194) |
420 |
(372-474) |
118 |
(98-141) |
47 |
(36-61) |
|
Minnesota |
807 |
(776-839) |
2,098 |
(1,994-2,200) |
165 |
(144-190) |
49 |
(41-60) |
12 |
(8-16) |
|
Missouri |
1,065 |
(1,032-1,098) |
2,134 |
(2,021-2,246) |
210 |
(185-239) |
119 |
(106-135) |
38 |
(30-47) |
|
Ohio |
2,612 |
(2,552-2,672) |
4,372 |
(4,159-4,585) |
481 |
(436-530) |
226 |
(203-251) |
70 |
(58-84) |
|
Wisconsin |
945 |
(905-987) |
2,215 |
(2,070-2,357) |
164 |
(141-190) |
78 |
(66-91) |
34 |
(26-45) |
|
West Region |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
California |
5,559 |
(5,466-5,652) |
12,877 |
(12,693-13,061) |
2,004 |
(1,913-2,099) |
951 |
(897-1,007) |
237 |
(210-268) |
|
New Mexico |
341 |
(321-362) |
597 |
(560-635) |
93 |
(77-112) |
43 |
(35-52) |
10 |
(7-15) |
|
Oregon |
612 |
(590-634) |
1,253 |
(1,171-1,335) |
170 |
(150-191) |
79 |
(69-91) |
9 |
(7-12) |
|
Washington |
971 |
(934-1,010) |
2,230 |
(2,114-2,345) |
248 |
(218-283) |
131 |
(112-153) |
19 |
(14-26) |
|
MSA |
Licit Substance Use In Past Month |
Illicit Substance Use In Past Month |
|
Cigarette Use |
Alcohol Use |
Any Illicit Drug Use |
Any Illicit But Mrj Use |
Cocaine Use |
|
Anaheim-Santa Ana, CA |
419 |
(403-436) |
1,043 |
(1,010-1,076) |
176 |
(155-199) |
97 |
(85-110) |
25 |
(19-32) |
|
Atlanta, GA |
575 |
(553-597) |
1,236 |
(1,201-1,272) |
142 |
(125-161) |
47 |
(39-57) |
14 |
(10-19) |
|
Baltimore, MD |
498 |
(479-518) |
895 |
(868-922) |
100 |
(87-116) |
36 |
(29-44) |
14 |
(11-18) |
|
Boston, MA |
865 |
(840-891) |
1,934 |
(1,899-1,970) |
212 |
(188-238) |
81 |
(68-95) |
30 |
(23-38) |
|
Chicago, IL |
1,232 |
(1,217-1,247) |
2,681 |
(2,664-2,698) |
275 |
(266-285) |
117 |
(111-122) |
47 |
(44-51) |
|
Dallas, TX |
550 |
(531-569) |
1,065 |
(1,026-1,104) |
121 |
(105-139) |
51 |
(43-59) |
22 |
(17-29) |
|
Denver, CO |
365 |
(361-369) |
786 |
(782-791) |
112 |
(109-115) |
40 |
(38-41) |
14 |
(13-15) |
|
Detroit, MI |
953 |
(920-987) |
1,946 |
(1,897-1,995) |
197 |
(173-225) |
50 |
(40-61) |
22 |
(16-29) |
|
El Paso, TX |
93 |
(86-101) |
209 |
(192-226) |
16 |
(12-22) |
8 |
(6-11) |
2 |
(2-4) |
|
Houston, TX |
667 |
(640-695) |
1,355 |
(1,314-1,397) |
108 |
(92-125) |
65 |
(55-76) |
16 |
(12-22) |
|
Los Angeles, CA |
1,555 |
(1,535-1,576) |
3,517 |
(3,493-3,541) |
476 |
(462-491) |
194 |
(185-203) |
65 |
(60-69) |
|
Miami-Hialeah, FL |
334 |
(330-339) |
710 |
(705-716) |
60 |
(57-63) |
36 |
(34-38) |
14 |
(13-15) |
|
Minneapolis-St. Paul, MN |
461 |
(442-480) |
1,341 |
(1,315-1,366) |
106 |
(92-120) |
31 |
(25-38) |
7 |
(5-10) |
|
Nassau-Suffolk, NY |
440 |
(422-459) |
1,298 |
(1,271-1,325) |
143 |
(127-161) |
43 |
(36-52) |
8 |
(6-11) |
|
New York, NY |
1,640 |
(1,619-1,662) |
3,461 |
(3,437-3,485) |
425 |
(411-439) |
170 |
(163-178) |
75 |
(70-81) |
|
Newark, NJ |
361 |
(346-377) |
932 |
(907-958) |
93 |
(81-107) |
29 |
(24-34) |
21 |
(15-29) |
|
Oakland, CA |
403 |
(391-416) |
1,123 |
(1,098-1,148) |
197 |
(178-217) |
88 |
(79-98) |
25 |
(20-32) |
|
Philadelphia, PA-NJ |
1,045 |
(1,017-1,073) |
2,387 |
(2,344-2,430) |
231 |
(206-258) |
90 |
(78-103) |
26 |
(21-33) |
|
Phoenix, AZ |
440 |
(422-457) |
951 |
(923-978) |
121 |
(105-138) |
71 |
(61-82) |
18 |
(14-23) |
|
San Antonio, TX |
271 |
(257-286) |
566 |
(536-596) |
45 |
(35-58) |
23 |
(17-29) |
8 |
(5-12) |
|
San Bernardino, CA |
495 |
(475-515) |
1,042 |
(1,011-1,074) |
158 |
(140-177) |
98 |
(86-110) |
14 |
(10-18) |
|
San Diego, CA |
465 |
(446-484) |
1,025 |
(995-1,056) |
148 |
(130-168) |
75 |
(65-87) |
19 |
(15-26) |
|
St. Louis, MO-IL |
507 |
(492-522) |
1,104 |
(1,078-1,130) |
104 |
(91-118) |
51 |
(44-58) |
19 |
(15-24) |
|
Tampa-St. Petersburg, FL |
466 |
(451-480) |
751 |
(724-778) |
96 |
(83-111) |
37 |
(30-45) |
10 |
(8-13) |
|
Washington, DC |
756 |
(749-763) |
1,800 |
(1,793-1,808) |
180 |
(176-184) |
86 |
(84-89) |
34 |
(33-36) |
Appendix C. Estimated Number of
Persons with Substance Abuse Behaviors for 26 States. Estimates Based on Data
From the 1991-1993 NHSDA. 95% Confidence Intervals
|
State |
Past Year Dependence |
Past Year Treatment |
Past Year Arrest |
|
Dependent On Illicit Drugs |
Dependent On Alcohol |
Received Treatment For Illicit
Drug Use |
Received Treatment For Alcohol
Use |
Needed Treatment For Illicit
Drug Use |
|
Total United States |
2,549 |
(2,444-2,658) |
6,350 |
(6,126-6,582) |
1,447 |
(1,365-1,533) |
1,429 |
(1,336-1,529) |
5,877 |
(5,690-6,071) |
3,689 |
(3,549-3,835) |
|
North East Region |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
New Jersey |
81 |
(72-92) |
160 |
(138-185) |
44 |
(36-53) |
41 |
(32-53) |
131 |
(114-151) |
87 |
(75-100) |
|
New York |
162 |
(149-175) |
301 |
(270-334) |
95 |
(82-111) |
62 |
(50-76) |
367 |
(340-395) |
196 |
(180-213) |
|
Pennsylvania
|
87 |
(78-98) |
275 |
(240-315) |
55 |
(47-65) |
68 |
(55-85) |
217 |
(194-243) |
128 |
(115-142) |
|
South Region |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Florida |
105 |
(94-117) |
266 |
(233-303) |
78 |
(67-90) |
65 |
(53-79) |
277 |
(248-309) |
181 |
(166-197) |
|
Georgia |
66 |
(58-75) |
197 |
(164-235) |
39 |
(32-47) |
25 |
(18-34) |
206 |
(176-240) |
136 |
(123-150) |
|
Kentucky |
28 |
(24-31) |
63 |
(53-75) |
17 |
(14-21) |
15 |
(11-20) |
69 |
(59-81) |
51 |
(45-57) |
|
Louisiana |
34 |
(29-39) |
133 |
(112-158) |
22 |
(18-26) |
20 |
(14-28) |
94 |
(77-114) |
79 |
(70-89) |
|
North Carolina
|
64 |
(58-72) |
144 |
(125-166) |
36 |
(30-43) |
28 |
(22-36) |
136 |
(119-154) |
95 |
(86-105) |
|
Oklahoma |
39 |
(34-43) |
104 |
(85-126) |
22 |
(18-27) |
38 |
(25-58) |
97 |
(79-119) |
35 |
(30-41) |
|
South Carolina
|
35 |
(30-40) |
89 |
(71-111) |
15 |
(12-19) |
16 |
(11-24) |
63 |
(50-78) |
53 |
(46-61) |
|
Tennessee |
38 |
(33-43) |
85 |
(70-103) |
25 |
(21-29) |
22 |
(15-31) |
86 |
(71-104) |
87 |
(75-99) |
|
Texas |
202 |
(182-225) |
463 |
(405-528) |
84 |
(71-100) |
95 |
(75-119) |
421 |
(376-472) |
254 |
(228-282) |
|
Virginia |
58 |
(53-64) |
158 |
(138-182) |
34 |
(29-40) |
32 |
(26-39) |
152 |
(133-174) |
80 |
(73-89) |
|
West Virginia
|
13 |
(11-15) |
32 |
(26-39) |
7 |
(6-9) |
11 |
(8-15) |
32 |
(27-39) |
19 |
(17-22) |
|
North Central Region |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Illinois |
82 |
(76-89) |
289 |
(265-315) |
50 |
(45-55) |
62 |
(52-73) |
218 |
(201-235) |
162 |
(147-178) |
|
Indiana |
45 |
(40-50) |
98 |
(83-117) |
24 |
(20-28) |
30 |
(23-41) |
91 |
(78-105) |
105 |
(95-117) |
|
Kansas |
23 |
(20-25) |
70 |
(58-86) |
13 |
(11-16) |
17 |
(12-25) |
55 |
(45-67) |
48 |
(42-55) |
|
Michigan |
82 |
(73-93) |
256 |
(215-304) |
58 |
(50-68) |
53 |
(40-71) |
232 |
(200-269) |
151 |
(136-168) |
|
Minnesota |
36 |
(31-41) |
112 |
(92-135) |
30 |
(25-37) |
29 |
(21-39) |
78 |
(66-93) |
60 |
(52-68) |
|
Missouri |
43 |
(39-48) |
91 |
(77-108) |
30 |
(25-35) |
29 |
(21-39) |
138 |
(119-159) |
89 |
(78-100) |
|
Ohio |
86 |
(78-95) |
244 |
(211-281) |
63 |
(53-74) |
72 |
(57-91) |
229 |
(204-256) |
202 |
(184-221) |
|
Wisconsin |
40 |
(35-44) |
118 |
(97-145) |
25 |
(21-29) |
24 |
(18-32) |
97 |
(80-117) |
62 |
(52-72) |
|
West Region |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
California |
464 |
(433-498) |
1,186 |
(1,124-1,251) |
236 |
(213-262) |
198 |
(172-228) |
1,029 |
(971-1,090) |
524 |
(483-568) |
|
New Mexico |
19 |
(17-22) |
44 |
(35-55) |
9 |
(7-12) |
11 |
(7-19) |
40 |
(31-50) |
32 |
(25-40) |
|
Oregon |
48 |
(43-53) |
66 |
(56-78) |
22 |
(18-26) |
15 |
(10-20) |
53 |
(46-62) |
45 |
(39-52) |
|
Washington |
80 |
(71-90) |
144 |
(120-172) |
35 |
(29-41) |
21 |
(15-29) |
145 |
(123-171) |
78 |
(66-93) |
|
MSAs |
Past Year Dependence |
Past Year Treatment |
Past Year Arrest |
|
Dependent On Illicit Drugs |
Dependent On Alcohol |
Received Treatment For Illicit
Drug Use |
Received Treatment For Alcohol
Use |
Needed Treatment For Illicit
Drug Use |
|
Anaheim-Santa Ana, CA |
43 |
(38-50) |
120 |
(107-134) |
20 |
(15-26) |
11 |
(8-16) |
89 |
(78-101) |
31 |
(24-39) |
|
Atlanta, GA |
30 |
(26-35) |
108 |
(93-126) |
18 |
(14-22) |
9 |
(7-13) |
117 |
(102-134) |
42 |
(37-48) |
|
Baltimore, MD |
18 |
(15-21) |
43 |
(35-53) |
12 |
(9-15) |
9 |
(6-13) |
45 |
(38-54) |
26 |
(22-30) |
|
Boston, MA |
53 |
(46-60) |
138 |
(120-157) |
30 |
(24-38) |
69 |
(53-88) |
122 |
(107-139) |
52 |
(44-62) |
|
Chicago, IL |
45 |
(41-49) |
172 |
(166-179) |
27 |
(24-29) |
36 |
(33-38) |
137 |
(131-144) |
75 |
(70-81) |
|
Dallas, TX |
35 |
(31-39) |
70 |
(59-83) |
14 |
(11-17) |
10 |
(7-14) |
52 |
(44-61) |
33 |
(28-39) |
|
Denver, CO |
17 |
(16-18) |
61 |
(59-64) |
9 |
(8-9) |
13 |
(12-14) |
52 |
(50-54) |
30 |
(29-32) |
|
Detroit, MI |
42 |
(37-49) |
129 |
(112-149) |
28 |
(24-33) |
18 |
(14-25) |
129 |
(113-146) |
63 |
(55-73) |
|
El Paso, TX |
4 |
(3-5) |
17 |
(12-23) |
3 |
(2-4) |
2 |
(1-5) |
11 |
(9-15) |
7 |
(5-10) |
|
Houston, TX |
56 |
(50-63) |
52 |
(41-66) |
22 |
(18-26) |
19 |
(14-25) |
103 |
(90-116) |
41 |
(35-49) |
|
Los Angeles, CA |
107 |
(99-115) |
508 |
(496-521) |
54 |
(46-63) |
36 |
(33-39) |
288 |
(277-300) |
132 |
(124-141) |
|
Miami-Hialeah, FL |
12 |
(11-13) |
33 |
(31-34) |
9 |
(7-11) |
8 |
(7-8) |
35 |
(33-37) |
20 |
(18-21) |
|
Minneapolis-St. Paul, MN |
23 |
(20-27) |
70 |
(60-83) |
19 |
(15-24) |
19 |
(13-27) |
49 |
(42-57) |
36 |
(31-42) |
|
Nassau-Suffolk, NY |
22 |
(19-25) |
24 |
(18-31) |
14 |
(11-18) |
11 |
(8-15) |
41 |
(34-49) |
25 |
(20-30) |
|
New York, NY |
66 |
(61-73) |
125 |
(119-132) |
47 |
(37-59) |
18 |
(16-21) |
177 |
(168-186) |
56 |
(51-62) |
|
Newark, NJ |
21 |
(19-25) |
38 |
(30-47) |
13 |
(11-16) |
12 |
(9-15) |
28 |
(23-35) |
21 |
(17-27) |
|
Oakland, CA |
51 |
(46-57) |
67 |
(56-80) |
24 |
(21-27) |
36 |
(29-44) |
90 |
(80-101) |
33 |
(28-39) |
|
Philadelphia, PA-NJ |
40 |
(34-46) |
114 |
(99-131) |
33 |
(29-38) |
25 |
(19-32) |
121 |
(108-135) |
55 |
(48-63) |
|
Phoenix, AZ |
27 |
(24-31) |
64 |
(54-76) |
12 |
(9-14) |
12 |
(8-17) |
56 |
(48-65) |
26 |
(20-35) |
|
San Antonio, TX |
14 |
(12-17) |
26 |
(18-39) |
5 |
(4-8) |
4 |
(2-8) |
30 |
(23-40) |
17 |
(14-20) |
|
San Bernardino, CA |
44 |
(39-51) |
83 |
(72-95) |
24 |
(20-29) |
25 |
(19-34) |
81 |
(71-93) |
51 |
(43-61) |
|
San Diego, CA |
29 |
(24-35) |
62 |
(52-74) |
15 |
(12-20) |
11 |
(7-16) |
67 |
(57-78) |
45 |
(38-54) |
|
St. Louis, MO-IL |
19 |
(17-22) |
49 |
(42-58) |
15 |
(12-18) |
12 |
(9-17) |
55 |
(47-64) |
42 |
(36-49) |
|
Tampa-St. Petersburg, FL |
18 |
(15-21) |
38 |
(30-48) |
12 |
(10-15) |
8 |
(5-11) |
38 |
(32-45) |
26 |
(22-31) |
|
Washington, DC |
36 |
(34-38) |
120 |
(117-124) |
19 |
(17-20) |
29 |
(28-31) |
89 |
(86-92) |
45 |
(42-47) |
|
|
|
