State-by-State Model-Based Estimates from the 2003-2004 NSDUH, SAMHSA Office of Applied Studies

2004 State Estimates of Substance Use
(from the 2003-2004 National Surveys on Drug Use & Health)

National data State level data Metropolitan and other subState area data

All States are on this page, scroll down to your State of interest.

51031

ALABAMA

Table 1. Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Average Annual Marijuana Initiates, Past Year Substance Dependence or Abuse, Needing But Not Receiving Treatment, and Serious Psychological Distress in *Alabama*, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2003 and 2004 NSDUHs
Measure	Total 12 or Older	AGE GROUP (Years)
Measure	Total 12 or Older	12-17	18-25	26 or Older
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug¹ Use	258	37	87	134
Past Year Marijuana Use	334	51	127	156
Past Month Marijuana Use	175	25	69	81
Past Month Use of Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana¹	135	20	42	72
Past Year Cocaine Use	80	6	28	46
Past Year Nonmedical Pain Reliever Use	193	33	69	91
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	1,901	156	164	1,581
Average Annual Number of Marijuana Initiates²	37	19	16	2
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	1,457	60	260	1,137
Past Month Binge Alcohol³ Use	711	36	174	500
Perception of Great Risk of Drinking Five or More Drinks Once or Twice a Week	1,737	166	199	1,372
TOBACCO
Past Month Tobacco⁴ Use	1,299	67	238	994
Past Month Cigarette Use	1,030	51	200	779
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes Per Day	2,621	243	333	2,046
PAST YEAR DEPENDENCE, ABUSE,⁵ AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence	68	12	24	32
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	109	20	38	51
Alcohol Dependence	109	7	32	70
Alcohol Dependence or Abuse	222	18	68	135
Alcohol or Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	275	28	86	161
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,6	92	18	34	40
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁷	209	17	65	127
Serious Psychological Distress⁸	294⁸	--	65	229
Past Month Alcohol Use (for persons aged 12 to 20)	160⁹	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol³Use (for persons aged 12 to 20)	106⁹	--	--	--
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana include cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. ² Average Annual Number of Marijuana Initiates = Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months / 2. ³ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁴ Tobacco products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., chewing tobacco or snuff), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁵ Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4^th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁶ Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for illicit drugs, but not receiving treatment for an illicit drug problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). ⁷ Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for alcohol, but not receiving treatment for an alcohol problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). ⁸ Serious Psychological Distress (SPD) was referred to as Serious Mental Illness (SMI) in prior NSDUH reports. Data for SPD are not defined for 12 to 17 year olds; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects those aged 18 or older. ⁹ Underage drinking is defined for persons aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects that age group and not persons 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2003 and 2004.

51031

ALABAMA

Table 2. Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Average Annual Rates of First Use of Marijuana, Past Year Substance Dependence or Abuse, Needing But Not Receiving Treatment, and Serious Psychological Distress in *Alabama*, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2003 and 2004 NSDUHs
Measure	Total 12 or Older	AGE GROUP (Years)
Measure	Total 12 or Older	12-17	18-25	26 or Older
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug¹ Use	6.94	9.79	17.20	4.71
Past Year Marijuana Use	9.01	13.40	25.21	5.51
Past Month Marijuana Use	4.71	6.43	13.79	2.85
Past Month Use of Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana¹	3.63	5.31	8.40	2.55
Past Year Cocaine Use	2.16	1.58	5.63	1.61
Past Year Nonmedical Pain Reliever Use	5.20	8.60	13.73	3.22
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	51.08	40.79	32.60	55.77
Average Annual Rate of First Use of Marijuana²	1.51	5.71	5.84	0.13
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	39.17	15.68	51.70	40.10
Past Month Binge Alcohol³ Use	19.13	9.55	34.58	17.65
Perception of Great Risk of Drinking Five or More Drinks Once or Twice a Week	46.68	43.39	39.46	48.41
TOBACCO
Past Month Tobacco⁴ Use	34.92	17.43	47.28	35.07
Past Month Cigarette Use	27.71	13.48	39.63	27.49
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes Per Day	70.45	63.65	66.01	72.16
PAST YEAR DEPENDENCE, ABUSE,⁵ AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence	1.82	3.08	4.73	1.14
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	2.94	5.20	7.52	1.81
Alcohol Dependence	2.93	1.92	6.28	2.46
Alcohol Dependence or Abuse	5.97	4.81	13.53	4.78
Alcohol or Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	7.41	7.32	17.07	5.69
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,6	2.48	4.77	6.80	1.40
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁷	5.63	4.54	12.87	4.47
Serious Psychological Distress⁸	8.81⁸	--	12.96	8.06
Past Month Alcohol Use (for persons aged 12 to 20)	25.90⁹	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol³Use (for persons aged 12 to 20)	17.16⁹	--	--	--
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana include cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. ² Average Annual Rate = {(Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months) / [(Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months * 0.5) + Number of persons who never used marijuana]} / 2. Both the computation components, Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months and Number of persons who never used marijuana, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. Note that the age group is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ³ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁴ Tobacco products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., chewing tobacco or snuff), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁵ Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4^th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁶ Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for illicit drugs, but not receiving treatment for an illicit drug problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). ⁷ Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for alcohol, but not receiving treatment for an alcohol problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). ⁸ Serious Psychological Distress (SPD) was referred to as Serious Mental Illness (SMI) in prior NSDUH reports. Data for SPD are not defined for 12 to 17 year olds; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects those aged 18 or older. ⁹ Underage drinking is defined for persons aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects that age group and not persons 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2003 and 2004.

51031

ALASKA

Table 3. Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Average Annual Marijuana Initiates, Past Year Substance Dependence or Abuse, Needing But Not Receiving Treatment, and Serious Psychological Distress in *Alaska*, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2003 and 2004 NSDUHs
Measure	Total 12 or Older	AGE GROUP (Years)
Measure	Total 12 or Older	12-17	18-25	26 or Older
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug¹ Use	60	10	18	32
Past Year Marijuana Use	81	13	25	43
Past Month Marijuana Use	50	8	16	26
Past Month Use of Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana¹	20	4	5	11
Past Year Cocaine Use	13	1	6	5
Past Year Nonmedical Pain Reliever Use	29	6	9	14
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	143	19	14	111
Average Annual Number of Marijuana Initiates²	7	4	2	0
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	251	11	40	200
Past Month Binge Alcohol³ Use	110	8	27	74
Perception of Great Risk of Drinking Five or More Drinks Once or Twice a Week	209	26	22	162
TOBACCO
Past Month Tobacco⁴ Use	150	11	33	106
Past Month Cigarette Use	130	9	30	91
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes Per Day	362	47	47	268
PAST YEAR DEPENDENCE, ABUSE,⁵ AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence	11	2	4	5
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	17	4	6	7
Alcohol Dependence	17	2	5	11
Alcohol Dependence or Abuse	38	4	11	23
Alcohol or Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	50	6	15	28
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,6	18	4	6	8
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁷	35	4	11	21
Serious Psychological Distress⁸	38⁸	--	9	29
Past Month Alcohol Use (for persons aged 12 to 20)	26⁹	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol³Use (for persons aged 12 to 20)	19⁹	--	--	--
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana include cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. ² Average Annual Number of Marijuana Initiates = Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months / 2. ³ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁴ Tobacco products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., chewing tobacco or snuff), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁵ Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4^th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁶ Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for illicit drugs, but not receiving treatment for an illicit drug problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). ⁷ Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for alcohol, but not receiving treatment for an alcohol problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). ⁸ Serious Psychological Distress (SPD) was referred to as Serious Mental Illness (SMI) in prior NSDUH reports. Data for SPD are not defined for 12 to 17 year olds; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects those aged 18 or older. ⁹ Underage drinking is defined for persons aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects that age group and not persons 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2003 and 2004.

51031

ALASKA

Table 4. Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Average Annual Rates of First Use of Marijuana, Past Year Substance Dependence or Abuse, Needing But Not Receiving Treatment, and Serious Psychological Distress in *Alaska*, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2003 and 2004 NSDUHs
Measure	Total 12 or Older	AGE GROUP (Years)
Measure	Total 12 or Older	12-17	18-25	26 or Older
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug¹ Use	11.79	14.60	25.15	8.77
Past Year Marijuana Use	15.83	18.44	36.09	11.56
Past Month Marijuana Use	9.88	12.02	23.01	7.03
Past Month Use of Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana¹	3.96	5.53	7.83	2.95
Past Year Cocaine Use	2.48	2.08	8.72	1.39
Past Year Nonmedical Pain Reliever Use	5.68	8.62	12.77	3.81
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	28.18	27.01	20.02	29.93
Average Annual Rate of First Use of Marijuana²	2.64	7.79	7.63	0.14
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	49.36	15.98	57.83	53.91
Past Month Binge Alcohol³ Use	21.54	11.36	39.16	20.13
Perception of Great Risk of Drinking Five or More Drinks Once or Twice a Week	41.17	37.60	31.49	43.64
TOBACCO
Past Month Tobacco⁴ Use	29.59	15.87	47.83	28.71
Past Month Cigarette Use	25.54	13.15	42.66	24.63
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes Per Day	71.23	68.59	66.88	72.54
PAST YEAR DEPENDENCE, ABUSE,⁵ AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence	2.16	3.11	6.08	1.26
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	3.35	6.17	8.95	1.79
Alcohol Dependence	3.43	2.33	6.51	3.06
Alcohol Dependence or Abuse	7.47	5.69	16.31	6.15
Alcohol or Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	9.77	9.28	21.33	7.69
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,6	3.48	5.61	8.49	2.15
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁷	6.93	5.19	15.75	5.60
Serious Psychological Distress⁸	8.75⁸	--	13.43	7.87
Past Month Alcohol Use (for persons aged 12 to 20)	26.29⁹	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol³Use (for persons aged 12 to 20)	19.04⁹	--	--	--
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana include cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. ² Average Annual Rate = {(Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months) / [(Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months * 0.5) + Number of persons who never used marijuana]} / 2. Both the computation components, Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months and Number of persons who never used marijuana, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. Note that the age group is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ³ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁴ Tobacco products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., chewing tobacco or snuff), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁵ Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4^th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁶ Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for illicit drugs, but not receiving treatment for an illicit drug problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). ⁷ Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for alcohol, but not receiving treatment for an alcohol problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). ⁸ Serious Psychological Distress (SPD) was referred to as Serious Mental Illness (SMI) in prior NSDUH reports. Data for SPD are not defined for 12 to 17 year olds; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects those aged 18 or older. ⁹ Underage drinking is defined for persons aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects that age group and not persons 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2003 and 2004.

51031

ARIZONA

Table 5. Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Average Annual Marijuana Initiates, Past Year Substance Dependence or Abuse, Needing But Not Receiving Treatment, and Serious Psychological Distress in *Arizona*, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2003 and 2004 NSDUHs
Measure	Total 12 or Older	AGE GROUP (Years)
Measure	Total 12 or Older	12-17	18-25	26 or Older
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug¹ Use	377	63	112	203
Past Year Marijuana Use	478	83	163	233
Past Month Marijuana Use	268	42	93	134
Past Month Use of Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana¹	182	33	48	102
Past Year Cocaine Use	150	14	54	83
Past Year Nonmedical Pain Reliever Use	243	42	75	125
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	1,826	175	175	1,476
Average Annual Number of Marijuana Initiates²	48	27	17	3
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	2,261	94	359	1,807
Past Month Binge Alcohol³ Use	1,095	62	268	765
Perception of Great Risk of Drinking Five or More Drinks Once or Twice a Week	1,900	181	197	1,522
TOBACCO
Past Month Tobacco⁴ Use	1,282	73	240	969
Past Month Cigarette Use	1,128	60	228	841
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes Per Day	3,374	326	440	2,608
PAST YEAR DEPENDENCE, ABUSE,⁵ AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence	88	19	35	34
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	139	34	48	57
Alcohol Dependence	185	14	53	117
Alcohol Dependence or Abuse	433	37	120	276
Alcohol or Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	497	55	139	302
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,6	130	33	45	53
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁷	423	36	118	270
Serious Psychological Distress⁸	457⁸	--	94	362
Past Month Alcohol Use (for persons aged 12 to 20)	193⁹	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol³Use (for persons aged 12 to 20)	138⁹	--	--	--
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana include cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. ² Average Annual Number of Marijuana Initiates = Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months / 2. ³ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁴ Tobacco products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., chewing tobacco or snuff), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁵ Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4^th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁶ Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for illicit drugs, but not receiving treatment for an illicit drug problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). ⁷ Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for alcohol, but not receiving treatment for an alcohol problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). ⁸ Serious Psychological Distress (SPD) was referred to as Serious Mental Illness (SMI) in prior NSDUH reports. Data for SPD are not defined for 12 to 17 year olds; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects those aged 18 or older. ⁹ Underage drinking is defined for persons aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects that age group and not persons 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2003 and 2004.

51031

ARIZONA

Table 6. Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Average Annual Rates of First Use of Marijuana, Past Year Substance Dependence or Abuse, Needing But Not Receiving Treatment, and Serious Psychological Distress in *Arizona*, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2003 and 2004 NSDUHs
Measure	Total 12 or Older	AGE GROUP (Years)
Measure	Total 12 or Older	12-17	18-25	26 or Older
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug¹ Use	8.29	12.57	17.99	5.91
Past Year Marijuana Use	10.52	16.56	26.17	6.81
Past Month Marijuana Use	5.90	8.33	14.93	3.91
Past Month Use of Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana¹	4.01	6.56	7.65	2.98
Past Year Cocaine Use	3.30	2.76	8.64	2.42
Past Year Nonmedical Pain Reliever Use	5.33	8.46	12.05	3.66
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	40.19	35.12	28.21	43.09
Average Annual Rate of First Use of Marijuana²	1.69	6.63	5.64	0.13
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	49.74	18.94	57.72	52.77
Past Month Binge Alcohol³ Use	24.08	12.49	43.08	22.33
Perception of Great Risk of Drinking Five or More Drinks Once or Twice a Week	41.81	36.36	31.66	44.44
TOBACCO
Past Month Tobacco⁴ Use	28.21	14.60	38.68	28.29
Past Month Cigarette Use	24.83	11.96	36.64	24.56
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes Per Day	74.23	65.32	70.71	76.16
PAST YEAR DEPENDENCE, ABUSE,⁵ AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence	1.93	3.74	5.57	1.00
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	3.06	6.88	7.74	1.66
Alcohol Dependence	4.07	2.87	8.60	3.43
Alcohol Dependence or Abuse	9.52	7.49	19.27	8.05
Alcohol or Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	10.92	10.98	22.43	8.83
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,6	2.86	6.58	7.17	1.54
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁷	9.31	7.18	18.94	7.88
Serious Psychological Distress⁸	11.29⁸	--	15.19	10.58
Past Month Alcohol Use (for persons aged 12 to 20)	27.46⁹	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol³Use (for persons aged 12 to 20)	19.64⁹	--	--	--
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana include cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. ² Average Annual Rate = {(Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months) / [(Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months * 0.5) + Number of persons who never used marijuana]} / 2. Both the computation components, Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months and Number of persons who never used marijuana, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. Note that the age group is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ³ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁴ Tobacco products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., chewing tobacco or snuff), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁵ Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4^th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁶ Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for illicit drugs, but not receiving treatment for an illicit drug problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). ⁷ Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for alcohol, but not receiving treatment for an alcohol problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). ⁸ Serious Psychological Distress (SPD) was referred to as Serious Mental Illness (SMI) in prior NSDUH reports. Data for SPD are not defined for 12 to 17 year olds; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects those aged 18 or older. ⁹ Underage drinking is defined for persons aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects that age group and not persons 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2003 and 2004.

51031

ARKANSAS

Table 7. Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Average Annual Marijuana Initiates, Past Year Substance Dependence or Abuse, Needing But Not Receiving Treatment, and Serious Psychological Distress in *Arkansas*, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2003 and 2004 NSDUHs
Measure	Total 12 or Older	AGE GROUP (Years)
Measure	Total 12 or Older	12-17	18-25	26 or Older
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug¹ Use	170	27	58	84
Past Year Marijuana Use	228	34	91	103
Past Month Marijuana Use	130	20	49	61
Past Month Use of Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana¹	85	15	28	42
Past Year Cocaine Use	43	4	17	23
Past Year Nonmedical Pain Reliever Use	124	25	44	55
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	1,017	88	85	844
Average Annual Number of Marijuana Initiates²	23	12	10	1
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	912	41	172	699
Past Month Binge Alcohol³ Use	464	26	121	317
Perception of Great Risk of Drinking Five or More Drinks Once or Twice a Week	986	90	96	799
TOBACCO
Past Month Tobacco⁴ Use	814	41	162	612
Past Month Cigarette Use	674	33	143	498
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes Per Day	1,595	150	196	1,250
PAST YEAR DEPENDENCE, ABUSE,⁵ AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence	48	7	17	23
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	71	12	27	32
Alcohol Dependence	66	4	20	41
Alcohol Dependence or Abuse	149	13	49	86
Alcohol or Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	186	20	63	104
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,6	65	11	25	29
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁷	142	13	48	81
Serious Psychological Distress⁸	200⁸	--	43	157
Past Month Alcohol Use (for persons aged 12 to 20)	92⁹	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol³Use (for persons aged 12 to 20)	64⁹	--	--	--
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana include cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. ² Average Annual Number of Marijuana Initiates = Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months / 2. ³ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁴ Tobacco products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., chewing tobacco or snuff), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁵ Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4^th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁶ Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for illicit drugs, but not receiving treatment for an illicit drug problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). ⁷ Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for alcohol, but not receiving treatment for an alcohol problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). ⁸ Serious Psychological Distress (SPD) was referred to as Serious Mental Illness (SMI) in prior NSDUH reports. Data for SPD are not defined for 12 to 17 year olds; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects those aged 18 or older. ⁹ Underage drinking is defined for persons aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects that age group and not persons 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2003 and 2004.

51031

ARKANSAS

Table 8. Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Average Annual Rates of First Use of Marijuana, Past Year Substance Dependence or Abuse, Needing But Not Receiving Treatment, and Serious Psychological Distress in *Arkansas*, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2003 and 2004 NSDUHs
Measure	Total 12 or Older	AGE GROUP (Years)
Measure	Total 12 or Older	12-17	18-25	26 or Older
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug¹ Use	7.54	11.54	18.96	4.96
Past Year Marijuana Use	10.16	14.66	29.65	6.05
Past Month Marijuana Use	5.80	8.44	16.07	3.60
Past Month Use of Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana¹	3.80	6.60	9.18	2.46
Past Year Cocaine Use	1.91	1.52	5.44	1.33
Past Year Nonmedical Pain Reliever Use	5.53	10.68	14.41	3.24
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	45.34	37.95	27.58	49.53
Average Annual Rate of First Use of Marijuana²	1.57	5.75	6.38	0.13
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	40.66	17.55	56.04	41.05
Past Month Binge Alcohol³ Use	20.67	11.06	39.53	18.60
Perception of Great Risk of Drinking Five or More Drinks Once or Twice a Week	43.94	38.70	31.43	46.90
TOBACCO
Past Month Tobacco⁴ Use	36.29	17.40	52.78	35.90
Past Month Cigarette Use	30.02	14.21	46.46	29.22
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes Per Day	71.11	64.12	63.75	73.38
PAST YEAR DEPENDENCE, ABUSE,⁵ AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence	2.13	3.15	5.67	1.35
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	3.14	5.04	8.68	1.89
Alcohol Dependence	2.93	1.92	6.57	2.41
Alcohol Dependence or Abuse	6.61	5.49	16.10	5.06
Alcohol or Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	8.29	8.46	20.51	6.08
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,6	2.90	4.86	8.23	1.68
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁷	6.30	5.41	15.70	4.74
Serious Psychological Distress⁸	9.92⁸	--	13.95	9.20
Past Month Alcohol Use (for persons aged 12 to 20)	25.92⁹	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol³Use (for persons aged 12 to 20)	17.97⁹	--	--	--
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana include cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. ² Average Annual Rate = {(Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months) / [(Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months * 0.5) + Number of persons who never used marijuana]} / 2. Both the computation components, Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months and Number of persons who never used marijuana, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. Note that the age group is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ³ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁴ Tobacco products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., chewing tobacco or snuff), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁵ Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4^th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁶ Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for illicit drugs, but not receiving treatment for an illicit drug problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). ⁷ Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for alcohol, but not receiving treatment for an alcohol problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). ⁸ Serious Psychological Distress (SPD) was referred to as Serious Mental Illness (SMI) in prior NSDUH reports. Data for SPD are not defined for 12 to 17 year olds; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects those aged 18 or older. ⁹ Underage drinking is defined for persons aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects that age group and not persons 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2003 and 2004.

51031

CALIFORNIA

Table 9. Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Average Annual Marijuana Initiates, Past Year Substance Dependence or Abuse, Needing But Not Receiving Treatment, and Serious Psychological Distress in *California*, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2003 and 2004 NSDUHs
Measure	Total 12 or Older	AGE GROUP (Years)
Measure	Total 12 or Older	12-17	18-25	26 or Older
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug¹ Use	2,571	387	776	1,408
Past Year Marijuana Use	3,192	469	1,099	1,625
Past Month Marijuana Use	1,933	273	641	1,019
Past Month Use of Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana¹	1,079	191	305	582
Past Year Cocaine Use	735	52	267	417
Past Year Nonmedical Pain Reliever Use	1,486	247	443	796
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	11,437	1,100	1,048	9,290
Average Annual Number of Marijuana Initiates²	320	169	139	13
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	14,594	540	2,206	11,848
Past Month Binge Alcohol³ Use	5,941	330	1,394	4,217
Perception of Great Risk of Drinking Five or More Drinks Once or Twice a Week	12,726	1,252	1,444	10,030
TOBACCO
Past Month Tobacco⁴ Use	5,967	349	1,380	4,238
Past Month Cigarette Use	5,141	279	1,241	3,621
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes Per Day	22,250	2,147	2,864	17,240
PAST YEAR DEPENDENCE, ABUSE,⁵ AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence	609	101	247	261
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	904	175	331	398
Alcohol Dependence	1,001	76	256	669
Alcohol Dependence or Abuse	2,195	204	655	1,336
Alcohol or Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	2,682	296	819	1,568
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,6	861	167	313	381
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁷	2,123	188	642	1,293
Serious Psychological Distress⁸	2,381⁸	--	509	1,871
Past Month Alcohol Use (for persons aged 12 to 20)	1,273⁹	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol³Use (for persons aged 12 to 20)	818⁹	--	--	--
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana include cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. ² Average Annual Number of Marijuana Initiates = Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months / 2. ³ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁴ Tobacco products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., chewing tobacco or snuff), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁵ Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4^th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁶ Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for illicit drugs, but not receiving treatment for an illicit drug problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). ⁷ Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for alcohol, but not receiving treatment for an alcohol problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). ⁸ Serious Psychological Distress (SPD) was referred to as Serious Mental Illness (SMI) in prior NSDUH reports. Data for SPD are not defined for 12 to 17 year olds; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects those aged 18 or older. ⁹ Underage drinking is defined for persons aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects that age group and not persons 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2003 and 2004.

51031

CALIFORNIA

Table 10. Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Average Annual Rates of First Use of Marijuana, Past Year Substance Dependence or Abuse, Needing But Not Receiving Treatment, and Serious Psychological Distress in *California*, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2003 and 2004 NSDUHs
Measure	Total 12 or Older	AGE GROUP (Years)
Measure	Total 12 or Older	12-17	18-25	26 or Older
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug¹ Use	8.92	12.05	19.65	6.49
Past Year Marijuana Use	11.07	14.60	27.82	7.49
Past Month Marijuana Use	6.71	8.52	16.23	4.70
Past Month Use of Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana¹	3.74	5.97	7.73	2.68
Past Year Cocaine Use	2.55	1.61	6.75	1.92
Past Year Nonmedical Pain Reliever Use	5.15	7.70	11.21	3.67
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	39.64	34.28	26.52	42.84
Average Annual Rate of First Use of Marijuana²	1.83	6.10	6.67	0.11
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	50.59	16.81	55.85	54.63
Past Month Binge Alcohol³ Use	20.60	10.27	35.29	19.45
Perception of Great Risk of Drinking Five or More Drinks Once or Twice a Week	44.12	39.02	36.56	46.25
TOBACCO
Past Month Tobacco⁴ Use	20.69	10.88	34.94	19.54
Past Month Cigarette Use	17.82	8.69	31.42	16.70
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes Per Day	77.13	66.88	72.50	79.50
PAST YEAR DEPENDENCE, ABUSE,⁵ AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence	2.11	3.15	6.25	1.20
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	3.14	5.46	8.37	1.84
Alcohol Dependence	3.47	2.36	6.47	3.09
Alcohol Dependence or Abuse	7.61	6.36	16.59	6.16
Alcohol or Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	9.30	9.22	20.72	7.23
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,6	2.99	5.22	7.91	1.76
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁷	7.36	5.86	16.25	5.96
Serious Psychological Distress⁸	9.29⁸	--	12.90	8.63
Past Month Alcohol Use (for persons aged 12 to 20)	26.30⁹	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol³Use (for persons aged 12 to 20)	16.91⁹	--	--	--
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana include cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. ² Average Annual Rate = {(Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months) / [(Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months * 0.5) + Number of persons who never used marijuana]} / 2. Both the computation components, Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months and Number of persons who never used marijuana, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. Note that the age group is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ³ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁴ Tobacco products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., chewing tobacco or snuff), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁵ Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4^th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁶ Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for illicit drugs, but not receiving treatment for an illicit drug problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). ⁷ Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for alcohol, but not receiving treatment for an alcohol problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). ⁸ Serious Psychological Distress (SPD) was referred to as Serious Mental Illness (SMI) in prior NSDUH reports. Data for SPD are not defined for 12 to 17 year olds; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects those aged 18 or older. ⁹ Underage drinking is defined for persons aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects that age group and not persons 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2003 and 2004.

51031

COLORADO

Table 11. Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Average Annual Marijuana Initiates, Past Year Substance Dependence or Abuse, Needing But Not Receiving Treatment, and Serious Psychological Distress in *Colorado*, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2003 and 2004 NSDUHs
Measure	Total 12 or Older	AGE GROUP (Years)
Measure	Total 12 or Older	12-17	18-25	26 or Older
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug¹ Use	379	52	117	210
Past Year Marijuana Use	496	71	156	269
Past Month Marijuana Use	273	38	95	140
Past Month Use of Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana¹	173	22	48	103
Past Year Cocaine Use	127	8	45	75
Past Year Nonmedical Pain Reliever Use	232	31	67	134
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	1,158	120	105	933
Average Annual Number of Marijuana Initiates²	43	24	16	2
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	2,185	84	348	1,754
Past Month Binge Alcohol³ Use	919	46	230	643
Perception of Great Risk of Drinking Five or More Drinks Once or Twice a Week	1,351	130	133	1,088
TOBACCO
Past Month Tobacco⁴ Use	1,144	67	249	828
Past Month Cigarette Use	985	51	220	714
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes Per Day	2,681	260	321	2,100
PAST YEAR DEPENDENCE, ABUSE,⁵ AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence	79	12	29	39
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	124	20	48	56
Alcohol Dependence	147	10	45	92
Alcohol Dependence or Abuse	348	26	102	220
Alcohol or Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	409	36	123	250
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,6	116	19	45	52
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁷	334	25	100	208
Serious Psychological Distress⁸	337⁸	--	70	267
Past Month Alcohol Use (for persons aged 12 to 20)	194⁹	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol³Use (for persons aged 12 to 20)	120⁹	--	--	--
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana include cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. ² Average Annual Number of Marijuana Initiates = Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months / 2. ³ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁴ Tobacco products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., chewing tobacco or snuff), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁵ Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4^th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁶ Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for illicit drugs, but not receiving treatment for an illicit drug problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). ⁷ Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for alcohol, but not receiving treatment for an alcohol problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). ⁸ Serious Psychological Distress (SPD) was referred to as Serious Mental Illness (SMI) in prior NSDUH reports. Data for SPD are not defined for 12 to 17 year olds; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects those aged 18 or older. ⁹ Underage drinking is defined for persons aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects that age group and not persons 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2003 and 2004.

51031

COLORADO

Table 12. Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Average Annual Rates of First Use of Marijuana, Past Year Substance Dependence or Abuse, Needing But Not Receiving Treatment, and Serious Psychological Distress in *Colorado*, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2003 and 2004 NSDUHs
Measure	Total 12 or Older	AGE GROUP (Years)
Measure	Total 12 or Older	12-17	18-25	26 or Older
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug¹ Use	10.18	13.47	23.38	7.41
Past Year Marijuana Use	13.32	18.27	31.16	9.51
Past Month Marijuana Use	7.33	9.83	18.91	4.95
Past Month Use of Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana¹	4.65	5.65	9.58	3.65
Past Year Cocaine Use	3.42	1.96	9.01	2.64
Past Year Nonmedical Pain Reliever Use	6.24	8.05	13.45	4.72
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	31.15	30.97	20.96	32.97
Average Annual Rate of First Use of Marijuana²	2.38	7.92	7.95	0.17
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	58.78	21.55	69.41	62.00
Past Month Binge Alcohol³ Use	24.71	11.86	45.85	22.74
Perception of Great Risk of Drinking Five or More Drinks Once or Twice a Week	36.35	33.42	26.63	38.46
TOBACCO
Past Month Tobacco⁴ Use	30.74	17.33	49.61	29.26
Past Month Cigarette Use	26.49	13.14	43.95	25.24
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes Per Day	72.10	66.78	64.12	74.24
PAST YEAR DEPENDENCE, ABUSE,⁵ AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence	2.13	3.04	5.76	1.37
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	3.32	5.24	9.51	1.97
Alcohol Dependence	3.94	2.59	8.98	3.24
Alcohol Dependence or Abuse	9.36	6.80	20.30	7.78
Alcohol or Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	10.99	9.19	24.61	8.84
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,6	3.10	4.94	8.96	1.82
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁷	8.96	6.49	19.96	7.36
Serious Psychological Distress⁸	10.13⁸	--	13.94	9.46
Past Month Alcohol Use (for persons aged 12 to 20)	33.67⁹	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol³Use (for persons aged 12 to 20)	20.85⁹	--	--	--
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana include cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. ² Average Annual Rate = {(Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months) / [(Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months * 0.5) + Number of persons who never used marijuana]} / 2. Both the computation components, Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months and Number of persons who never used marijuana, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. Note that the age group is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ³ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁴ Tobacco products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., chewing tobacco or snuff), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁵ Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4^th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁶ Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for illicit drugs, but not receiving treatment for an illicit drug problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). ⁷ Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for alcohol, but not receiving treatment for an alcohol problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). ⁸ Serious Psychological Distress (SPD) was referred to as Serious Mental Illness (SMI) in prior NSDUH reports. Data for SPD are not defined for 12 to 17 year olds; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects those aged 18 or older. ⁹ Underage drinking is defined for persons aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects that age group and not persons 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2003 and 2004.

51031

CONNECTICUT

Table 13. Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Average Annual Marijuana Initiates, Past Year Substance Dependence or Abuse, Needing But Not Receiving Treatment, and Serious Psychological Distress in *Connecticut*, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2003 and 2004 NSDUHs
Measure	Total 12 or Older	AGE GROUP (Years)
Measure	Total 12 or Older	12-17	18-25	26 or Older
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug¹ Use	247	35	89	123
Past Year Marijuana Use	361	55	132	174
Past Month Marijuana Use	204	26	81	97
Past Month Use of Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana¹	93	15	29	49
Past Year Cocaine Use	65	5	27	32
Past Year Nonmedical Pain Reliever Use	125	18	42	66
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	979	82	70	827
Average Annual Number of Marijuana Initiates²	35	21	12	2
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	1,750	62	248	1,440
Past Month Binge Alcohol³ Use	701	37	163	501
Perception of Great Risk of Drinking Five or More Drinks Once or Twice a Week	1,089	108	93	888
TOBACCO
Past Month Tobacco⁴ Use	781	49	155	577
Past Month Cigarette Use	683	41	139	503
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes Per Day	2,115	196	230	1,689
PAST YEAR DEPENDENCE, ABUSE,⁵ AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence	56	8	21	26
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	87	16	35	37
Alcohol Dependence	100	6	25	69
Alcohol Dependence or Abuse	227	19	69	139
Alcohol or Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	276	28	83	165
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,6	79	15	31	33
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁷	212	18	64	130
Serious Psychological Distress⁸	233⁸	--	45	187
Past Month Alcohol Use (for persons aged 12 to 20)	149⁹	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol³Use (for persons aged 12 to 20)	98⁹	--	--	--
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana include cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. ² Average Annual Number of Marijuana Initiates = Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months / 2. ³ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁴ Tobacco products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., chewing tobacco or snuff), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁵ Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4^th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁶ Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for illicit drugs, but not receiving treatment for an illicit drug problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). ⁷ Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for alcohol, but not receiving treatment for an alcohol problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). ⁸ Serious Psychological Distress (SPD) was referred to as Serious Mental Illness (SMI) in prior NSDUH reports. Data for SPD are not defined for 12 to 17 year olds; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects those aged 18 or older. ⁹ Underage drinking is defined for persons aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects that age group and not persons 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2003 and 2004.

51031

CONNECTICUT

Table 14. Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Average Annual Rates of First Use of Marijuana, Past Year Substance Dependence or Abuse, Needing But Not Receiving Treatment, and Serious Psychological Distress in *Connecticut*, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2003 and 2004 NSDUHs
Measure	Total 12 or Older	AGE GROUP (Years)
Measure	Total 12 or Older	12-17	18-25	26 or Older
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug¹ Use	8.54	11.69	26.43	5.45
Past Year Marijuana Use	12.50	18.53	39.37	7.70
Past Month Marijuana Use	7.06	8.66	24.09	4.31
Past Month Use of Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana¹	3.21	5.12	8.68	2.15
Past Year Cocaine Use	2.24	1.81	8.15	1.41
Past Year Nonmedical Pain Reliever Use	4.34	5.97	12.49	2.91
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	33.84	27.86	20.70	36.59
Average Annual Rate of First Use of Marijuana²	2.15	8.53	8.07	0.13
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	60.52	20.86	73.79	63.74
Past Month Binge Alcohol³ Use	24.26	12.42	48.56	22.18
Perception of Great Risk of Drinking Five or More Drinks Once or Twice a Week	37.64	36.41	27.71	39.29
TOBACCO
Past Month Tobacco⁴ Use	27.03	16.75	46.02	25.55
Past Month Cigarette Use	23.62	13.96	41.32	22.24
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes Per Day	73.14	66.44	68.41	74.72
PAST YEAR DEPENDENCE, ABUSE,⁵ AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence	1.93	2.77	6.31	1.16
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	3.02	5.34	10.35	1.63
Alcohol Dependence	3.47	1.97	7.54	3.06
Alcohol Dependence or Abuse	7.87	6.44	20.65	6.14
Alcohol or Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	9.56	9.57	24.79	7.29
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,6	2.74	4.92	9.26	1.48
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁷	7.33	6.09	18.92	5.76
Serious Psychological Distress⁸	8.96⁸	--	13.42	8.30
Past Month Alcohol Use (for persons aged 12 to 20)	34.72⁹	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol³Use (for persons aged 12 to 20)	22.80⁹	--	--	--
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana include cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. ² Average Annual Rate = {(Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months) / [(Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months * 0.5) + Number of persons who never used marijuana]} / 2. Both the computation components, Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months and Number of persons who never used marijuana, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. Note that the age group is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ³ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁴ Tobacco products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., chewing tobacco or snuff), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁵ Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4^th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁶ Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for illicit drugs, but not receiving treatment for an illicit drug problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). ⁷ Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for alcohol, but not receiving treatment for an alcohol problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). ⁸ Serious Psychological Distress (SPD) was referred to as Serious Mental Illness (SMI) in prior NSDUH reports. Data for SPD are not defined for 12 to 17 year olds; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects those aged 18 or older. ⁹ Underage drinking is defined for persons aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects that age group and not persons 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2003 and 2004.

51031

DELAWARE

Table 15. Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Average Annual Marijuana Initiates, Past Year Substance Dependence or Abuse, Needing But Not Receiving Treatment, and Serious Psychological Distress in *Delaware*, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2003 and 2004 NSDUHs
Measure	Total 12 or Older	AGE GROUP (Years)
Measure	Total 12 or Older	12-17	18-25	26 or Older
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug¹ Use	58	8	23	27
Past Year Marijuana Use	73	10	29	34
Past Month Marijuana Use	43	5	19	18
Past Month Use of Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana¹	27	4	10	13
Past Year Cocaine Use	17	1	7	10
Past Year Nonmedical Pain Reliever Use	38	6	12	20
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	272	23	20	229
Average Annual Number of Marijuana Initiates²	7	4	3	0
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	345	11	59	275
Past Month Binge Alcohol³ Use	155	7	40	108
Perception of Great Risk of Drinking Five or More Drinks Once or Twice a Week	268	25	27	215
TOBACCO
Past Month Tobacco⁴ Use	194	10	41	143
Past Month Cigarette Use	169	9	37	123
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes Per Day	507	46	62	399
PAST YEAR DEPENDENCE, ABUSE,⁵ AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence	13	2	5	6
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	20	3	8	9
Alcohol Dependence	19	1	5	13
Alcohol Dependence or Abuse	48	3	16	29
Alcohol or Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	59	5	19	35
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,6	18	3	7	8
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁷	44	3	15	26
Serious Psychological Distress⁸	60⁸	--	12	48
Past Month Alcohol Use (for persons aged 12 to 20)	32⁹	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol³Use (for persons aged 12 to 20)	21⁹	--	--	--
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana include cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. ² Average Annual Number of Marijuana Initiates = Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months / 2. ³ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁴ Tobacco products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., chewing tobacco or snuff), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁵ Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4^th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁶ Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for illicit drugs, but not receiving treatment for an illicit drug problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). ⁷ Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for alcohol, but not receiving treatment for an alcohol problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). ⁸ Serious Psychological Distress (SPD) was referred to as Serious Mental Illness (SMI) in prior NSDUH reports. Data for SPD are not defined for 12 to 17 year olds; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects those aged 18 or older. ⁹ Underage drinking is defined for persons aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects that age group and not persons 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2003 and 2004.

51031

DELAWARE

Table 16. Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Average Annual Rates of First Use of Marijuana, Past Year Substance Dependence or Abuse, Needing But Not Receiving Treatment, and Serious Psychological Distress in *Delaware*, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2003 and 2004 NSDUHs
Measure	Total 12 or Older	AGE GROUP (Years)
Measure	Total 12 or Older	12-17	18-25	26 or Older
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug¹ Use	8.56	12.00	25.60	5.15
Past Year Marijuana Use	10.78	15.10	31.65	6.59
Past Month Marijuana Use	6.26	7.47	20.97	3.54
Past Month Use of Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana¹	3.94	5.61	10.52	2.58
Past Year Cocaine Use	2.57	1.47	7.28	1.89
Past Year Nonmedical Pain Reliever Use	5.52	8.13	13.40	3.81
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	40.00	33.59	22.30	43.90
Average Annual Rate of First Use of Marijuana²	1.73	6.59	7.33	0.12
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	50.67	16.95	64.91	52.58
Past Month Binge Alcohol³ Use	22.78	9.93	44.60	20.66
Perception of Great Risk of Drinking Five or More Drinks Once or Twice a Week	39.35	37.34	29.94	41.24
TOBACCO
Past Month Tobacco⁴ Use	28.54	15.34	44.94	27.40
Past Month Cigarette Use	24.89	13.05	41.00	23.63
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes Per Day	74.52	67.68	68.45	76.46
PAST YEAR DEPENDENCE, ABUSE,⁵ AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence	1.98	2.80	5.94	1.18
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	2.98	4.81	8.46	1.79
Alcohol Dependence	2.86	1.79	6.00	2.46
Alcohol Dependence or Abuse	7.03	4.87	17.32	5.52
Alcohol or Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	8.70	7.56	21.15	6.69
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,6	2.63	4.28	7.54	1.56
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁷	6.47	4.60	16.39	4.99
Serious Psychological Distress⁸	9.75⁸	--	13.29	9.14
Past Month Alcohol Use (for persons aged 12 to 20)	31.00⁹	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol³Use (for persons aged 12 to 20)	20.21⁹	--	--	--
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana include cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. ² Average Annual Rate = {(Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months) / [(Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months * 0.5) + Number of persons who never used marijuana]} / 2. Both the computation components, Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months and Number of persons who never used marijuana, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. Note that the age group is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ³ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁴ Tobacco products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., chewing tobacco or snuff), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁵ Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4^th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁶ Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for illicit drugs, but not receiving treatment for an illicit drug problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). ⁷ Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for alcohol, but not receiving treatment for an alcohol problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). ⁸ Serious Psychological Distress (SPD) was referred to as Serious Mental Illness (SMI) in prior NSDUH reports. Data for SPD are not defined for 12 to 17 year olds; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects those aged 18 or older. ⁹ Underage drinking is defined for persons aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects that age group and not persons 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2003 and 2004.

51031

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Table 17. Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Average Annual Marijuana Initiates, Past Year Substance Dependence or Abuse, Needing But Not Receiving Treatment, and Serious Psychological Distress in *District of Columbia*, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2003 and 2004 NSDUHs
Measure	Total 12 or Older	AGE GROUP (Years)
Measure	Total 12 or Older	12-17	18-25	26 or Older
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug¹ Use	45	3	15	26
Past Year Marijuana Use	65	4	22	39
Past Month Marijuana Use	35	2	14	19
Past Month Use of Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana¹	16	1	4	11
Past Year Cocaine Use	14	0	3	11
Past Year Nonmedical Pain Reliever Use	14	1	4	9
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	158	10	14	135
Average Annual Number of Marijuana Initiates²	5	2	3	0
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	265	4	46	215
Past Month Binge Alcohol³ Use	118	2	26	90
Perception of Great Risk of Drinking Five or More Drinks Once or Twice a Week	210	14	25	171
TOBACCO
Past Month Tobacco⁴ Use	134	3	25	106
Past Month Cigarette Use	122	2	22	98
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes Per Day	361	21	52	287
PAST YEAR DEPENDENCE, ABUSE,⁵ AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence	12	1	4	7
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	16	1	6	9
Alcohol Dependence	23	0	5	18
Alcohol Dependence or Abuse	45	1	11	33
Alcohol or Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	54	2	14	38
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,6	13	1	6	7
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁷	43	1	11	31
Serious Psychological Distress⁸	43⁸	--	9	33
Past Month Alcohol Use (for persons aged 12 to 20)	17⁹	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol³Use (for persons aged 12 to 20)	9⁹	--	--	--
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana include cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. ² Average Annual Number of Marijuana Initiates = Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months / 2. ³ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁴ Tobacco products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., chewing tobacco or snuff), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁵ Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4^th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁶ Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for illicit drugs, but not receiving treatment for an illicit drug problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). ⁷ Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for alcohol, but not receiving treatment for an alcohol problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). ⁸ Serious Psychological Distress (SPD) was referred to as Serious Mental Illness (SMI) in prior NSDUH reports. Data for SPD are not defined for 12 to 17 year olds; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects those aged 18 or older. ⁹ Underage drinking is defined for persons aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects that age group and not persons 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2003 and 2004.

51031

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Table 18. Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Average Annual Rates of First Use of Marijuana, Past Year Substance Dependence or Abuse, Needing But Not Receiving Treatment, and Serious Psychological Distress in *District of Columbia*, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2003 and 2004 NSDUHs
Measure	Total 12 or Older	AGE GROUP (Years)
Measure	Total 12 or Older	12-17	18-25	26 or Older
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug¹ Use	9.56	9.67	21.85	7.20
Past Year Marijuana Use	13.81	13.28	30.87	10.59
Past Month Marijuana Use	7.41	5.88	19.93	5.15
Past Month Use of Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana¹	3.35	3.84	5.54	2.88
Past Year Cocaine Use	2.91	0.57	4.09	2.90
Past Year Nonmedical Pain Reliever Use	3.07	4.35	6.33	2.33
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	33.57	29.24	19.59	36.63
Average Annual Rate of First Use of Marijuana²	1.76	5.91	7.00	0.15
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	56.13	12.25	64.98	58.43
Past Month Binge Alcohol³ Use	24.93	5.55	37.20	24.34
Perception of Great Risk of Drinking Five or More Drinks Once or Twice a Week	44.62	43.36	35.01	46.58
TOBACCO
Past Month Tobacco⁴ Use	28.49	8.97	35.71	28.88
Past Month Cigarette Use	25.91	6.71	31.41	26.59
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes Per Day	76.51	63.92	73.97	78.13
PAST YEAR DEPENDENCE, ABUSE,⁵ AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence	2.52	2.08	6.06	1.88
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	3.46	3.95	8.30	2.49
Alcohol Dependence	4.95	1.35	7.19	4.85
Alcohol Dependence or Abuse	9.62	3.47	16.19	8.92
Alcohol or Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	11.38	5.77	19.85	10.27
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,6	2.83	3.78	7.86	1.78
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁷	9.20	3.17	15.90	8.46
Serious Psychological Distress⁸	9.75⁸	--	13.31	9.07
Past Month Alcohol Use (for persons aged 12 to 20)	30.18⁹	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol³Use (for persons aged 12 to 20)	16.51⁹	--	--	--
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana include cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. ² Average Annual Rate = {(Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months) / [(Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months * 0.5) + Number of persons who never used marijuana]} / 2. Both the computation components, Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months and Number of persons who never used marijuana, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. Note that the age group is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ³ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁴ Tobacco products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., chewing tobacco or snuff), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁵ Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4^th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁶ Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for illicit drugs, but not receiving treatment for an illicit drug problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). ⁷ Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for alcohol, but not receiving treatment for an alcohol problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). ⁸ Serious Psychological Distress (SPD) was referred to as Serious Mental Illness (SMI) in prior NSDUH reports. Data for SPD are not defined for 12 to 17 year olds; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects those aged 18 or older. ⁹ Underage drinking is defined for persons aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects that age group and not persons 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2003 and 2004.

51031

FLORIDA

Table 19. Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Average Annual Marijuana Initiates, Past Year Substance Dependence or Abuse, Needing But Not Receiving Treatment, and Serious Psychological Distress in *Florida*, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2003 and 2004 NSDUHs
Measure	Total 12 or Older	AGE GROUP (Years)
Measure	Total 12 or Older	12-17	18-25	26 or Older
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug¹ Use	1,110	141	333	636
Past Year Marijuana Use	1,511	196	482	833
Past Month Marijuana Use	840	100	274	465
Past Month Use of Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana¹	502	70	137	295
Past Year Cocaine Use	360	22	120	217
Past Year Nonmedical Pain Reliever Use	687	97	208	381
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	6,138	503	441	5,194
Average Annual Number of Marijuana Initiates²	130	71	49	9
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	7,301	236	979	6,086
Past Month Binge Alcohol³ Use	3,030	129	646	2,254
Perception of Great Risk of Drinking Five or More Drinks Once or Twice a Week	6,397	549	598	5,251
TOBACCO
Past Month Tobacco⁴ Use	4,032	170	688	3,174
Past Month Cigarette Use	3,436	146	590	2,700
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes Per Day	10,613	921	1,195	8,496
PAST YEAR DEPENDENCE, ABUSE,⁵ AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence	254	35	83	137
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	395	68	129	198
Alcohol Dependence	436	25	112	299
Alcohol Dependence or Abuse	1,014	77	274	662
Alcohol or Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	1,238	115	340	784
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,6	375	64	120	190
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁷	978	74	264	641
Serious Psychological Distress⁸	1,169⁸	--	206	963
Past Month Alcohol Use (for persons aged 12 to 20)	559⁹	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol³Use (for persons aged 12 to 20)	358⁹	--	--	--
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana include cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. ² Average Annual Number of Marijuana Initiates = Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months / 2. ³ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁴ Tobacco products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., chewing tobacco or snuff), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁵ Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4^th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁶ Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for illicit drugs, but not receiving treatment for an illicit drug problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). ⁷ Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for alcohol, but not receiving treatment for an alcohol problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). ⁸ Serious Psychological Distress (SPD) was referred to as Serious Mental Illness (SMI) in prior NSDUH reports. Data for SPD are not defined for 12 to 17 year olds; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects those aged 18 or older. ⁹ Underage drinking is defined for persons aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects that age group and not persons 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2003 and 2004.

51031

FLORIDA

Table 20. Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Average Annual Rates of First Use of Marijuana, Past Year Substance Dependence or Abuse, Needing But Not Receiving Treatment, and Serious Psychological Distress in *Florida*, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2003 and 2004 NSDUHs
Measure	Total 12 or Older	AGE GROUP (Years)
Measure	Total 12 or Older	12-17	18-25	26 or Older
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug¹ Use	7.77	10.27	20.08	5.64
Past Year Marijuana Use	10.57	14.26	29.07	7.39
Past Month Marijuana Use	5.88	7.29	16.52	4.13
Past Month Use of Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana¹	3.51	5.10	8.27	2.61
Past Year Cocaine Use	2.52	1.63	7.25	1.93
Past Year Nonmedical Pain Reliever Use	4.80	7.08	12.55	3.38
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	42.88	36.56	26.58	46.05
Average Annual Rate of First Use of Marijuana²	1.44	5.93	5.94	0.12
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	51.01	17.17	59.01	53.97
Past Month Binge Alcohol³ Use	21.18	9.37	38.96	19.99
Perception of Great Risk of Drinking Five or More Drinks Once or Twice a Week	44.69	39.86	36.06	46.56
TOBACCO
Past Month Tobacco⁴ Use	28.17	12.34	41.50	28.14
Past Month Cigarette Use	24.02	10.63	35.57	23.94
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes Per Day	74.15	66.93	72.07	75.34
PAST YEAR DEPENDENCE, ABUSE,⁵ AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence	1.78	2.52	4.99	1.21
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	2.76	4.91	7.78	1.76
Alcohol Dependence	3.05	1.81	6.76	2.65
Alcohol Dependence or Abuse	7.09	5.62	16.51	5.87
Alcohol or Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	8.66	8.32	20.49	6.95
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,6	2.62	4.68	7.26	1.69
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁷	6.84	5.34	15.92	5.68
Serious Psychological Distress⁸	9.04⁸	--	12.44	8.54
Past Month Alcohol Use (for persons aged 12 to 20)	27.32⁹	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol³Use (for persons aged 12 to 20)	17.48⁹	--	--	--
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana include cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. ² Average Annual Rate = {(Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months) / [(Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months * 0.5) + Number of persons who never used marijuana]} / 2. Both the computation components, Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months and Number of persons who never used marijuana, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. Note that the age group is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ³ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁴ Tobacco products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., chewing tobacco or snuff), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁵ Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4^th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁶ Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for illicit drugs, but not receiving treatment for an illicit drug problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). ⁷ Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for alcohol, but not receiving treatment for an alcohol problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). ⁸ Serious Psychological Distress (SPD) was referred to as Serious Mental Illness (SMI) in prior NSDUH reports. Data for SPD are not defined for 12 to 17 year olds; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects those aged 18 or older. ⁹ Underage drinking is defined for persons aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects that age group and not persons 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2003 and 2004.

51031

GEORGIA

Table 21. Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Average Annual Marijuana Initiates, Past Year Substance Dependence or Abuse, Needing But Not Receiving Treatment, and Serious Psychological Distress in *Georgia*, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2003 and 2004 NSDUHs
Measure	Total 12 or Older	AGE GROUP (Years)
Measure	Total 12 or Older	12-17	18-25	26 or Older
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug¹ Use	560	72	171	317
Past Year Marijuana Use	684	101	222	360
Past Month Marijuana Use	383	48	127	208
Past Month Use of Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana¹	274	37	77	159
Past Year Cocaine Use	156	11	43	102
Past Year Nonmedical Pain Reliever Use	385	63	110	212
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	3,093	297	301	2,495
Average Annual Number of Marijuana Initiates²	69	37	27	5
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	3,188	119	523	2,546
Past Month Binge Alcohol³ Use	1,505	67	335	1,103
Perception of Great Risk of Drinking Five or More Drinks Once or Twice a Week	3,220	328	371	2,521
TOBACCO
Past Month Tobacco⁴ Use	2,154	113	406	1,634
Past Month Cigarette Use	1,816	92	346	1,378
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes Per Day	5,170	521	692	3,956
PAST YEAR DEPENDENCE, ABUSE,⁵ AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence	125	18	36	71
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	197	35	61	102
Alcohol Dependence	193	11	48	134
Alcohol Dependence or Abuse	429	32	122	275
Alcohol or Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	565	54	165	346
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,6	175	34	57	84
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁷	410	31	122	256
Serious Psychological Distress⁸	675⁸	--	136	539
Past Month Alcohol Use (for persons aged 12 to 20)	265⁹	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol³Use (for persons aged 12 to 20)	168⁹	--	--	--
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana include cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. ² Average Annual Number of Marijuana Initiates = Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months / 2. ³ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁴ Tobacco products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., chewing tobacco or snuff), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁵ Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4^th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁶ Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for illicit drugs, but not receiving treatment for an illicit drug problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). ⁷ Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for alcohol, but not receiving treatment for an alcohol problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). ⁸ Serious Psychological Distress (SPD) was referred to as Serious Mental Illness (SMI) in prior NSDUH reports. Data for SPD are not defined for 12 to 17 year olds; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects those aged 18 or older. ⁹ Underage drinking is defined for persons aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects that age group and not persons 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2003 and 2004.

51031

GEORGIA

Table 22. Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Average Annual Rates of First Use of Marijuana, Past Year Substance Dependence or Abuse, Needing But Not Receiving Treatment, and Serious Psychological Distress in *Georgia*, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2003 and 2004 NSDUHs
Measure	Total 12 or Older	AGE GROUP (Years)
Measure	Total 12 or Older	12-17	18-25	26 or Older
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug¹ Use	8.00	9.47	17.72	6.00
Past Year Marijuana Use	9.76	13.29	22.97	6.82
Past Month Marijuana Use	5.47	6.34	13.17	3.93
Past Month Use of Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana¹	3.91	4.90	7.99	3.02
Past Year Cocaine Use	2.22	1.43	4.41	1.94
Past Year Nonmedical Pain Reliever Use	5.49	8.21	11.35	4.02
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	44.14	38.94	31.13	47.28
Average Annual Rate of First Use of Marijuana²	1.68	5.61	5.06	0.15
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	45.49	15.59	54.10	48.25
Past Month Binge Alcohol³ Use	21.48	8.77	34.67	20.90
Perception of Great Risk of Drinking Five or More Drinks Once or Twice a Week	45.96	42.94	38.41	47.78
TOBACCO
Past Month Tobacco⁴ Use	30.74	14.84	42.02	30.97
Past Month Cigarette Use	25.91	11.99	35.78	26.12
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes Per Day	73.77	68.24	71.60	74.98
PAST YEAR DEPENDENCE, ABUSE,⁵ AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence	1.78	2.42	3.67	1.34
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	2.82	4.56	6.29	1.93
Alcohol Dependence	2.75	1.48	4.93	2.53
Alcohol Dependence or Abuse	6.12	4.13	12.61	5.22
Alcohol or Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	8.06	7.01	17.07	6.56
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,6	2.50	4.40	5.92	1.60
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁷	5.85	4.09	12.64	4.85
Serious Psychological Distress⁸	10.81⁸	--	14.04	10.21
Past Month Alcohol Use (for persons aged 12 to 20)	24.20⁹	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol³Use (for persons aged 12 to 20)	15.38⁹	--	--	--
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana include cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. ² Average Annual Rate = {(Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months) / [(Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months * 0.5) + Number of persons who never used marijuana]} / 2. Both the computation components, Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months and Number of persons who never used marijuana, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. Note that the age group is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ³ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁴ Tobacco products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., chewing tobacco or snuff), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁵ Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4^th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁶ Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for illicit drugs, but not receiving treatment for an illicit drug problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). ⁷ Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for alcohol, but not receiving treatment for an alcohol problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). ⁸ Serious Psychological Distress (SPD) was referred to as Serious Mental Illness (SMI) in prior NSDUH reports. Data for SPD are not defined for 12 to 17 year olds; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects those aged 18 or older. ⁹ Underage drinking is defined for persons aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects that age group and not persons 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2003 and 2004.

51031

HAWAII

Table 23. Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Average Annual Marijuana Initiates, Past Year Substance Dependence or Abuse, Needing But Not Receiving Treatment, and Serious Psychological Distress in *Hawaii*, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2003 and 2004 NSDUHs
Measure	Total 12 or Older	AGE GROUP (Years)
Measure	Total 12 or Older	12-17	18-25	26 or Older
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug¹ Use	81	12	23	45
Past Year Marijuana Use	110	17	36	57
Past Month Marijuana Use	66	10	20	36
Past Month Use of Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana¹	29	6	8	15
Past Year Cocaine Use	17	1	7	10
Past Year Nonmedical Pain Reliever Use	32	5	10	17
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	393	32	35	326
Average Annual Number of Marijuana Initiates²	10	5	5	0
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	495	17	73	405
Past Month Binge Alcohol³ Use	232	11	54	167
Perception of Great Risk of Drinking Five or More Drinks Once or Twice a Week	379	39	37	303
TOBACCO
Past Month Tobacco⁴ Use	231	12	47	172
Past Month Cigarette Use	206	9	44	153
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes Per Day	730	68	83	578
PAST YEAR DEPENDENCE, ABUSE,⁵ AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence	19	3	7	9
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	29	6	9	14
Alcohol Dependence	34	3	9	23
Alcohol Dependence or Abuse	75	7	22	46
Alcohol or Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	90	10	27	53
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,6	28	6	8	14
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁷	71	7	21	43
Serious Psychological Distress⁸	65⁸	--	14	51
Past Month Alcohol Use (for persons aged 12 to 20)	40⁹	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol³Use (for persons aged 12 to 20)	29⁹	--	--	--
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana include cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. ² Average Annual Number of Marijuana Initiates = Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months / 2. ³ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁴ Tobacco products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., chewing tobacco or snuff), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁵ Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4^th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁶ Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for illicit drugs, but not receiving treatment for an illicit drug problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). ⁷ Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for alcohol, but not receiving treatment for an alcohol problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). ⁸ Serious Psychological Distress (SPD) was referred to as Serious Mental Illness (SMI) in prior NSDUH reports. Data for SPD are not defined for 12 to 17 year olds; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects those aged 18 or older. ⁹ Underage drinking is defined for persons aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects that age group and not persons 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2003 and 2004.

51031

HAWAII

Table 24. Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Average Annual Rates of First Use of Marijuana, Past Year Substance Dependence or Abuse, Needing But Not Receiving Treatment, and Serious Psychological Distress in *Hawaii*, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2003 and 2004 NSDUHs
Measure	Total 12 or Older	AGE GROUP (Years)
Measure	Total 12 or Older	12-17	18-25	26 or Older
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug¹ Use	7.96	12.27	19.10	5.71
Past Year Marijuana Use	10.80	16.99	29.39	7.19
Past Month Marijuana Use	6.52	9.71	16.62	4.58
Past Month Use of Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana¹	2.81	5.72	6.48	1.88
Past Year Cocaine Use	1.72	1.30	5.37	1.21
Past Year Nonmedical Pain Reliever Use	3.13	5.30	8.01	2.11
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	38.82	32.02	28.83	41.21
Average Annual Rate of First Use of Marijuana²	1.80	7.45	7.69	0.06
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	48.85	16.44	60.31	51.18
Past Month Binge Alcohol³ Use	22.83	10.86	44.29	21.07
Perception of Great Risk of Drinking Five or More Drinks Once or Twice a Week	37.39	38.54	30.49	38.30
TOBACCO
Past Month Tobacco⁴ Use	22.81	12.39	38.61	21.72
Past Month Cigarette Use	20.34	8.96	35.98	19.39
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes Per Day	71.98	67.50	68.44	73.08
PAST YEAR DEPENDENCE, ABUSE,⁵ AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence	1.84	2.65	5.61	1.16
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	2.83	5.88	7.18	1.78
Alcohol Dependence	3.38	2.92	7.21	2.85
Alcohol Dependence or Abuse	7.38	6.89	17.87	5.84
Alcohol or Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	8.83	10.03	22.08	6.66
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,6	2.71	5.64	6.83	1.71
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁷	6.97	6.75	17.36	5.41
Serious Psychological Distress⁸	7.14⁸	--	11.89	6.42
Past Month Alcohol Use (for persons aged 12 to 20)	26.75⁹	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol³Use (for persons aged 12 to 20)	19.53⁹	--	--	--
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana include cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. ² Average Annual Rate = {(Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months) / [(Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months * 0.5) + Number of persons who never used marijuana]} / 2. Both the computation components, Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months and Number of persons who never used marijuana, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. Note that the age group is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ³ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁴ Tobacco products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., chewing tobacco or snuff), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁵ Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4^th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁶ Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for illicit drugs, but not receiving treatment for an illicit drug problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). ⁷ Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for alcohol, but not receiving treatment for an alcohol problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). ⁸ Serious Psychological Distress (SPD) was referred to as Serious Mental Illness (SMI) in prior NSDUH reports. Data for SPD are not defined for 12 to 17 year olds; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects those aged 18 or older. ⁹ Underage drinking is defined for persons aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects that age group and not persons 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2003 and 2004.

51031

IDAHO

Table 25. Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Average Annual Marijuana Initiates, Past Year Substance Dependence or Abuse, Needing But Not Receiving Treatment, and Serious Psychological Distress in *Idaho*, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2003 and 2004 NSDUHs
Measure	Total 12 or Older	AGE GROUP (Years)
Measure	Total 12 or Older	12-17	18-25	26 or Older
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug¹ Use	77	13	24	40
Past Year Marijuana Use	102	18	39	45
Past Month Marijuana Use	54	9	19	25
Past Month Use of Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana¹	38	6	12	20
Past Year Cocaine Use	20	2	8	9
Past Year Nonmedical Pain Reliever Use	59	10	21	28
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	433	47	44	342
Average Annual Number of Marijuana Initiates²	13	7	5	1
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	531	22	95	414
Past Month Binge Alcohol³ Use	237	15	67	155
Perception of Great Risk of Drinking Five or More Drinks Once or Twice a Week	433	48	51	334
TOBACCO
Past Month Tobacco⁴ Use	299	19	74	206
Past Month Cigarette Use	251	15	67	169
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes Per Day	812	87	115	609
PAST YEAR DEPENDENCE, ABUSE,⁵ AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence	19	4	7	8
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	31	7	11	12
Alcohol Dependence	40	4	13	24
Alcohol Dependence or Abuse	89	9	28	52
Alcohol or Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	101	13	31	57
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,6	28	6	10	11
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁷	85	9	26	49
Serious Psychological Distress⁸	105⁸	--	26	79
Past Month Alcohol Use (for persons aged 12 to 20)	56⁹	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol³Use (for persons aged 12 to 20)	40⁹	--	--	--
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana include cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. ² Average Annual Number of Marijuana Initiates = Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months / 2. ³ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁴ Tobacco products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., chewing tobacco or snuff), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁵ Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4^th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁶ Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for illicit drugs, but not receiving treatment for an illicit drug problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). ⁷ Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for alcohol, but not receiving treatment for an alcohol problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). ⁸ Serious Psychological Distress (SPD) was referred to as Serious Mental Illness (SMI) in prior NSDUH reports. Data for SPD are not defined for 12 to 17 year olds; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects those aged 18 or older. ⁹ Underage drinking is defined for persons aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects that age group and not persons 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2003 and 2004.

51031

IDAHO

Table 26. Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Average Annual Rates of First Use of Marijuana, Past Year Substance Dependence or Abuse, Needing But Not Receiving Treatment, and Serious Psychological Distress in *Idaho*, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2003 and 2004 NSDUHs
Measure	Total 12 or Older	AGE GROUP (Years)
Measure	Total 12 or Older	12-17	18-25	26 or Older
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug¹ Use	6.94	10.24	14.31	4.91
Past Year Marijuana Use	9.18	14.21	23.19	5.50
Past Month Marijuana Use	4.83	7.29	11.26	3.13
Past Month Use of Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana¹	3.44	5.04	6.87	2.48
Past Year Cocaine Use	1.78	1.85	4.91	1.12
Past Year Nonmedical Pain Reliever Use	5.32	8.14	12.44	3.41
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	38.96	36.60	26.30	41.95
Average Annual Rate of First Use of Marijuana²	2.06	6.54	5.83	0.18
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	47.75	17.21	56.00	50.81
Past Month Binge Alcohol³ Use	21.31	11.64	39.73	19.02
Perception of Great Risk of Drinking Five or More Drinks Once or Twice a Week	38.96	37.88	30.34	40.91
TOBACCO
Past Month Tobacco⁴ Use	26.88	14.51	44.04	25.27
Past Month Cigarette Use	22.56	11.82	39.90	20.67
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes Per Day	73.03	68.39	68.40	74.71
PAST YEAR DEPENDENCE, ABUSE,⁵ AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence	1.73	3.07	4.16	1.02
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	2.75	5.56	6.73	1.49
Alcohol Dependence	3.59	2.75	7.44	2.93
Alcohol Dependence or Abuse	7.99	7.28	16.40	6.37
Alcohol or Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	9.04	9.91	18.53	6.95
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,6	2.54	5.08	6.21	1.39
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁷	7.61	7.12	15.58	6.04
Serious Psychological Distress⁸	10.66⁸	--	15.62	9.64
Past Month Alcohol Use (for persons aged 12 to 20)	27.85⁹	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol³Use (for persons aged 12 to 20)	19.94⁹	--	--	--
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana include cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. ² Average Annual Rate = {(Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months) / [(Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months * 0.5) + Number of persons who never used marijuana]} / 2. Both the computation components, Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months and Number of persons who never used marijuana, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. Note that the age group is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ³ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁴ Tobacco products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., chewing tobacco or snuff), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁵ Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4^th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁶ Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for illicit drugs, but not receiving treatment for an illicit drug problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). ⁷ Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for alcohol, but not receiving treatment for an alcohol problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). ⁸ Serious Psychological Distress (SPD) was referred to as Serious Mental Illness (SMI) in prior NSDUH reports. Data for SPD are not defined for 12 to 17 year olds; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects those aged 18 or older. ⁹ Underage drinking is defined for persons aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects that age group and not persons 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2003 and 2004.

51031

ILLINOIS

Table 27. Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Average Annual Marijuana Initiates, Past Year Substance Dependence or Abuse, Needing But Not Receiving Treatment, and Serious Psychological Distress in *Illinois*, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2003 and 2004 NSDUHs
Measure	Total 12 or Older	AGE GROUP (Years)
Measure	Total 12 or Older	12-17	18-25	26 or Older
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug¹ Use	788	99	273	417
Past Year Marijuana Use	1,084	150	393	541
Past Month Marijuana Use	594	69	233	292
Past Month Use of Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana¹	337	49	103	185
Past Year Cocaine Use	253	16	87	150
Past Year Nonmedical Pain Reliever Use	422	67	153	202
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	3,953	376	346	3,231
Average Annual Number of Marijuana Initiates²	109	59	45	5
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	5,501	191	920	4,390
Past Month Binge Alcohol³ Use	2,693	118	675	1,900
Perception of Great Risk of Drinking Five or More Drinks Once or Twice a Week	4,012	406	444	3,161
TOBACCO
Past Month Tobacco⁴ Use	3,253	145	671	2,436
Past Month Cigarette Use	2,808	121	612	2,075
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes Per Day	7,436	715	941	5,780
PAST YEAR DEPENDENCE, ABUSE,⁵ AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence	198	31	71	97
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	300	54	114	132
Alcohol Dependence	391	23	117	252
Alcohol Dependence or Abuse	919	66	290	563
Alcohol or Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	1,065	94	347	624
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,6	271	50	106	115
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁷	887	63	287	538
Serious Psychological Distress⁸	827⁸	--	167	660
Past Month Alcohol Use (for persons aged 12 to 20)	498⁹	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol³Use (for persons aged 12 to 20)	355⁹	--	--	--
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana include cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. ² Average Annual Number of Marijuana Initiates = Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months / 2. ³ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁴ Tobacco products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., chewing tobacco or snuff), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁵ Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4^th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁶ Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for illicit drugs, but not receiving treatment for an illicit drug problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). ⁷ Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for alcohol, but not receiving treatment for an alcohol problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). ⁸ Serious Psychological Distress (SPD) was referred to as Serious Mental Illness (SMI) in prior NSDUH reports. Data for SPD are not defined for 12 to 17 year olds; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects those aged 18 or older. ⁹ Underage drinking is defined for persons aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects that age group and not persons 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2003 and 2004.

51031

ILLINOIS

Table 28. Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Average Annual Rates of First Use of Marijuana, Past Year Substance Dependence or Abuse, Needing But Not Receiving Treatment, and Serious Psychological Distress in *Illinois*, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2003 and 2004 NSDUHs
Measure	Total 12 or Older	AGE GROUP (Years)
Measure	Total 12 or Older	12-17	18-25	26 or Older
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug¹ Use	7.62	9.10	19.46	5.30
Past Year Marijuana Use	10.47	13.76	28.04	6.88
Past Month Marijuana Use	5.74	6.34	16.64	3.72
Past Month Use of Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana¹	3.26	4.53	7.37	2.35
Past Year Cocaine Use	2.44	1.43	6.20	1.91
Past Year Nonmedical Pain Reliever Use	4.08	6.18	10.90	2.57
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	38.18	34.52	24.74	41.08
Average Annual Rate of First Use of Marijuana²	1.74	6.16	6.53	0.12
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	53.12	17.55	65.68	55.83
Past Month Binge Alcohol³ Use	26.01	10.85	48.19	24.16
Perception of Great Risk of Drinking Five or More Drinks Once or Twice a Week	38.75	37.29	31.71	40.20
TOBACCO
Past Month Tobacco⁴ Use	31.42	13.35	47.93	30.98
Past Month Cigarette Use	27.12	11.06	43.73	26.39
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes Per Day	71.82	65.62	67.19	73.51
PAST YEAR DEPENDENCE, ABUSE,⁵ AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence	1.91	2.80	5.07	1.23
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	2.90	4.95	8.16	1.67
Alcohol Dependence	3.78	2.08	8.32	3.20
Alcohol Dependence or Abuse	8.88	6.02	20.70	7.16
Alcohol or Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	10.29	8.61	24.79	7.93
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,6	2.62	4.60	7.57	1.46
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁷	8.57	5.77	20.49	6.84
Serious Psychological Distress⁸	8.93⁸	--	11.90	8.39
Past Month Alcohol Use (for persons aged 12 to 20)	30.35⁹	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol³Use (for persons aged 12 to 20)	21.65⁹	--	--	--
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana include cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. ² Average Annual Rate = {(Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months) / [(Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months * 0.5) + Number of persons who never used marijuana]} / 2. Both the computation components, Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months and Number of persons who never used marijuana, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. Note that the age group is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ³ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁴ Tobacco products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., chewing tobacco or snuff), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁵ Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4^th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁶ Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for illicit drugs, but not receiving treatment for an illicit drug problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). ⁷ Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for alcohol, but not receiving treatment for an alcohol problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). ⁸ Serious Psychological Distress (SPD) was referred to as Serious Mental Illness (SMI) in prior NSDUH reports. Data for SPD are not defined for 12 to 17 year olds; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects those aged 18 or older. ⁹ Underage drinking is defined for persons aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects that age group and not persons 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2003 and 2004.

51031

INDIANA

Table 29. Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Average Annual Marijuana Initiates, Past Year Substance Dependence or Abuse, Needing But Not Receiving Treatment, and Serious Psychological Distress in *Indiana*, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2003 and 2004 NSDUHs
Measure	Total 12 or Older	AGE GROUP (Years)
Measure	Total 12 or Older	12-17	18-25	26 or Older
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug¹ Use	377	56	131	190
Past Year Marijuana Use	527	74	204	249
Past Month Marijuana Use	285	42	105	139
Past Month Use of Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana¹	180	29	61	90
Past Year Cocaine Use	121	10	48	64
Past Year Nonmedical Pain Reliever Use	277	45	102	129
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	2,090	198	171	1,721
Average Annual Number of Marijuana Initiates²	54	27	23	4
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	2,403	89	436	1,878
Past Month Binge Alcohol³ Use	1,102	56	309	736
Perception of Great Risk of Drinking Five or More Drinks Once or Twice a Week	2,057	207	214	1,636
TOBACCO
Past Month Tobacco⁴ Use	1,640	79	343	1,218
Past Month Cigarette Use	1,391	69	302	1,020
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes Per Day	3,621	350	469	2,803
PAST YEAR DEPENDENCE, ABUSE,⁵ AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence	103	15	41	47
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	154	27	62	65
Alcohol Dependence	169	12	54	103
Alcohol Dependence or Abuse	382	31	128	223
Alcohol or Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	460	45	158	257
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,6	135	25	54	55
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁷	355	30	121	205
Serious Psychological Distress⁸	467⁸	--	98	369
Past Month Alcohol Use (for persons aged 12 to 20)	218⁹	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol³Use (for persons aged 12 to 20)	151⁹	--	--	--
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana include cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. ² Average Annual Number of Marijuana Initiates = Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months / 2. ³ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁴ Tobacco products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., chewing tobacco or snuff), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁵ Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4^th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁶ Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for illicit drugs, but not receiving treatment for an illicit drug problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). ⁷ Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for alcohol, but not receiving treatment for an alcohol problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). ⁸ Serious Psychological Distress (SPD) was referred to as Serious Mental Illness (SMI) in prior NSDUH reports. Data for SPD are not defined for 12 to 17 year olds; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects those aged 18 or older. ⁹ Underage drinking is defined for persons aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects that age group and not persons 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2003 and 2004.

51031

INDIANA

Table 30. Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Average Annual Rates of First Use of Marijuana, Past Year Substance Dependence or Abuse, Needing But Not Receiving Treatment, and Serious Psychological Distress in *Indiana*, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2003 and 2004 NSDUHs
Measure	Total 12 or Older	AGE GROUP (Years)
Measure	Total 12 or Older	12-17	18-25	26 or Older
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug¹ Use	7.41	10.26	18.36	4.99
Past Year Marijuana Use	10.35	13.55	28.64	6.52
Past Month Marijuana Use	5.59	7.61	14.70	3.63
Past Month Use of Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana¹	3.53	5.30	8.56	2.35
Past Year Cocaine Use	2.37	1.75	6.68	1.67
Past Year Nonmedical Pain Reliever Use	5.44	8.31	14.40	3.38
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	41.23	36.31	24.06	45.09
Average Annual Rate of First Use of Marijuana²	1.80	5.76	7.33	0.16
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	47.37	16.20	61.28	49.22
Past Month Binge Alcohol³ Use	21.70	10.32	43.47	19.30
Perception of Great Risk of Drinking Five or More Drinks Once or Twice a Week	40.56	37.95	30.12	42.86
TOBACCO
Past Month Tobacco⁴ Use	32.32	14.45	48.20	31.92
Past Month Cigarette Use	27.40	12.59	42.48	26.73
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes Per Day	71.39	64.07	65.86	73.44
PAST YEAR DEPENDENCE, ABUSE,⁵ AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence	2.02	2.77	5.75	1.23
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	3.02	4.85	8.74	1.71
Alcohol Dependence	3.32	2.17	7.54	2.71
Alcohol Dependence or Abuse	7.51	5.64	18.00	5.85
Alcohol or Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	9.04	8.18	22.27	6.73
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,6	2.64	4.62	7.59	1.45
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁷	6.99	5.43	16.95	5.38
Serious Psychological Distress⁸	10.31⁸	--	13.75	9.68
Past Month Alcohol Use (for persons aged 12 to 20)	26.74⁹	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol³Use (for persons aged 12 to 20)	18.60⁹	--	--	--
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana include cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. ² Average Annual Rate = {(Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months) / [(Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months * 0.5) + Number of persons who never used marijuana]} / 2. Both the computation components, Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months and Number of persons who never used marijuana, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. Note that the age group is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ³ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁴ Tobacco products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., chewing tobacco or snuff), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁵ Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4^th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁶ Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for illicit drugs, but not receiving treatment for an illicit drug problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). ⁷ Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for alcohol, but not receiving treatment for an alcohol problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). ⁸ Serious Psychological Distress (SPD) was referred to as Serious Mental Illness (SMI) in prior NSDUH reports. Data for SPD are not defined for 12 to 17 year olds; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects those aged 18 or older. ⁹ Underage drinking is defined for persons aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects that age group and not persons 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2003 and 2004.

51031

IOWA

Table 31. Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Average Annual Marijuana Initiates, Past Year Substance Dependence or Abuse, Needing But Not Receiving Treatment, and Serious Psychological Distress in *Iowa*, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2003 and 2004 NSDUHs
Measure	Total 12 or Older	AGE GROUP (Years)
Measure	Total 12 or Older	12-17	18-25	26 or Older
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug¹ Use	161	21	58	82
Past Year Marijuana Use	231	30	96	105
Past Month Marijuana Use	116	16	46	54
Past Month Use of Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana¹	77	11	26	41
Past Year Cocaine Use	54	4	22	28
Past Year Nonmedical Pain Reliever Use	90	14	35	40
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	1,018	99	89	830
Average Annual Number of Marijuana Initiates²	27	12	14	1
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	1,328	48	252	1,028
Past Month Binge Alcohol³ Use	699	34	193	472
Perception of Great Risk of Drinking Five or More Drinks Once or Twice a Week	830	79	86	665
TOBACCO
Past Month Tobacco⁴ Use	778	36	179	563
Past Month Cigarette Use	668	32	156	479
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes Per Day	1,680	159	225	1,296
PAST YEAR DEPENDENCE, ABUSE,⁵ AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence	41	6	15	21
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	67	11	26	31
Alcohol Dependence	88	6	30	52
Alcohol Dependence or Abuse	232	18	83	131
Alcohol or Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	258	23	91	145
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,6	61	9	24	27
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁷	217	16	79	122
Serious Psychological Distress⁸	209⁸	--	49	160
Past Month Alcohol Use (for persons aged 12 to 20)	137⁹	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol³Use (for persons aged 12 to 20)	107⁹	--	--	--
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana include cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. ² Average Annual Number of Marijuana Initiates = Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months / 2. ³ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁴ Tobacco products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., chewing tobacco or snuff), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁵ Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4^th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁶ Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for illicit drugs, but not receiving treatment for an illicit drug problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). ⁷ Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for alcohol, but not receiving treatment for an alcohol problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). ⁸ Serious Psychological Distress (SPD) was referred to as Serious Mental Illness (SMI) in prior NSDUH reports. Data for SPD are not defined for 12 to 17 year olds; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects those aged 18 or older. ⁹ Underage drinking is defined for persons aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects that age group and not persons 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2003 and 2004.

51031

IOWA

Table 32. Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Average Annual Rates of First Use of Marijuana, Past Year Substance Dependence or Abuse, Needing But Not Receiving Treatment, and Serious Psychological Distress in *Iowa*, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2003 and 2004 NSDUHs
Measure	Total 12 or Older	AGE GROUP (Years)
Measure	Total 12 or Older	12-17	18-25	26 or Older
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug¹ Use	6.52	8.77	16.26	4.39
Past Year Marijuana Use	9.35	12.15	27.06	5.65
Past Month Marijuana Use	4.70	6.38	13.09	2.90
Past Month Use of Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana¹	3.15	4.47	7.29	2.19
Past Year Cocaine Use	2.21	1.69	6.29	1.51
Past Year Nonmedical Pain Reliever Use	3.66	5.95	9.96	2.17
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	41.44	40.60	25.08	44.63
Average Annual Rate of First Use of Marijuana²	1.67	5.26	7.52	0.13
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	54.04	19.60	71.26	55.26
Past Month Binge Alcohol³ Use	28.42	14.08	54.55	25.35
Perception of Great Risk of Drinking Five or More Drinks Once or Twice a Week	33.78	32.36	24.41	35.74
TOBACCO
Past Month Tobacco⁴ Use	31.64	14.70	50.64	30.25
Past Month Cigarette Use	27.14	13.21	44.09	25.75
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes Per Day	68.34	65.11	63.48	69.67
PAST YEAR DEPENDENCE, ABUSE,⁵ AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence	1.68	2.35	4.13	1.13
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	2.73	4.35	7.35	1.65
Alcohol Dependence	3.57	2.40	8.56	2.78
Alcohol Dependence or Abuse	9.42	7.31	23.33	7.07
Alcohol or Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	10.49	9.29	25.61	7.79
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,6	2.47	3.90	6.80	1.46
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁷	8.82	6.53	22.38	6.56
Serious Psychological Distress⁸	9.44⁸	--	13.87	8.60
Past Month Alcohol Use (for persons aged 12 to 20)	35.60⁹	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol³Use (for persons aged 12 to 20)	27.67⁹	--	--	--
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana include cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. ² Average Annual Rate = {(Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months) / [(Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months * 0.5) + Number of persons who never used marijuana]} / 2. Both the computation components, Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months and Number of persons who never used marijuana, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. Note that the age group is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ³ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁴ Tobacco products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., chewing tobacco or snuff), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁵ Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4^th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁶ Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for illicit drugs, but not receiving treatment for an illicit drug problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). ⁷ Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for alcohol, but not receiving treatment for an alcohol problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). ⁸ Serious Psychological Distress (SPD) was referred to as Serious Mental Illness (SMI) in prior NSDUH reports. Data for SPD are not defined for 12 to 17 year olds; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects those aged 18 or older. ⁹ Underage drinking is defined for persons aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects that age group and not persons 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2003 and 2004.

51031

KANSAS

Table 33. Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Average Annual Marijuana Initiates, Past Year Substance Dependence or Abuse, Needing But Not Receiving Treatment, and Serious Psychological Distress in *Kansas*, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2003 and 2004 NSDUHs
Measure	Total 12 or Older	AGE GROUP (Years)
Measure	Total 12 or Older	12-17	18-25	26 or Older
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug¹ Use	148	25	52	71
Past Year Marijuana Use	203	33	78	93
Past Month Marijuana Use	111	18	44	49
Past Month Use of Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana¹	69	12	22	34
Past Year Cocaine Use	45	4	20	22
Past Year Nonmedical Pain Reliever Use	94	16	34	45
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	965	98	83	784
Average Annual Number of Marijuana Initiates²	26	13	12	1
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	1,077	46	214	816
Past Month Binge Alcohol³ Use	539	32	156	352
Perception of Great Risk of Drinking Five or More Drinks Once or Twice a Week	888	93	87	708
TOBACCO
Past Month Tobacco⁴ Use	742	41	162	539
Past Month Cigarette Use	618	35	139	444
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes Per Day	1,579	153	209	1,217
PAST YEAR DEPENDENCE, ABUSE,⁵ AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence	40	6	16	18
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	60	11	23	25
Alcohol Dependence	72	6	24	43
Alcohol Dependence or Abuse	181	17	67	97
Alcohol or Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	205	22	75	108
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,6	52	10	22	20
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁷	172	16	64	91
Serious Psychological Distress⁸	192⁸	--	48	144
Past Month Alcohol Use (for persons aged 12 to 20)	119⁹	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol³Use (for persons aged 12 to 20)	89⁹	--	--	--
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana include cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. ² Average Annual Number of Marijuana Initiates = Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months / 2. ³ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁴ Tobacco products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., chewing tobacco or snuff), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁵ Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4^th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁶ Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for illicit drugs, but not receiving treatment for an illicit drug problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). ⁷ Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for alcohol, but not receiving treatment for an alcohol problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). ⁸ Serious Psychological Distress (SPD) was referred to as Serious Mental Illness (SMI) in prior NSDUH reports. Data for SPD are not defined for 12 to 17 year olds; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects those aged 18 or older. ⁹ Underage drinking is defined for persons aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects that age group and not persons 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2003 and 2004.

51031

KANSAS

Table 34. Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Average Annual Rates of First Use of Marijuana, Past Year Substance Dependence or Abuse, Needing But Not Receiving Treatment, and Serious Psychological Distress in *Kansas*, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2003 and 2004 NSDUHs
Measure	Total 12 or Older	AGE GROUP (Years)
Measure	Total 12 or Older	12-17	18-25	26 or Older
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug¹ Use	6.66	10.39	16.00	4.29
Past Year Marijuana Use	9.17	13.84	23.96	5.60
Past Month Marijuana Use	5.02	7.63	13.60	2.97
Past Month Use of Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana¹	3.10	5.23	6.91	2.05
Past Year Cocaine Use	2.04	1.55	6.17	1.30
Past Year Nonmedical Pain Reliever Use	4.23	6.63	10.33	2.69
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	43.51	41.37	25.68	47.32
Average Annual Rate of First Use of Marijuana²	1.84	6.04	7.71	0.14
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	48.54	19.47	66.03	49.30
Past Month Binge Alcohol³ Use	24.32	13.27	48.12	21.25
Perception of Great Risk of Drinking Five or More Drinks Once or Twice a Week	40.05	39.23	26.88	42.75
TOBACCO
Past Month Tobacco⁴ Use	33.44	17.34	49.89	32.53
Past Month Cigarette Use	27.87	14.89	42.90	26.79
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes Per Day	71.20	64.53	64.29	73.52
PAST YEAR DEPENDENCE, ABUSE,⁵ AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence	1.80	2.41	5.03	1.09
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	2.69	4.80	7.19	1.50
Alcohol Dependence	3.27	2.41	7.46	2.57
Alcohol Dependence or Abuse	8.15	7.13	20.67	5.84
Alcohol or Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	9.26	9.39	23.06	6.54
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,6	2.35	4.31	6.70	1.22
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁷	7.76	6.81	19.85	5.53
Serious Psychological Distress⁸	9.71⁸	--	14.86	8.70
Past Month Alcohol Use (for persons aged 12 to 20)	32.19⁹	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol³Use (for persons aged 12 to 20)	24.11⁹	--	--	--
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana include cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. ² Average Annual Rate = {(Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months) / [(Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months * 0.5) + Number of persons who never used marijuana]} / 2. Both the computation components, Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months and Number of persons who never used marijuana, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. Note that the age group is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ³ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁴ Tobacco products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., chewing tobacco or snuff), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁵ Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4^th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁶ Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for illicit drugs, but not receiving treatment for an illicit drug problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). ⁷ Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for alcohol, but not receiving treatment for an alcohol problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). ⁸ Serious Psychological Distress (SPD) was referred to as Serious Mental Illness (SMI) in prior NSDUH reports. Data for SPD are not defined for 12 to 17 year olds; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects those aged 18 or older. ⁹ Underage drinking is defined for persons aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects that age group and not persons 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2003 and 2004.

51031

KENTUCKY

Table 35. Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Average Annual Marijuana Initiates, Past Year Substance Dependence or Abuse, Needing But Not Receiving Treatment, and Serious Psychological Distress in *Kentucky*, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2003 and 2004 NSDUHs
Measure	Total 12 or Older	AGE GROUP (Years)
Measure	Total 12 or Older	12-17	18-25	26 or Older
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug¹ Use	294	41	90	163
Past Year Marijuana Use	361	54	111	195
Past Month Marijuana Use	219	29	70	120
Past Month Use of Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana¹	138	22	44	72
Past Year Cocaine Use	84	6	30	48
Past Year Nonmedical Pain Reliever Use	215	37	72	107
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	1,408	132	126	1,150
Average Annual Number of Marijuana Initiates²	34	20	12	2
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	1,380	66	260	1,054
Past Month Binge Alcohol³ Use	686	40	183	463
Perception of Great Risk of Drinking Five or More Drinks Once or Twice a Week	1,362	126	150	1,086
TOBACCO
Past Month Tobacco⁴ Use	1,328	82	254	992
Past Month Cigarette Use	1,133	63	221	849
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes Per Day	2,182	216	260	1,706
PAST YEAR DEPENDENCE, ABUSE,⁵ AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence	74	10	25	39
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	105	16	37	52
Alcohol Dependence	98	6	27	64
Alcohol Dependence or Abuse	220	18	64	137
Alcohol or Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	287	27	82	178
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,6	98	16	35	48
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁷	212	18	62	132
Serious Psychological Distress⁸	357⁸	--	69	288
Past Month Alcohol Use (for persons aged 12 to 20)	154⁹	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol³Use (for persons aged 12 to 20)	101⁹	--	--	--
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana include cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. ² Average Annual Number of Marijuana Initiates = Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months / 2. ³ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁴ Tobacco products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., chewing tobacco or snuff), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁵ Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4^th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁶ Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for illicit drugs, but not receiving treatment for an illicit drug problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). ⁷ Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for alcohol, but not receiving treatment for an alcohol problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). ⁸ Serious Psychological Distress (SPD) was referred to as Serious Mental Illness (SMI) in prior NSDUH reports. Data for SPD are not defined for 12 to 17 year olds; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects those aged 18 or older. ⁹ Underage drinking is defined for persons aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects that age group and not persons 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2003 and 2004.

51031

KENTUCKY

Table 36. Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Average Annual Rates of First Use of Marijuana, Past Year Substance Dependence or Abuse, Needing But Not Receiving Treatment, and Serious Psychological Distress in *Kentucky*, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2003 and 2004 NSDUHs
Measure	Total 12 or Older	AGE GROUP (Years)
Measure	Total 12 or Older	12-17	18-25	26 or Older
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug¹ Use	8.63	12.27	19.76	6.24
Past Year Marijuana Use	10.60	16.08	24.57	7.48
Past Month Marijuana Use	6.44	8.75	15.47	4.58
Past Month Use of Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana¹	4.06	6.56	9.78	2.76
Past Year Cocaine Use	2.47	1.67	6.71	1.84
Past Year Nonmedical Pain Reliever Use	6.31	10.92	15.81	4.08
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	41.40	39.21	27.77	44.04
Average Annual Rate of First Use of Marijuana²	1.75	7.31	5.39	0.16
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	40.55	19.53	57.39	40.36
Past Month Binge Alcohol³ Use	20.15	11.77	40.39	17.73
Perception of Great Risk of Drinking Five or More Drinks Once or Twice a Week	40.05	37.32	33.22	41.59
TOBACCO
Past Month Tobacco⁴ Use	39.02	24.30	56.08	37.97
Past Month Cigarette Use	33.31	18.82	48.70	32.51
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes Per Day	64.17	64.12	57.48	65.33
PAST YEAR DEPENDENCE, ABUSE,⁵ AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence	2.16	2.93	5.55	1.48
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	3.09	4.85	8.21	1.98
Alcohol Dependence	2.87	1.78	6.01	2.46
Alcohol Dependence or Abuse	6.45	5.43	14.10	5.26
Alcohol or Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	8.43	8.05	18.14	6.80
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,6	2.89	4.62	7.66	1.84
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁷	6.24	5.37	13.70	5.06
Serious Psychological Distress⁸	11.65⁸	--	15.19	11.04
Past Month Alcohol Use (for persons aged 12 to 20)	30.02⁹	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol³Use (for persons aged 12 to 20)	19.71⁹	--	--	--
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana include cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. ² Average Annual Rate = {(Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months) / [(Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months * 0.5) + Number of persons who never used marijuana]} / 2. Both the computation components, Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months and Number of persons who never used marijuana, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. Note that the age group is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ³ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁴ Tobacco products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., chewing tobacco or snuff), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁵ Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4^th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁶ Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for illicit drugs, but not receiving treatment for an illicit drug problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). ⁷ Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for alcohol, but not receiving treatment for an alcohol problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). ⁸ Serious Psychological Distress (SPD) was referred to as Serious Mental Illness (SMI) in prior NSDUH reports. Data for SPD are not defined for 12 to 17 year olds; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects those aged 18 or older. ⁹ Underage drinking is defined for persons aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects that age group and not persons 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2003 and 2004.

51031

LOUISIANA

Table 37. Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Average Annual Marijuana Initiates, Past Year Substance Dependence or Abuse, Needing But Not Receiving Treatment, and Serious Psychological Distress in *Louisiana*, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2003 and 2004 NSDUHs
Measure	Total 12 or Older	AGE GROUP (Years)
Measure	Total 12 or Older	12-17	18-25	26 or Older
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug¹ Use	278	41	100	138
Past Year Marijuana Use	325	50	128	146
Past Month Marijuana Use	191	26	81	84
Past Month Use of Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana¹	142	23	44	75
Past Year Cocaine Use	90	6	31	53
Past Year Nonmedical Pain Reliever Use	187	32	72	83
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	1,658	149	153	1,356
Average Annual Number of Marijuana Initiates²	41	21	18	2
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	1,674	74	324	1,276
Past Month Binge Alcohol³ Use	892	44	214	633
Perception of Great Risk of Drinking Five or More Drinks Once or Twice a Week	1,500	155	188	1,157
TOBACCO
Past Month Tobacco⁴ Use	1,186	60	247	880
Past Month Cigarette Use	1,039	52	221	767
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes Per Day	2,591	253	361	1,977
PAST YEAR DEPENDENCE, ABUSE,⁵ AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence	83	10	29	44
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	121	20	44	57
Alcohol Dependence	124	7	36	81
Alcohol Dependence or Abuse	287	24	86	176
Alcohol or Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	362	35	108	219
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,6	113	18	41	54
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁷	274	22	84	168
Serious Psychological Distress⁸	318⁸	--	81	237
Past Month Alcohol Use (for persons aged 12 to 20)	190⁹	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol³Use (for persons aged 12 to 20)	118⁹	--	--	--
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana include cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. ² Average Annual Number of Marijuana Initiates = Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months / 2. ³ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁴ Tobacco products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., chewing tobacco or snuff), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁵ Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4^th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁶ Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for illicit drugs, but not receiving treatment for an illicit drug problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). ⁷ Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for alcohol, but not receiving treatment for an alcohol problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). ⁸ Serious Psychological Distress (SPD) was referred to as Serious Mental Illness (SMI) in prior NSDUH reports. Data for SPD are not defined for 12 to 17 year olds; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects those aged 18 or older. ⁹ Underage drinking is defined for persons aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects that age group and not persons 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2003 and 2004.

51031

LOUISIANA

Table 38. Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Average Annual Rates of First Use of Marijuana, Past Year Substance Dependence or Abuse, Needing But Not Receiving Treatment, and Serious Psychological Distress in *Louisiana*, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2003 and 2004 NSDUHs
Measure	Total 12 or Older	AGE GROUP (Years)
Measure	Total 12 or Older	12-17	18-25	26 or Older
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug¹ Use	7.66	10.08	18.38	5.13
Past Year Marijuana Use	8.93	12.36	23.58	5.45
Past Month Marijuana Use	5.25	6.45	14.91	3.12
Past Month Use of Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana¹	3.90	5.71	8.08	2.78
Past Year Cocaine Use	2.47	1.37	5.74	1.98
Past Year Nonmedical Pain Reliever Use	5.16	8.00	13.18	3.11
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	45.66	37.04	28.15	50.49
Average Annual Rate of First Use of Marijuana²	1.72	5.86	6.28	0.13
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	46.09	18.42	59.58	47.51
Past Month Binge Alcohol³ Use	24.55	10.99	39.34	23.59
Perception of Great Risk of Drinking Five or More Drinks Once or Twice a Week	41.31	38.52	34.57	43.09
TOBACCO
Past Month Tobacco⁴ Use	32.66	14.76	45.39	32.77
Past Month Cigarette Use	28.61	12.79	40.61	28.56
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes Per Day	71.31	62.66	66.33	73.62
PAST YEAR DEPENDENCE, ABUSE,⁵ AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence	2.29	2.47	5.38	1.64
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	3.32	4.84	8.06	2.13
Alcohol Dependence	3.42	1.81	6.55	3.03
Alcohol Dependence or Abuse	7.89	5.96	15.89	6.57
Alcohol or Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	9.97	8.65	19.91	8.16
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,6	3.12	4.54	7.50	2.02
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁷	7.54	5.51	15.39	6.25
Serious Psychological Distress⁸	9.83⁸	--	14.86	8.82
Past Month Alcohol Use (for persons aged 12 to 20)	29.97⁹	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol³Use (for persons aged 12 to 20)	18.69⁹	--	--	--
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana include cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. ² Average Annual Rate = {(Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months) / [(Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months * 0.5) + Number of persons who never used marijuana]} / 2. Both the computation components, Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months and Number of persons who never used marijuana, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. Note that the age group is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ³ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁴ Tobacco products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., chewing tobacco or snuff), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁵ Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4^th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁶ Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for illicit drugs, but not receiving treatment for an illicit drug problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). ⁷ Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for alcohol, but not receiving treatment for an alcohol problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). ⁸ Serious Psychological Distress (SPD) was referred to as Serious Mental Illness (SMI) in prior NSDUH reports. Data for SPD are not defined for 12 to 17 year olds; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects those aged 18 or older. ⁹ Underage drinking is defined for persons aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects that age group and not persons 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2003 and 2004.

51031

MAINE

Table 39. Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Average Annual Marijuana Initiates, Past Year Substance Dependence or Abuse, Needing But Not Receiving Treatment, and Serious Psychological Distress in *Maine*, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2003 and 2004 NSDUHs
Measure	Total 12 or Older	AGE GROUP (Years)
Measure	Total 12 or Older	12-17	18-25	26 or Older
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug¹ Use	104	15	34	55
Past Year Marijuana Use	139	20	49	70
Past Month Marijuana Use	93	13	32	47
Past Month Use of Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana¹	40	6	14	20
Past Year Cocaine Use	29	2	13	14
Past Year Nonmedical Pain Reliever Use	56	10	19	27
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	380	29	23	327
Average Annual Number of Marijuana Initiates²	12	6	5	1
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	557	19	86	452
Past Month Binge Alcohol³ Use	240	12	59	169
Perception of Great Risk of Drinking Five or More Drinks Once or Twice a Week	415	35	34	346
TOBACCO
Past Month Tobacco⁴ Use	358	17	69	273
Past Month Cigarette Use	298	15	61	221
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes Per Day	789	70	87	632
PAST YEAR DEPENDENCE, ABUSE,⁵ AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence	21	4	8	10
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	35	7	14	15
Alcohol Dependence	39	3	11	25
Alcohol Dependence or Abuse	85	7	24	54
Alcohol or Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	106	11	30	65
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,6	34	6	13	15
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁷	81	7	23	51
Serious Psychological Distress⁸	106⁸	--	22	84
Past Month Alcohol Use (for persons aged 12 to 20)	47⁹	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol³Use (for persons aged 12 to 20)	33⁹	--	--	--
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana include cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. ² Average Annual Number of Marijuana Initiates = Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months / 2. ³ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁴ Tobacco products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., chewing tobacco or snuff), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁵ Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4^th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁶ Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for illicit drugs, but not receiving treatment for an illicit drug problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). ⁷ Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for alcohol, but not receiving treatment for an alcohol problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). ⁸ Serious Psychological Distress (SPD) was referred to as Serious Mental Illness (SMI) in prior NSDUH reports. Data for SPD are not defined for 12 to 17 year olds; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects those aged 18 or older. ⁹ Underage drinking is defined for persons aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects that age group and not persons 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2003 and 2004.

51031

MAINE

Table 40. Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Average Annual Rates of First Use of Marijuana, Past Year Substance Dependence or Abuse, Needing But Not Receiving Treatment, and Serious Psychological Distress in *Maine*, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2003 and 2004 NSDUHs
Measure	Total 12 or Older	AGE GROUP (Years)
Measure	Total 12 or Older	12-17	18-25	26 or Older
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug¹ Use	9.31	14.09	25.35	6.25
Past Year Marijuana Use	12.45	18.32	36.86	7.96
Past Month Marijuana Use	8.27	11.69	24.00	5.42
Past Month Use of Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana¹	3.59	5.54	10.37	2.31
Past Year Cocaine Use	2.57	2.03	9.61	1.56
Past Year Nonmedical Pain Reliever Use	5.02	8.80	14.20	3.14
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	33.88	26.70	17.02	37.37
Average Annual Rate of First Use of Marijuana²	1.94	7.21	8.95	0.15
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	49.69	17.41	63.81	51.58
Past Month Binge Alcohol³ Use	21.47	11.18	43.80	19.33
Perception of Great Risk of Drinking Five or More Drinks Once or Twice a Week	37.02	32.05	24.99	39.48
TOBACCO
Past Month Tobacco⁴ Use	31.97	15.34	51.13	31.12
Past Month Cigarette Use	26.57	13.87	45.73	25.22
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes Per Day	70.44	64.05	64.63	72.14
PAST YEAR DEPENDENCE, ABUSE,⁵ AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence	1.92	3.25	6.25	1.09
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	3.17	6.07	10.36	1.70
Alcohol Dependence	3.49	2.52	8.21	2.88
Alcohol Dependence or Abuse	7.59	6.48	17.79	6.15
Alcohol or Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	9.48	10.26	22.02	7.45
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,6	3.01	5.85	9.49	1.66
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁷	7.22	6.32	17.12	5.81
Serious Psychological Distress⁸	10.51⁸	--	16.57	9.58
Past Month Alcohol Use (for persons aged 12 to 20)	28.78⁹	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol³Use (for persons aged 12 to 20)	20.49⁹	--	--	--
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana include cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. ² Average Annual Rate = {(Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months) / [(Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months * 0.5) + Number of persons who never used marijuana]} / 2. Both the computation components, Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months and Number of persons who never used marijuana, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. Note that the age group is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ³ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁴ Tobacco products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., chewing tobacco or snuff), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁵ Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4^th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁶ Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for illicit drugs, but not receiving treatment for an illicit drug problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). ⁷ Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for alcohol, but not receiving treatment for an alcohol problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). ⁸ Serious Psychological Distress (SPD) was referred to as Serious Mental Illness (SMI) in prior NSDUH reports. Data for SPD are not defined for 12 to 17 year olds; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects those aged 18 or older. ⁹ Underage drinking is defined for persons aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects that age group and not persons 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2003 and 2004.

51031

MARYLAND

Table 41. Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Average Annual Marijuana Initiates, Past Year Substance Dependence or Abuse, Needing But Not Receiving Treatment, and Serious Psychological Distress in *Maryland*, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2003 and 2004 NSDUHs
Measure	Total 12 or Older	AGE GROUP (Years)
Measure	Total 12 or Older	12-17	18-25	26 or Older
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug¹ Use	317	47	115	156
Past Year Marijuana Use	467	73	166	228
Past Month Marijuana Use	250	36	100	113
Past Month Use of Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana¹	142	21	46	75
Past Year Cocaine Use	100	6	32	63
Past Year Nonmedical Pain Reliever Use	157	27	53	77
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	1,801	173	144	1,484
Average Annual Number of Marijuana Initiates²	47	27	18	2
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	2,344	79	356	1,909
Past Month Binge Alcohol³ Use	891	45	209	636
Perception of Great Risk of Drinking Five or More Drinks Once or Twice a Week	2,002	199	193	1,610
TOBACCO
Past Month Tobacco⁴ Use	1,213	59	233	921
Past Month Cigarette Use	1,044	51	197	795
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes Per Day	3,404	335	383	2,686
PAST YEAR DEPENDENCE, ABUSE,⁵ AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence	86	13	32	41
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	130	22	48	59
Alcohol Dependence	160	9	35	115
Alcohol Dependence or Abuse	334	25	94	216
Alcohol or Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	399	37	114	248
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,6	117	22	45	51
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁷	306	24	87	195
Serious Psychological Distress⁸	351⁸	--	72	279
Past Month Alcohol Use (for persons aged 12 to 20)	189⁹	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol³Use (for persons aged 12 to 20)	113⁹	--	--	--
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana include cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. ² Average Annual Number of Marijuana Initiates = Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months / 2. ³ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁴ Tobacco products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., chewing tobacco or snuff), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁵ Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4^th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁶ Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for illicit drugs, but not receiving treatment for an illicit drug problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). ⁷ Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for alcohol, but not receiving treatment for an alcohol problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). ⁸ Serious Psychological Distress (SPD) was referred to as Serious Mental Illness (SMI) in prior NSDUH reports. Data for SPD are not defined for 12 to 17 year olds; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects those aged 18 or older. ⁹ Underage drinking is defined for persons aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects that age group and not persons 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2003 and 2004.

51031

MARYLAND

Table 42. Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Average Annual Rates of First Use of Marijuana, Past Year Substance Dependence or Abuse, Needing But Not Receiving Treatment, and Serious Psychological Distress in *Maryland*, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2003 and 2004 NSDUHs
Measure	Total 12 or Older	AGE GROUP (Years)
Measure	Total 12 or Older	12-17	18-25	26 or Older
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug¹ Use	7.03	9.61	20.62	4.46
Past Year Marijuana Use	10.35	15.06	29.86	6.52
Past Month Marijuana Use	5.54	7.42	18.05	3.24
Past Month Use of Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana¹	3.14	4.36	8.25	2.15
Past Year Cocaine Use	2.22	1.21	5.72	1.80
Past Year Nonmedical Pain Reliever Use	3.48	5.46	9.56	2.21
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	39.69	35.58	25.91	42.50
Average Annual Rate of First Use of Marijuana²	1.78	6.37	6.55	0.12
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	51.72	16.19	64.06	54.68
Past Month Binge Alcohol³ Use	19.68	9.26	37.64	18.22
Perception of Great Risk of Drinking Five or More Drinks Once or Twice a Week	44.13	40.95	34.65	46.12
TOBACCO
Past Month Tobacco⁴ Use	26.79	12.17	41.87	26.38
Past Month Cigarette Use	23.05	10.54	35.50	22.78
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes Per Day	75.05	69.02	68.82	76.90
PAST YEAR DEPENDENCE, ABUSE,⁵ AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence	1.91	2.64	5.80	1.18
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	2.88	4.62	8.72	1.68
Alcohol Dependence	3.54	1.94	6.37	3.30
Alcohol Dependence or Abuse	7.40	5.10	16.82	6.19
Alcohol or Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	8.84	7.68	20.44	7.11
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,6	2.60	4.43	8.06	1.46
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁷	6.77	4.89	15.72	5.58
Serious Psychological Distress⁸	8.67⁸	--	12.89	7.99
Past Month Alcohol Use (for persons aged 12 to 20)	27.07⁹	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol³Use (for persons aged 12 to 20)	16.24⁹	--	--	--
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana include cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. ² Average Annual Rate = {(Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months) / [(Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months * 0.5) + Number of persons who never used marijuana]} / 2. Both the computation components, Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months and Number of persons who never used marijuana, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. Note that the age group is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ³ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁴ Tobacco products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., chewing tobacco or snuff), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁵ Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4^th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁶ Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for illicit drugs, but not receiving treatment for an illicit drug problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). ⁷ Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for alcohol, but not receiving treatment for an alcohol problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). ⁸ Serious Psychological Distress (SPD) was referred to as Serious Mental Illness (SMI) in prior NSDUH reports. Data for SPD are not defined for 12 to 17 year olds; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects those aged 18 or older. ⁹ Underage drinking is defined for persons aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects that age group and not persons 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2003 and 2004.

51031

MASSACHUSETTS

Table 43. Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Average Annual Marijuana Initiates, Past Year Substance Dependence or Abuse, Needing But Not Receiving Treatment, and Serious Psychological Distress in *Massachusetts*, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2003 and 2004 NSDUHs
Measure	Total 12 or Older	AGE GROUP (Years)
Measure	Total 12 or Older	12-17	18-25	26 or Older
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug¹ Use	547	68	199	280
Past Year Marijuana Use	763	92	258	414
Past Month Marijuana Use	468	53	177	239
Past Month Use of Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana¹	192	29	72	91
Past Year Cocaine Use	148	9	57	82
Past Year Nonmedical Pain Reliever Use	272	41	93	138
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	1,680	143	124	1,412
Average Annual Number of Marijuana Initiates²	55	29	22	3
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	3,280	112	478	2,690
Past Month Binge Alcohol³ Use	1,528	73	359	1,097
Perception of Great Risk of Drinking Five or More Drinks Once or Twice a Week	1,796	161	159	1,476
TOBACCO
Past Month Tobacco⁴ Use	1,403	70	308	1,025
Past Month Cigarette Use	1,177	55	273	850
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes Per Day	4,069	345	479	3,245
PAST YEAR DEPENDENCE, ABUSE,⁵ AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence	123	15	53	55
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	183	30	75	78
Alcohol Dependence	208	12	56	140
Alcohol Dependence or Abuse	455	34	134	287
Alcohol or Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	552	51	166	336
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,6	161	29	68	64
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁷	436	33	130	273
Serious Psychological Distress⁸	427⁸	--	99	328
Past Month Alcohol Use (for persons aged 12 to 20)	257⁹	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol³Use (for persons aged 12 to 20)	181⁹	--	--	--
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana include cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. ² Average Annual Number of Marijuana Initiates = Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months / 2. ³ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁴ Tobacco products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., chewing tobacco or snuff), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁵ Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4^th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁶ Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for illicit drugs, but not receiving treatment for an illicit drug problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). ⁷ Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for alcohol, but not receiving treatment for an alcohol problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). ⁸ Serious Psychological Distress (SPD) was referred to as Serious Mental Illness (SMI) in prior NSDUH reports. Data for SPD are not defined for 12 to 17 year olds; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects those aged 18 or older. ⁹ Underage drinking is defined for persons aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects that age group and not persons 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2003 and 2004.

51031

MASSACHUSETTS

Table 44. Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Average Annual Rates of First Use of Marijuana, Past Year Substance Dependence or Abuse, Needing But Not Receiving Treatment, and Serious Psychological Distress in *Massachusetts*, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2003 and 2004 NSDUHs
Measure	Total 12 or Older	AGE GROUP (Years)
Measure	Total 12 or Older	12-17	18-25	26 or Older
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug¹ Use	10.16	13.21	29.45	6.68
Past Year Marijuana Use	14.19	17.99	38.10	9.87
Past Month Marijuana Use	8.70	10.28	26.13	5.70
Past Month Use of Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana¹	3.57	5.72	10.65	2.17
Past Year Cocaine Use	2.75	1.71	8.39	1.97
Past Year Nonmedical Pain Reliever Use	5.06	8.03	13.73	3.30
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	31.22	27.81	18.40	33.71
Average Annual Rate of First Use of Marijuana²	1.97	7.28	7.92	0.16
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	60.99	21.81	70.71	64.21
Past Month Binge Alcohol³ Use	28.40	14.18	53.01	26.17
Perception of Great Risk of Drinking Five or More Drinks Once or Twice a Week	33.38	31.30	23.51	35.23
TOBACCO
Past Month Tobacco⁴ Use	26.08	13.72	45.51	24.46
Past Month Cigarette Use	21.89	10.71	40.33	20.28
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes Per Day	75.64	67.28	70.79	77.44
PAST YEAR DEPENDENCE, ABUSE,⁵ AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence	2.29	3.00	7.79	1.31
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	3.40	5.78	11.12	1.87
Alcohol Dependence	3.86	2.30	8.26	3.34
Alcohol Dependence or Abuse	8.45	6.58	19.83	6.84
Alcohol or Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	10.26	9.86	24.49	8.02
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,6	2.99	5.62	10.00	1.54
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁷	8.11	6.46	19.25	6.51
Serious Psychological Distress⁸	8.77⁸	--	14.63	7.82
Past Month Alcohol Use (for persons aged 12 to 20)	34.51⁹	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol³Use (for persons aged 12 to 20)	24.31⁹	--	--	--
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana include cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. ² Average Annual Rate = {(Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months) / [(Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months * 0.5) + Number of persons who never used marijuana]} / 2. Both the computation components, Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months and Number of persons who never used marijuana, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. Note that the age group is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ³ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁴ Tobacco products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., chewing tobacco or snuff), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁵ Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4^th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁶ Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for illicit drugs, but not receiving treatment for an illicit drug problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). ⁷ Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for alcohol, but not receiving treatment for an alcohol problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). ⁸ Serious Psychological Distress (SPD) was referred to as Serious Mental Illness (SMI) in prior NSDUH reports. Data for SPD are not defined for 12 to 17 year olds; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects those aged 18 or older. ⁹ Underage drinking is defined for persons aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects that age group and not persons 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2003 and 2004.

51031

MICHIGAN

Table 45. Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Average Annual Marijuana Initiates, Past Year Substance Dependence or Abuse, Needing But Not Receiving Treatment, and Serious Psychological Distress in *Michigan*, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2003 and 2004 NSDUHs
Measure	Total 12 or Older	AGE GROUP (Years)
Measure	Total 12 or Older	12-17	18-25	26 or Older
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug¹ Use	750	111	242	398
Past Year Marijuana Use	1,051	146	356	550
Past Month Marijuana Use	603	79	211	313
Past Month Use of Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana¹	286	57	90	140
Past Year Cocaine Use	209	14	70	125
Past Year Nonmedical Pain Reliever Use	431	86	139	205
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	3,089	290	240	2,559
Average Annual Number of Marijuana Initiates²	94	51	38	5
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	4,384	164	733	3,487
Past Month Binge Alcohol³ Use	2,040	101	500	1,440
Perception of Great Risk of Drinking Five or More Drinks Once or Twice a Week	3,129	327	316	2,487
TOBACCO
Past Month Tobacco⁴ Use	2,688	140	539	2,009
Past Month Cigarette Use	2,321	121	490	1,710
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes Per Day	5,967	603	731	4,633
PAST YEAR DEPENDENCE, ABUSE,⁵ AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence	170	29	63	78
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	256	55	88	113
Alcohol Dependence	268	19	79	170
Alcohol Dependence or Abuse	630	54	191	385
Alcohol or Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	782	85	236	460
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,6	223	52	81	90
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁷	597	52	181	364
Serious Psychological Distress⁸	685⁸	--	150	535
Past Month Alcohol Use (for persons aged 12 to 20)	412⁹	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol³Use (for persons aged 12 to 20)	280⁹	--	--	--
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana include cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. ² Average Annual Number of Marijuana Initiates = Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months / 2. ³ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁴ Tobacco products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., chewing tobacco or snuff), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁵ Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4^th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁶ Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for illicit drugs, but not receiving treatment for an illicit drug problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). ⁷ Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for alcohol, but not receiving treatment for an alcohol problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). ⁸ Serious Psychological Distress (SPD) was referred to as Serious Mental Illness (SMI) in prior NSDUH reports. Data for SPD are not defined for 12 to 17 year olds; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects those aged 18 or older. ⁹ Underage drinking is defined for persons aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects that age group and not persons 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2003 and 2004.

51031

MICHIGAN

Table 46. Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Average Annual Rates of First Use of Marijuana, Past Year Substance Dependence or Abuse, Needing But Not Receiving Treatment, and Serious Psychological Distress in *Michigan*, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2003 and 2004 NSDUHs
Measure	Total 12 or Older	AGE GROUP (Years)
Measure	Total 12 or Older	12-17	18-25	26 or Older
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug¹ Use	9.00	12.25	21.79	6.29
Past Year Marijuana Use	12.61	16.17	32.08	8.68
Past Month Marijuana Use	7.23	8.77	18.99	4.95
Past Month Use of Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana¹	3.43	6.28	8.08	2.21
Past Year Cocaine Use	2.51	1.57	6.32	1.98
Past Year Nonmedical Pain Reliever Use	5.17	9.54	12.56	3.25
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	37.03	32.10	21.68	40.43
Average Annual Rate of First Use of Marijuana²	2.03	6.69	7.42	0.15
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	52.56	18.21	66.08	55.10
Past Month Binge Alcohol³ Use	24.46	11.17	45.08	22.74
Perception of Great Risk of Drinking Five or More Drinks Once or Twice a Week	37.52	36.19	28.46	39.30
TOBACCO
Past Month Tobacco⁴ Use	32.22	15.49	48.63	31.74
Past Month Cigarette Use	27.82	13.38	44.15	27.02
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes Per Day	71.54	66.84	65.89	73.21
PAST YEAR DEPENDENCE, ABUSE,⁵ AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence	2.04	3.25	5.66	1.23
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	3.07	6.11	7.91	1.78
Alcohol Dependence	3.21	2.12	7.10	2.68
Alcohol Dependence or Abuse	7.56	6.02	17.24	6.08
Alcohol or Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	9.38	9.47	21.29	7.27
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,6	2.67	5.75	7.32	1.42
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁷	7.16	5.79	16.34	5.75
Serious Psychological Distress⁸	9.21⁸	--	13.54	8.45
Past Month Alcohol Use (for persons aged 12 to 20)	30.17⁹	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol³Use (for persons aged 12 to 20)	20.48⁹	--	--	--
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana include cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. ² Average Annual Rate = {(Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months) / [(Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months * 0.5) + Number of persons who never used marijuana]} / 2. Both the computation components, Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months and Number of persons who never used marijuana, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. Note that the age group is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ³ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁴ Tobacco products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., chewing tobacco or snuff), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁵ Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4^th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁶ Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for illicit drugs, but not receiving treatment for an illicit drug problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). ⁷ Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for alcohol, but not receiving treatment for an alcohol problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). ⁸ Serious Psychological Distress (SPD) was referred to as Serious Mental Illness (SMI) in prior NSDUH reports. Data for SPD are not defined for 12 to 17 year olds; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects those aged 18 or older. ⁹ Underage drinking is defined for persons aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects that age group and not persons 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2003 and 2004.

51031

MINNESOTA

Table 47. Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Average Annual Marijuana Initiates, Past Year Substance Dependence or Abuse, Needing But Not Receiving Treatment, and Serious Psychological Distress in *Minnesota*, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2003 and 2004 NSDUHs
Measure	Total 12 or Older	AGE GROUP (Years)
Measure	Total 12 or Older	12-17	18-25	26 or Older
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug¹ Use	313	45	107	161
Past Year Marijuana Use	472	73	169	231
Past Month Marijuana Use	258	36	95	127
Past Month Use of Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana¹	136	21	44	71
Past Year Cocaine Use	91	8	38	46
Past Year Nonmedical Pain Reliever Use	167	25	55	88
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	1,365	140	123	1,102
Average Annual Number of Marijuana Initiates²	47	24	20	3
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	2,425	82	406	1,938
Past Month Binge Alcohol³ Use	1,098	56	280	762
Perception of Great Risk of Drinking Five or More Drinks Once or Twice a Week	1,535	151	151	1,233
TOBACCO
Past Month Tobacco⁴ Use	1,273	71	295	907
Past Month Cigarette Use	1,053	58	275	720
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes Per Day	3,021	292	365	2,364
PAST YEAR DEPENDENCE, ABUSE,⁵ AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence	78	12	33	33
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	120	22	47	51
Alcohol Dependence	156	10	48	97
Alcohol Dependence or Abuse	370	30	121	220
Alcohol or Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	435	42	143	250
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,6	109	21	44	45
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁷	343	28	113	202
Serious Psychological Distress⁸	328⁸	--	75	253
Past Month Alcohol Use (for persons aged 12 to 20)	217⁹	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol³Use (for persons aged 12 to 20)	156⁹	--	--	--
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana include cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. ² Average Annual Number of Marijuana Initiates = Number of Marijuana Initiates in past 24 months / 2. ³ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁴ Tobacco products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., chewing tobacco or snuff), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁵ Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4^th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁶ Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for illicit drugs, but not receiving treatment for an illicit drug problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). ⁷ Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for alcohol, but not receiving treatment for an alcohol problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). ⁸ Serious Psychological Distress (SPD) was referred to as Serious Mental Illness (SMI) in prior NSDUH reports. Data for SPD are not defined for 12 to 17 year olds; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects those aged 18 or older. ⁹ Underage drinking is defined for persons aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects that age group and not persons 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2003 and 2004.

51031

MINNESOTA

Table 48. Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Average Annual Rates of First Use of Marijuana, Past Year Substance Dependence or Abuse, Needing But Not Receiving Treatment, and Serious Psychological Distress in *Minnesota*, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2003 and 2004 NSDUHs
Measure	Total 12 or Older	AGE GROUP (Years)
Measure	Total 12 or Older	12-17	18-25	26 or Older
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug¹ Use	7.41	10.25	18.19	5.05
Past Year Marijuana Use	11.16	16.42	28.71	7.24
Past Month Marijuana Use	6.10	8.08	16.17	3.99
Past Month Use of Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana¹	3.21	4.65	7.49	2.24
Past Year Cocaine Use	2.16	1.87	6.38	1.43
Past Year Nonmedical Pain Reliever Use	3.96	5.56	9.31	2.77
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	32.41	31.67	20.92	34.61
Average Annual Rate of First Use of Marijuana²	1.93	6.44	7.08	0.15
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	57.57	18.56	69.03	60.83
Past Month Binge Alcohol³ Use	26.03	12.71	47.59	23.93
Perception of Great Risk of Drinking Five or More Drinks Once or Twice a Week	36.44	34.07	25.66	38.72
TOBACCO
Past Month Tobacco⁴ Use	30.17	16.14	50.15	28.46
Past Month Cigarette Use	24.96	13.17	46.79	22.60
Perception of Great Risk of Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes Per Day	71.70	65.93	62.14	74.23
PAST YEAR DEPENDENCE, ABUSE,⁵ AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence	1.85	2.68	5.62	1.04
Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	2.82	5.08	7.92	1.59
Alcohol Dependence	3.69	2.32	8.20	3.05
Alcohol Dependence or Abuse	8.76	6.71	20.57	6.90
Alcohol or Illicit Drug¹ Dependence or Abuse	10.29	9.57	24.27	7.84
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,6	2.59